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Resistance of stored bean varieties to Acanthoscelides obtectus （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）

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Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 317-326页

作者： Edson l.l. Baldin Fernando M. lara Department of Plant Production-Faculty of Agronomic Sciences/Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Sao Paulo State Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agranan and Veterinary Sciences / Sao Paulo State University Zip Code 14884-900 Jaboticabal Sao Paulo State Brazil

During bean seed storage, yield can be lost due to infestations of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, the bean weevil. The use of resistant varieties has shown promising results in fighting these insects, reducing infestation levels and eliminating chemical residues from the beans. The expression of resistance to A. obtectus in bean varieties is frequently attributed to the presence of phytohemagglutinins, protease inhibitors and alpha-amylase, and especially to variants of the protein arcelin, which reduce the larval viability of these insects. To evaluate the effect of bean seed storage time on the resistance expression of bean varieties to A. obtectus, tests with seeds of three ages （freshly-harvested, 4-month-old, and 8-monthold） were conducted in the laboratory, using four commercial varieties： Carioca Pitoco, Ipa 6, Porrillo 70, Onix; four improved varieties containing arcelin protein： Arc. 1, Arc.2, Arc. 3, Arc.4; and three wild varieties also containing arcelin protein： ***, Arc.3S, and Arc. 5S. The Arc.5S, ***, and Arc.2 varieties expressed high antibiosis levels against the weevil; Arc.1 and Arc3S expressed the same mechanism, but at lower levels. The occurrence of oviposition non-preference was also observed in Arc.5S and Arc. 1S. The Arc.3 and Arc. 4 varieties expressed low feeding non-preference levels against A. obtectus. The expression of resistance in arcelin-bearing, wild or improved varieties was affected during the storage of seeds, and was high under some parameters but low in others. The results showed that addition of chemical resistance factors such as protein arcelin via genetic breeding may be beneficial in improving the performance of bean crops.

关键词： antibiosis antixenosis bean weevil host plant resistance Phaseolus vulgaris

INFlUENCE OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOl ON THE STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF THE Co-Ni AllOY PlATED BY ElECTRODEPOSITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第1期21卷 50-56页

作者： S.l. Wang l.l. Hong W.W. Yu Department of Applied Chemistry College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Quanzhou 362021 China

The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol （BD） on the deposition behavior of the Co-Ni alloy was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry. The results showed that BD could prevent the deposition of the Co-Ni alloy. The effect of BD concentration in the sulfate plating bath, on the structure of the Co-Ni deposit was studied by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. As a result, BD could smoothen the deposit surface and decrease the diameter of the grain, but too much of BD was not good for the size of the grain. In general, a hexagonal close-packed （hcp） phase of the Co-Ni alloy, with a preferentially oriented （110） plane, was prepared by electrodeposition in the presence of BD. The Co-Ni alloy as a catalyst for the electro-oxidation of ethanol in alkaline medium was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The deposit plated from the bath containing BD possessed better electro-oxidation of ethanol performance compared with that of the deposit plated from only the sulfate plating bath, but too much of BD was not beneficial for catalytic activity. The Co-Ni film was suitable as a magnetic recording material.

关键词： Co-Ni 2-butyne-1, 4-diol (BD) Electrodeposition Electro-oxidation ethanol Magnetic property

NUMERICAl SIMUlATION OF CASTING'S MOlD FIllING PROCESS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2005年第6期18卷 724-730页

作者： J.X. Zhou R.X. liu l.l. Chen D.M. liao H. S. Wei State Key lab of Die and Mold Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Numerical simulation of casting＇s mold filling process is the main and the most important aspect of the foundry CAE technology. But it is time-consuming; it may take dozens of hours or several days. While with the development of computer hardware, numerical simulation of casting＇ s mold filling process has made rapid progress. The simulation results, therefore, have become more and more practical. This study tries to find some clues of the computational time of mold filling process. Firstly, this paper introduces mathematic model and the basic route of numerical simulation of casting＇s mold filling process. Then the computational time of mold filling process has been carefully studied, and some new and useful results have been gained from the study of the computational time. Finally, this paper has given some real applications of numerical simulation of casting＇s mold filling process.

