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Acta mechanica Sinica 2011年第3期27卷 389-398页

作者： Joaquín Zueco O.Anwar Bég l.m.lpez-Ochoa Thermal Engineering and Fluids Department Technical University of CartagenaETSII Campus Muralla del Mar Aerospace Engineering Department of Engineering and MathematicsSheaf BuildingSheffield Hallam University mechanical Engineering Departament University of RiojaC/Luís de UlloaLogrono (La Rioja)20E-26004Spain

Network simulation method（NSm） is used to solve the laminar heat and mass transfer of an electricallyconducting,heat generating/absorbing fluid past a perforated horizontal surface in the presence of viscous and Joule heating problem. The governing partial differential equations are non-dimensionalized and transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential similarity equations,in a single independent variable,畏. The resulting coupled,nonlinear equations are solved under appropriate transformed boundary conditions. Computations are performed for a wide range of the governing flow parameters,viz Prandtl number,thermophoretic coeffcient（a function of Knudsen number）,thermal conductivity parameter,wall transpiration parameter and Schmidt number. The numerical details are discussed with relevant applications. The present problem finds applications in optical fiber fabrication,aerosol filter precipitators,particle deposition on hydronautical blades,semiconductor wafer design,thermo-electronics and problems including nuclear reactor safety.

关键词： Thermophoresis . mHD . Network simulation model . Heat and mass transfer- Hartmann number

Dendritic cells in cancer immunology

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 3-13页

作者： Theresa l.murphy Kenneth m.murphy Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University in St.LouisSchool of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA

The clinical success of immune checkpoint therapy(ICT)has produced explosive growth in tumor immunology research because ICT was discovered through basic studies of immune *** of the current translational efforts are aimed at enhancing ICT by identifying therapeutic targets that synergize with CTlA4 or PD1/PD-l1 blockade and are solidly developed on the basis of currently accepted *** these principles through continuous basic research may help broaden translational *** this mindset,we focused this review on three threads of basic research directly relating to mechanisms underlying ***,this review covers three aspects of dendritic cell(DC)biology connected with antitumor immune responses but are not specifically oriented toward therapeutic ***,we review recent advances in the development of the cDC1 subset of DCs,identifying important features distinguishing these cells from other types of ***,we review the antigen-processing pathway called cross-presentation,which was discovered in the mid-1970s and remains an *** pathway serves an essential in vivo function unique to cDC1s and may be both a physiologic bottleneck and therapeutic ***,we review the longstanding field of helper cells and the related area of DC licensing,in which CD4 T cells influence the strength or quality of CD8 T cell *** topic is connected with ICT in some manner but is also a fundamental aspect of cell-mediated immunity directed toward intracellular pathogens.

关键词： Dendritic cells transcription factors cross-presentation tumor rejection CD4 help

Chemically reactive and radiative von Kármán swirling flow due to a rotating disk

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第9期39卷 1295-1310页

作者： m.KHAN J.AHmED l.AHmAD Department of mathematics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila 47050Pakistan Department of mathematics Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringal Upper Dir 18000Pakistan

A new mathematical model is presented to study the heat and mass transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic(mHD) maxwell fluid flow over a convectively heated stretchable rotating disk. To regulate the fluid temperature at the surface, a simple isothermal model of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions is employed. The impact of nonlinear thermal radiative heat flux on thermal transport features is studied. The transformed nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically with an efficient method, namely, the Runge-Kutta-Felberg fourth-order and fifth-order(RKF45)integration scheme using the mAPlE software. Achieved results are validated with previous studies in an excellent way. major outcomes reveal that the magnetic flux reduces the velocity components in the radial, angular, and axial directions, and enhances the fluid temperature. Also, the presence of radiative heat flux is to raise the temperature of fluid. Further, the strength of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions is useful to diminish the concentration of reaction.

