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Precipitation variability in Portugal from 1960 to 2011

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第7期25卷 784-800页

作者： A.N.NUNES l.lOURENO Center for Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning(CEGOT) Department of Geography University of Coimbra

This study analyses spatial variab （amount and concentration） based on data lity and trends in annual and monthly precipitation from 42 stations in mainland Portugal during the period 1960-2011. Relationships between certain geographic variables （elevation, latitude and longitude） and precipitation variability were also determined in order to check for specific dependencies and spatial patterns in precipitation distribution, concentration and changing trends. Trends and relationships have been analysed using both parametric and non-parametric tests. The results showed that annual precipitation had decreased in all stations and that this trend is statistically significant for most of the time series （70% of the stations showed nega- tive trends with at least a 0.1 significance level）. The Annual Precipitation Concentration In- dex revealed an opposite behaviour pattern, suggesting that even though the annual trend for precipitation amount was negative overall, more than half of the udometric stations registered a more marked seasonality for precipitation during the period 1960-2011. However, only one station showed statistical significant time trend. Regarding the influence of geographical features, latitude is the most important variable, governing spatial distribution and variations in annual precipitation as well as its intra-annual changeability. These important changes in precipitation, involving both amount and concentration, may have severe consequences for ecosystems and societies.

关键词： precipitation trend precipitation concentration index spatial patterns geographical variables Portugal

Thoughts of a travelling ecologist *** marriage of invasion biology and social science is preordained

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生物安全学报 2016年第4期25卷 235-237页

作者： Gábor l.lOVEI Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian 350002China Department of Agroecology Aarhus UniversityFlakkebjerg Research CentreDK-4200 SlagelseDenmark

The human race now declared that it rules the ***'officially'declared the start of a new era in the history of the Earth,the *** Executive Committee of the International Union of Geological Sciences accepted the propo... 详细信息

关键词：生态学家社会科学生物学国际地质科学联合会旅行婚姻入侵人类世

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中美被试概率判断的准确性

心理科学通讯 1987年第2期 7-13+66页

作者： J.F.Yates D.l.Ronis 朱滢王登峰美国密西根大学北京大学

这是关于决策论中的概率判断的实经研究.两项研究表明,中国被试和美国被试的判断准确性基本相似。然而,两组被试达到其准确性的水平的方式是不同的,中国被试有较好的分辨,而美国被试有较好的校准.

关键词：美国美利坚合众国北美洲中华人民共和国概率被试布朗

Admission Motor Strength Grade Predicts Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2013年第1期4卷 1-6页

作者： Vishnumurthy Shushrutha Hedna Aakash N. Bodhit Saeed Ansari Adam D Falchook latha G. Stead Sharathchandra Bidari Brian l Hoh Kenneth M Heilman Michael F Waters Department of Emergency Medicine University of Florida Gainesville USA Department of Neurology University of Florida Gainesville USA Department of Neuroradiology University of Florida Gainesville USA Department of Neurosciences University of Florida Gainesville USA. Department of Neurosurgery University of Florida Gainesville USA

Background: The mortality due to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the acute treatment of intracranial arterial occlu- sions can be up to 45%. The SWIFT (Solitaire FR with the Intention for Thrombectomy) and Multi MERCI (mechani- cal embolus removal in cerebral ischemia) trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of MT. It may be important to determine pre-procedural factors that help predict post-intervention prognosis. We sought to determine if admission medical research council (MRC) motor strength grade along with other factors can be used as predictor of mortality after MT for acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Retrospective analysis of stroke database assessing outcomes in all 62 patients who underwent MT as an intervention for acute ischemic stroke, with or without concurrent intravenous thrombolysis was done. Five baseline variables were included in univariate and multivariate analyses to define the in- dependent predictors of mortality during current hospitalization. The medical research council (MRC) motor grade (0 - 5);modified collateral flow (CS) grading (0 - 3);age;acute and chronic co-morbidities were used as the baseline vari- ables. If motor strength grade were different in upper and lower extremities, then the lower grade was used. Age was analyzed independently as well as dichotomized using 80 as cut-off value. Relevant stroke related acute and chronic co-morbidities were given 1 point each and mean calculated. Results: In the univariate analysis, low (0 - 1) motor strength grade (OR, 0.11;95% CI, 0.021 - 0.33;p = 0.001) and age (OR, 1.06;95% CI, 1.02 - 1.12;p = 0.011) was sig- nificantly associated with mortality. The presence of collateral flow, acute and chronic co-morbidities were not signifi- cantly associated with mortality. In the multivariate analysis, motor grade retained its statistical significance for morta- lity (OR, 0.09;95% CI, 0.01 - 0.32;p = 0.003) along with chronic co-morbidity (OR, 1.52;95% CI 1.05 - 2.43;

关键词： Motor Grade Collaterals Ischemic Stroke Endovascular Intervention Outcome after Stroke Mortality after Stroke Acute Stroke Endovascular Treatment Mechanical Thrombectomy