关键词： numerical simulation mold filling process casting

Participation in cooperative prey capture and the benefits gained from it are associated with individual personality

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 561-567页

作者： James l.l. lICHTENSTEIN Colin M. WRIGHT lauren P. lUSCUSKIE Graham A. MONTGOMERY PINTER-WOllMAN Jonathan N. PRUITT Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

In animal societies, behavioral idiosyncrasies of the individuals often guide which tasks theyshould perform. Such personality-specific task participation can increase individual task efficiency,thereby improving group performance. While several recent studies have documented group-levelbenefits of within-group behavioral （i.e., personality） diversity, how these benefits are realized atthe individual.l.vel is unclear. Here we probe the individual.l.vel benefits of personality-driven taskparticipation in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. In S. dumicola, the presence of at leastone highly bold individual catalyzes foraging behavior in shy colony members, and all group con-stituents heavily compete for prey. We assessed boldness by examining how quickly spidersresumed normal movement after a simulated predator attack. We test here whether （1） participantsin collective foraging gain more mass from prey items and （2） whether bold individuals are less re-sistant to starvation than shy spiders, which would motivate the bold individuals to forage ***, we assembled colonies of shy spiders with and without a bold individual, added one preyitem, and then tracked the mass gain of each individual spider after this single feeding event. Wefound that spiders that participated in prey capture （whether bold or shy） gained more mass thannonparticipators, and colonies containing a single bold spider gained more total mass than purelyshy colonies. We also found that bold spiders participated in more collective foraging events andwere more susceptible to starvation than shy spiders, suggesting that the aggressive foraging ofbold individuals may represent a strategy to offset starvation risk. These findings add to the bodyof evidence that animal personality can shape social organization, individual performance, andgroup success.

关键词： animal personality, keystone individuals, social behaviour, task allocation.

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消费者行为学

700℃ ISOTHERMAl SECTION OF THE Pd-Ru-Gd PARTIAl PHASE DIAGRAM

作者： (美)希夫曼(Kanuk l.l. )等

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 1996年第5期9卷 329-332页

作者： K.H Zhang and l.l. Chen (Institute of Precious Metals, Kunming 650221, China)

The 700℃ isothermal section of the Pd-Ru-Gd partial ternary phase diagram containing more palladium than ruthenium was determined by X-rag diffraction analysis and optical microscopy. The section consists of seven single-phase regions,eleven two-phase regions and five three-phase regions. A new ternary compound Pd2RuGd2,which exhibits a tetragonal structure with a=0.7492 nm and c=0.7445 nm, has been found.

关键词： palladium ruthenium gadolinium phase diagram Pd-Ru-Gd ternary sgstem

PREPARATION OF Fe/Ni MUlTIlAYER FIlMS AND THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2002年第2期15卷 182-186页

作者： l.l. liu, X.F. Bi, S.K. Gong, H.B. Xu and X. Y. Yuan Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

FeNi multilayer films were prepared by EB-PVD technique. A modified TG-DSC apparatus was used to measure their Curie temperatures, which were around 7600C, lower than that of pure Fe thin films. The easy magnetization axis was in-plane. High temperature annealing in vacuum decreased the coercivity sharply. The saturation magnetization also changed with heat treatment. After annealing at the temperature equal to the substrate temperature during deposition, the saturation magnetization decreased.

关键词： multilayer film EB-PVD. Curie transition point saturation magnetization. coercivity

Deformation behaviors of Cu bicrystals with an inclined twin boundary at multiple scales

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第7期33卷 698-702页

作者： l.l.li Z.J.Zhang P.Zhang J.Tan J.B.Yang Z.F.Zhang Shenyaag National.l.boratory for Materials Science lastitute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyaag 110016 China

Cu bicrystals of different sizes with a sole twin boundary（TB） inclined at 45？with respect to the loading direction were deformed under unidirectional and cyclic loading, respectively. It is found that the slip bands（SBs） parall.l.to the TB can be activated near the TB at all scales without obeying the Schmid＇s *** is concerned with the local stress enhancement in the macroscale while it is more closely related to the scarce dislocation sources in the microscale. Moreover, a wedge-shaped zone formed near the TB in the microscale ascribed to the limited specimen size.

关键词： Bicrystal Micropillar Twin boundary Schmid factors Size effect

Study on Using Mixed Fuel of Jet Fuel/Gasoline as Fuel of Gasoline Engine

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第4期5卷 300-307页

作者： l.l. Ren B. Su J. Qu Oil Application Research Department POL Research Institute of Beijing Beijing 102300 China No. 2 Primary School of Pingguoyuan Beo＇ing 100041 China

This paper has integrated various methods such as laboratory physical and chemical analysis, engine bench test and actual road test, etc. to conduct a feasibility study on the emergency alternative fuel of gasoline by mixed jet fuel and gasoline. The study shows that both the evaporability and anti-knock quality decrease after mixing jet fuel with gasoline. While the mixing proportion increases, the engine power decreases and the fuel consumption increases gradually. When the proportion reaches 40%, the engine power drops by 5.3% to 11.7%, the fuel consumption rises by an average of 3.8%, and meantime the oil dilution and emission of the engine power become worse. Therefore, as for the gasoline engine, the mixed oil can only be used as emergency alternative fuel due to its harm to the engine.

关键词： Auto gasoline jet fuel emergency substitute engine.