关键词： rotating stretchable disk magnetic field nonlinear radiative heat flux homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reaction

Bianchi type I in f(T) gravitational theories

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第5期25卷 58-64页

作者： m I Wanas G G l Nashed O A Ibrahim Astronomy Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt Centre for Theoretical Physics The British University in Egypt El-Sherouk City Egypt mathematics Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Egyptian Relativity Group (ERG) Giza Egypt

A tetrad field that is homogeneous and anisotropic which contains two unknown functions A（t） and B（t） of cosmic time is applied to the field equations of f（T）, where T is the torsion scalar, T = T~μ_（νρ）S_μ^（νρ）. We calculate the equation of continuity and rewrite it as a product of two brackets, the first is a function of f（T） and the second is a function of the two unknowns A（t） and B（t）. We use two different relations between the two unknown functions A（t） and B（t） in the second bracket to solve it. Both of these relations give constant scalar torsion and solutions coincide with the de Sitter one. So,another assumption related to the contents of the matter fields is postulated. This assumption enables us to drive a solution with a non-constant value of the scalar torsion and a form of f（T） which represents ΛCDm.

关键词： f(T) gravitational theory Bianchi type I special solutions

Re-visiting the mass-flux model for Explosive Reactive Armor and the effect of plate thickness

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 779-785页

作者： m.mayseless S.Friling l.misiuk Ben-Gurion University Beer-Sheva84105Israel Rafael P.O.Box 2250HaifaIsrael matmon Unit Technological DivisionMil.P.O.Box 01154IDFIsrael

Explosive Reactive Armor was originally modeled under the assumption that the plates in the cassettes were very *** their thickness could be ignored,and the thicknesses of the plates were considered only based on their areal mass *** particular,it was assumed that the jet-plate interaction was controlled by the plates to jet-mass-flux ratio criteria for a specific jet velocity and *** the present study,we extended this analysis,examining the effect of the variation of the mass-flux along the jet on the disruption effect by the two *** addition,we examined the thickness effect of the plates on the plate's effectiveness,replacing the steel plates by low-density materials like aluminum and *** mass-flux model was adjusted to account for the plate-thickness *** was found that increasing the thickness of the plate,keeping the areal weight unchanged,slightly increases the overall effectiveness of the cassette,in particular by the forward moving plate interacting with the center and the slow parts of the jet.

关键词： Explosive reactive armor Armor Shaped-charges Jet disruption

Current and near-term advances in Earth observation for ecological applications

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 1-57页

作者： Susan l.Ustin Elizabeth m.middleton John muir Institute of the Environment University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center(Emerita) GreenbeltMD 20771USA.

There is an unprecedented array of new satellite technologies with capabilities for advancing our understanding of ecological processes and the changing composition of the Earth’s biosphere at scales from local plots to the whole *** identified 48 instruments and 13 platforms with multiple instruments that are of broad interest to the environmental sciences that either collected data in the 2000s,were recently launched,or are planned for launch in this *** have restricted our review to instruments that primarily observe terrestrial landscapes or coastal margins and are available under free and open data *** focused on imagers that passively measure wavelengths in the reflected solar and emitted thermal *** suite of instruments we describe measure land surface characteristics,including land cover,but provide a more detailed monitoring of ecosystems,plant communities,and even some species then possible from historic *** newer instruments have potential to greatly improve our understanding of ecosystem functional relationships among plant traits like leaf mass area(lmA),total nitrogen content,and leaf area index(lAI).They provide new information on physiological processes related to photosynthesis,transpiration and respiration,and stress detection,including capabilities to measure key plant and soil biophysical *** include canopy and soil temperature and emissivity,chlorophyll fluorescence,and biogeochemical contents like photosynthetic pigments(e.g.,chlorophylls,carotenoids,and phycobiliproteins from cyanobacteria),water,cellulose,lignin,and nitrogen in foliar *** data will enable us to quantify and characterize various soil properties such as iron content,several types of soil clays,organic matter,and other *** of these satellites are in low Earth orbit(lEO),but we include a few in geostationary orbit(GEO)because of their potential to measure plant physiological traits over diurnal periods,impro

关键词： Terrestrial ecosystems Earth Observing Satellites Ecosystem processes Physiological functions multispectral Hyperspectral Thermal liDAR Radar imagers Biochemistry Soil properties Species mapping Change detection 3D canopy structure Topography

Crystal Growth of[Ca3Al(OH)6·12H2O]2·(SO4)3·2H2O (Ettringite) Studied Under microgravity Conditions

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2020年第5期35卷 893-899页

作者： meier m R lEI l Rinkenburger A Plank J Technische Universitat miinchen Chair for Construction Chemistry85747 GarchingLichtenbergstrafie 4Germany