土耳其语偏头痛失能评估(MIDAS)问卷在偏头痛患者中效度和信度的调查

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 41-42页

作者： Gedikoglu U. Coskun O. Inan l.E. 周永 Ministry of Health Ankara Research Hospital Department of Neurology Ankara Turkey

The Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire is a brief, self-administered questionnaire which is designed to quantify headache-related disabili ty in a 3-month period. We have tested a Turkish version of the MIDAS questionn aire in 60 migraine patients. Sixty of the clinically diagnosed migraine headach e sufferers were enrolled in a 90-day diary study and completed the MIDAS quest ionnaire in the first, 21st and the last day of the 90-day study. The scores ta ken from the diary and the scores of the MIDAS taken at different times were eva luated by the correlation tests of both Pearson and Spearman for each question a nd total scores. Cronbach’s scores taken from the diary and taken from the test of the MIDAS which was applied at different times were evaluated. Pearson’s co rrelation on the responses in the initial MIDAS questions was between 0.44 (reduced productivity in household chores) and 0.78 (missed work or school days). The correlation of the Spearman was similar to the Pearson valu es. As a result, we found that the overall score of the MIDAS has a good reliabi lity and its internal consistency is also good (Cronbach’s α0.87). These findi ngs support the use of the MIDAS questionnaire as a clinical and research tool o n Turkish patients.

关键词：偏头痛患者 MIDAS 失能土耳其语效度自填式系数值家务劳动相关系数一个问题

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新型刺激响应性纤维素基含能凝胶的流变性能

高等学校化学学报 2012年第2期33卷 409-415页

作者：吕少一邵自强张振玲王飞俊王文俊北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院北京100081

研究了以不同基团含量的羧甲基纤维素硝酸酯(CMCN)为胶凝剂的含能凝胶细微结构与流变行为的关系.探讨了凝胶的形成机理,并采用线性的流变学方法研究了凝胶的屈服性、触变性、蠕变性及温敏性等动态黏弹性质,分别利用Herschel-Bulkley模型... 详细信息

研究了以不同基团含量的羧甲基纤维素硝酸酯(CMCN)为胶凝剂的含能凝胶细微结构与流变行为的关系.探讨了凝胶的形成机理,并采用线性的流变学方法研究了凝胶的屈服性、触变性、蠕变性及温敏性等动态黏弹性质,分别利用Herschel-Bulkley模型、Burger模型及Carreau-Yasuda模型对凝胶的流动曲线、蠕变曲线和频率曲线进行了数据拟合.研究发现,CMCN凝胶是由其分子结构上两亲性基团通过分子链间氢键及疏水键等非共价键相互作用形成的一种结构均匀的物理交联网络型凝胶.凝胶的非牛顿系数n均小于0.5.随着亲水性羧酸基团含量的增加,凝胶的屈服应力逐渐增大,触变恢复性逐渐增强,弹性与黏性柔量均减小,但其比值增加,蠕变的黏性响应性逐渐减弱而弹性响应性逐渐增强.凝胶的温敏性变化有一个力学松弛转变区,随着羧酸基团含量的增加,松弛转变区愈发明显,凝胶的温敏性也逐渐增强.

关键词：含能胶凝剂羧甲基纤维素硝酸酯流变性刺激响应性

酶消化与机械找精联合以改进非梗阻性无精症患者的睾丸取精术

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 7-8页

作者： Aydos K. Demirel l.C. Baltaci V. UnlC. 王佳楣 Research Center on Inferti lity School of Medicine University of Ankara Ankara Turkey

Background: In non-obstructive azoospermic patients (NOA)-besides the mechan ical treatment, vital spermatozoa from the tissue obtained from testes by biopsy can be enzymatically prepared. Objective: To increase the sperm recovery succ es s of testicular sperm extraction (TESE), suitable for ICSI. Study design: Prospe ctive, clinical study. In 177 consecutive men who presented with clinical and la boratory data indicating NOA, tissue samples were obtained by microdissection TE SE method. Initially, mature spermatozoa were searched for by mechanical extract ion technique shredding the biopsy fractions. In cases with no spermatozoa was o bserved after maximum 30 min of initial searching under the inverted microscope, the procedure was then followed by enzymatic digestion using DNAse and collagen ase type IV. In cases of at least a mature spermatozoon could be obtained proper ly, ICSI was performed. Results: Of 177 cases with NOA, conventional mincing met hod extended with enzymatic treatment yielded successful sperm recovery for ICSI in 102 (57%). Overall in vitro tissue-processing time for patients with sperm recovery failure after 30 min of mechanical searching, was between 80 and 105 min (mean 96 ±9). Cleavage, embryo transfer and clinical pregnancy rates in mec hanical plus enzymatic TESE patients were not significantly different from those of only mechanically TESE performed patients (P >0.05). Conclusion: Combination of conventional TESE and enzymatic digestion is an effective method to recover spermatozoa suitable for ICSI. The benefit of the mincing combined with enzyme t o sperm retrieval for NOA is firstly to shorten the mechanical searching time, t hus minimizing further cellular damage as well as exposure to external condition s, and secondly to reduce the number of cases with sperm recovery failures.

