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Effect of dietary near ideal amino acid profile on heat production of lactating sows exposed to thermal neutral and heat stress conditions

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journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 739-754页

作者： s.Zhang j.s.johnson N.l.Trottier Department of Animal science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA UsDA-ARs livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA

Background:Reduced protein diet manifested potential to mitigate heat production based on the concept of ideal amino acid profile.The hypothesis of this study was that lactating sows fed a low crude protein(lCP)diet with supplemental amino acid produce less heat compared to those fed a high crude protein(HCP)diet under both thermal neutral(TN)and heat stress(Hs)conditions.Methods:Thirty-two lactating sows were allotted to HCP(193 g CP/kg)and lCP(140 g CP/kg)diets under thermal neutral(TN,21±1.5°C)or cycling heat stress(Hs,32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime)conditions.Diets contained 0.90%sID lysine and 10.8 Mj/kg net energy.Positive pressure indirect calorimeters were used to measure gas exchange in individual sows with litters,and individual piglets on days 4,8,14 and 18.sow and litter weights were recorded on days 1,10 and 21.Results:sow total heat production(THP)was calculated by subtracting litter THP from sow+litter THP based on BW0.75.sow BW and body protein(BP)loss was greater for lCP diet compared to HCP diet in peak lactation(Pspectively)and throughout the entire lactation period(Pspectively)under Hs conditions.Heat-stressed sows fed HCP diet had higher(Pl temperature at 13:00(Pspiration rate at 07:00(Psows fed HCP diet.In sows fed lCP diet,those under Hs tended to have higher(P=0.098)rectal temperature at 13:00 and had higher(Pspiration rate at 07:00,13:00 and 19:00 compared to TN sows.The relationship between daily THP and days in lactation of sows fed lCP diet was quadratic(Pscending trend until day 14 and a descending trend from days 14 to 18.sows fed lCP diet had lower daily THP at day 18(Pse fed the HCP diet under Hs conditions.Conclusion:Reduction in THP in sows fed lCP diet was largely associated with THP on day 18 of lactation under Hs conditions.Feeding lCP diets alleviated the increased body temperature in

关键词： Amino acid Heat stress lactating sows low protein diet Total heat production

Hippo signaling and epithelial cell plasticity in mammalian liver development, homeostasis, injury and disease

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science China(life sciences) 2019年第12期62卷 1609-1616页

作者： Randy l.johnson Department of Cancer Biology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

A traditional view of cellular differentiation is unidirectional: progenitor cells adopt specific fates in response to environmental cues resulting in deployment of cell-specific gene expression programs and acquisition of unique differentiated cellular properties such as production of structural and functional proteins that define individual cell types. In both development and in tissue repair stem and progenitor cells are thought to both self-renew to maintain the pool of precursors and to expand to give rise to transient amplifying and differentiated cell types. Recently, however, it has become appreciated that differentiated cell types can be reprogrammed to adopt progenitor and stem cell properties. In the case of epithelial cells in the mammalian liver, hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells there is a significant degree of plasticity between these lineages that has been implicated in mechanisms of tissue repair and in liver pathologies such as cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the role of Hippo signaling, an emerging growth control and tumor suppressor pathway, in regulating epithelial cell plasticity in the mammalian liver and in this review, the role of cellular plasticity and Hippo signaling in regulating normal and abnormal tissue responses in the mammalian liver will be discussed.

关键词： liver homeostasis plasticity regeneration cancer Hippo pathway

The effect of acute aerobic exercise on central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in adults with diabetes:A randomized cross-over design

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journal of sport and Health science 2021年第4期10卷 499-506页

作者： Kimberley l.Way Angela s.lee stephen M.Twigg Nathan A.johnson Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Exercise and Sports ScienceUniversity of SydneyLidcombeNSW 2141Australia Charles Perkins Centre University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Boden Collaboration for Obesity NutritionExercise and Eating DisordersUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health Central Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Department of Endocrinology Diabetes CentreRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSW 2050Australia

Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with diabetes.Recently,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional aerobic exercise.Yet,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not known.The purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned outcomes.Methods:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over study.All participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 min.Results:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON groups.There was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for CON.For all other measures of central arterial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of HIIE appears to lead to a greater transient redu

关键词： Augmentation index Central systolic blood pressure Diabetes High-intensity interval exercise