On parabolic flights,the growth of ettringite,[Ca3Al(OH)6·12H2O]2·(SO4)3·2H2O,a major reaction product of cement with water which forms instantaneously,was crystallized under microgravity conditions and *** the experiments,Ca(OH)2/Al2(SO4)3 solutions were combined and reacted for 10?s,followed by immediate filtration of the suspension and subsequent quenching with *** the ettringite crystals,the size,aspect ratios,quantity and morphology were determined and the results were compared with those from identical experiments performed under terrestric *** microgravity,generally smaller crystals (l-2.9 μm) precipitated in larger amount than under normal gravity (l-3.5 μm).The aspect ratios of the crystals grown under terrestric or microgravity condition were comparable at about *** is assumed that the reason for the smaller ettringite crystals is the absence of convection leading to more initial nuclei,but slower crystal growth which is diffusion ***,no preference relative to the ion transport to the different faces of the crystals *** results contribute to the understanding of the mineralization of inorganic salts under microgravity conditions for which hitherto only a handful of examples were reported.

关键词： crystallization ettringite microgravity morphology nucleation

Propagation of an electromagnetic soliton in an anisotropic biquadratic ferromagnetic medium

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第3期22卷 275-281页

作者： l.Kavitha m.Saravanan D.Gopi Department of Physics Periyar University The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics TriesteItaly Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Periyar University Department of Chemistry Periyar University

Information storage technology based on anisotropic ferromagnets with sufficiently high magneto-optical effects has received much attention in recent ***-optical recording combines the merits of magnetic and optical *** investigate the magneto-optical effects on a biquadratic ferromagnet and show that the dynamics of the system are governed by a perturbed nonlinear Schro¨dinger *** evolutions of amplitude and velocity of the soliton are found to be time independent,thereby admitting the lossless propagation of the electromagnetic soliton in the medium,which may have potential applications in soliton based optical communication *** also exploit the role of perturbation,which has a significant impact on the propagation of an electromagnetic soliton.

关键词： solitons classical spin models maxwell equations nonlinear dynamics

Ultrafast synthesis and sintering of materials in a single running experiment approach by using electric fields

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第2期8卷 265-277页

作者： lílian m.JESUS Ronaldo S.SIlVA Jean-Claude m’PEKO Sao Carlos Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo(USP)P.O.Box:369CEP:13560-970 Sao CarlosSPBrazil Group of Advanced Ceramic materials Department of PhysicsFederal University of Sergipe(UFS)CEP:49100-000 Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Department of Physics Federal University of Sao Carlos(UFSCar)13560-905 Sao CarlosSPBrazil

Processing of materials in the form of ceramics normally involves several steps including calcination at a relatively low temperature for synthesis of the end-product powder and sintering at a high temperature for *** work we have been developing introduces a novel approach enabling synthesis plus sintering of materials in a single running experiment by using electric fields,ending with dense ceramics that display grains noticeably finer than in conventional *** new paradigm is fully illustrated with experiments conducted on amorphous CaCu3Ti4O12 precursor powder,shown to experience,on heating,crystallization through intermediate phases,followed by chemical reaction leading to synthesis of the end-product powder,plus densification depending on field *** processing time and furnace temperature are considerably reduced,demonstrating that enhanced synthesis and sintering rates applied under field *** results found in Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12are also *** different factors that may contribute to this unique scenario,including Joule heating,defect generation,and reduction of free energy for nuclei formation promoted by the applied field,are briefly ***,the findings we bring here are exclusive as they show an exploitable way that allows rapid processing of materials with good control over particle and grain coarsening.

关键词： field-assisted processing synthesis sintering microstructure dielectric response

Expert perspectives on GIS use in Spanish geographic education

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1204-1218页

作者： I.J.Buzo-Sánchez C.mínguez m.l.De lázaro-Torres IES San Roque BadajozSpain Geography Department Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Geography Department UNEDMadridSpain

The emergence of new technological tools for territorial analysis,such as cloud-based GIS,or GIS viewers,compels us to closely examine its usefulness in geographic education. Specifically,it raises the professors and teachers’ questions: what to teach? how to teach? and what will students learn? This research responds to these three questions by interviewing Spanish experts who know how to use these tools to teach geography at university and secondary school levels. The Delphi technique was applied to achieve this,which established consensus and led to the following results from experts’ own experience: (1) that GIS help to understand territory in an experiential and non-memoristic way and (2) they enable the development of spatial thinking. This paper concludes that changes in methodologies and integrate technical knowledge into teacher training are needed.

关键词： Geography Delphi GIS competencies spatial thinking