关键词：非梗阻性无精症睾丸组织临床妊娠率卵母细胞胚胎移植显微注射倒置显微镜脱氧核糖核酸酶组织碎片显微切割

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对小于胎龄儿的转归进行的基于人群的研究

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 27-28页

作者： Bartels D. B. Kreienbrock l. Dammann O. C. F. Poets 郭战宏 Departmen t of Neonatology University Hospital Tbingen Calwerstr 7 D-72076 Tbingen GermanyProf.

Objective: To explore whether and how population based data froma regional qua lity control programme can be used to investigate the hypothesis that small for gestational age (SGA) very low birthweight infants (VlBW, lar haemorrhage (IVH), and periventricul ar leucomalacia (PVl), but at decreased risk of respiratory distress syndrome (R DS). Methods: Analyses of population based perinatal/neonatal data (1991-96) fr om a quality control programme in lower Saxony, Germany. After assessment of dat a validity and representativeness, exclusion criteria were defined: birth weight > 90th centile, severe malformations, siblings of multiple births, and gestatio nal age (GA) 29 weeks. Outcomes of interest were death, severe IVH, PV l, and RDS. Multivariable analyses were performed by Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression models. Results: Within the data validation procedure, on i ncrease in proportions of both VlBW (from 0.95%in 1991 to 1.11%in 1996; +17 %) and SGA (from 22.7%to 27.4%; +21%) infants became apparent (p lation consisted of 1623 infants (173 SGA). Mortality was 12.1 %(n = 196), with an adjusted hazard ratio for SGA infants of 2.54, 95%confide nce interval (CI) 1.70 to *** groups were at similar risk of severe IVH (adjusted odds ratio 0.93, 95%CI 0.5 to 1.65) and PVl (1.54, 95%CI 0.78 to 2.87), but SGA infants had less RDS (0.57, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.93). Male sex , multiple birth, hypothermia ( ls with lBW admissions/year had incre ased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.56, 95%CI 1.12 to 2.18). Conclusions : SGA VlBW infants are at increased risk of death, but not of IVH and PVl, and a t decreased risk of RDS. That mortality is higher in smaller hospitals needs fur ther investigation.

关键词：小于胎龄儿围生期脑室内出血百分位数呼吸窘迫综合征多胎分娩男性胎儿脑室旁白质软化剔除标准危险比

妇女的共享干预措施对出生结局的影响:尼泊尔一项聚群随机对照研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 2-3页

作者： Manandhar P.D.S. Osrin D. Prasad S hrestha B. P.A.M.D.l.Costello 兰玲 International Perinatal Care Unit Institute of Child HealthUniversity Colleg e Lon-don30Guilford StreetLondon WC1N1EHUnited King-dom

Background Neonatal deaths in developing countries make the largest contribution to global mortality in children younger than 5years.90%of deliveries in the poorest quintile of households happen at hom *** postulated that a community -based participatory in tervention could sig-nificantly reduce neonatal mortali ty *** We pair -matched 42geopolitical clusters in Makwanpur dis-trict,Nepal,selected 12pairs rand omly,and randomly assigned one of each pair to interven tion or *** each intervention cluster(average population 7000),a female facilitator convened nine womens g roup meetings every *** facilitator supported groups through an ac-tion -learning cycle in which they id entified local perinatal problems and formulated strategies to address *** monitored birth outcomes in a cohort of 28931women,of whom 8%joined the *** primary outcome was neonatal mortality *** outc omes included stillbirths and maternal deaths,uptake of anten atal and delivery ser-vices,home care practices,infant m orbidity,and health -care *** was by intent ion to *** study is registered as an International St andard Randomised Controlled Trial,number *** 2001to 2003,the neonatal morta lity rate was 26.2per 1000(76deaths per 2899livebirths)in intervention clusters compared with 36.9per 1000(119deaths per3226livebirths)in controls(adjusted odds ratio 0.7095%CI 0.53-0.94).Stillbirth rates were similar in both *** maternal mortality ratio was 69per 100000(two deaths per 2899livebirths)in intervention clusters compared with 341per 100000(11deaths per 3226livebirths)in control clusters(0.220.05-0.90).Women in intervention clusters were more likely to have antenatal care,institutional delivery,trained birth atten-dance,and hygienic care than were *** Birth outcomes in a poor rural popula tion improved greatly through a low cost,potentially sustainable and scalable,participatory intervention

关键词：新生儿死亡率护理培训循环法产前护理围生期公共医疗健康护理随机对照试验干预组随机分配