The proteome of distal nerves: implication in delayed repair and poor functional recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1998-2006页

作者： song Guo Raymond M.Moore M.Cristine Charlesworth Kenneth l.johnson Robert j.spinner Anthony j.Windebank Huan Wang Department of Neurologic surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Biomedical statistics and Informatics Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Proteomics Core Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Chronic denervation is one of the key factors that affect nerve regeneration.Chronic axotomy deteriorates the distal nerve stump,causes protein changes,and renders the microenvironment less permissive for regeneration.some of these factors/proteins have been individually studied.To better delineate the comprehensive protein expression profiles and identify proteins that contribute to or are associated with this detrimental effect,we carried out a proteomic analysis of the distal nerve using an established delayed rat sciatic nerve repair model.Four rats that received immediate repair after sciatic nerve transection served as control,whereas four rats in the experimental group(chronic denervation)had their sciatic nerve repaired after a 12-week delay.All the rats were sacrificed after 16 weeks to harvest the distal nerves for extracting proteins.Twenty-five micrograms of protein from each sample were fractionated in sDs-PAGE gels.NanolC-Ms/Ms analysis was applied to the gels.Protein expression levels of nerves on the surgery side were compared to those on the contralateral side.Any protein with a P value of less than 0.05 and a fold change of 4 or higher was deemed differentially expressed.All the differentially expressed proteins in both groups were further stratified according to the biological processes.A PubMed search was also conducted to identify the differentially expressed proteins that have been reported to be either beneficial or detrimental to nerve regeneration.Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)software was used for pathway analysis.The results showed that 709 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the delayed repair group,with a bigger proportion of immune and inflammatory process-related proteins and a smaller proportion of proteins related to axon regeneration and lipid metabolism in comparison to the control group where 478 differentially expressed proteins were identified.The experimental group also had more beneficial proteins that were downregulated and more detrimental proteins that

关键词： chronic axotomy chronic denervation delayed repair distal nerve functional recovery nerve regeneration peripheral nerve prolonged denervation proteome sciatic nerve sciatic nerve transection

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断奶日龄对仔猪天然免疫短期和长期的影响

猪业科学 2019年第6期36卷 18-22页

作者：张振玲 salak-johnson j l Webb s R 徐州生物工程职业技术学院动物工程系

文章旨在研究断奶日龄对仔猪的天然免疫和皮质醇的短期及长期影响。对72头(来自12窝)杂交白毛仔猪随机分成2组断奶,断奶日龄分别为14d和28d,2组仔猪断奶后仍保留在原窝饲养至20周龄。分别在断奶前(记为d0)、断奶后第1、7、14天(短期)及... 详细信息

文章旨在研究断奶日龄对仔猪的天然免疫和皮质醇的短期及长期影响。对72头(来自12窝)杂交白毛仔猪随机分成2组断奶,断奶日龄分别为14d和28d,2组仔猪断奶后仍保留在原窝饲养至20周龄。分别在断奶前(记为d0)、断奶后第1、7、14天(短期)及断奶后8、12、16、20周(长期)对所有仔猪进行血样采集。结果表明,断奶日龄对仔猪的短期和长期的(断奶)应激反应均有显著影响,也会影响仔猪的白细胞群体数量和天然免疫功能。

关键词：日龄免疫猪应激断奶

British journal of General Practice论文摘要汇编——英国初级保健中全科医生健康状况及职业倦怠与患者安全的关系:一项横断面调查

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中国全科医学 2019年第27期22卷 3297-3297页

作者： HAll l H johnson j WATT I 本刊编辑部(整理) Univ leeds Sch Psychol Leeds W Yorkshire England Univ York Dept Hlth Sci Primary & Community Care York N Yorkshire England Univ leeds Sch Psychol Psychol Leeds W Yorkshire England

背景全科医生的健康状况不佳时职业倦怠水平较高。虽然在二级保健中,全科医生健康状况、职业倦怠水平与患者安全的相关性较差,但在初级保健中,尚未进行两者与患者安全关系的定量研究。此外,关于职业需求、职业倦怠及健康与患者安全关联... 详细信息

背景全科医生的健康状况不佳时职业倦怠水平较高。虽然在二级保健中,全科医生健康状况、职业倦怠水平与患者安全的相关性较差,但在初级保健中,尚未进行两者与患者安全关系的定量研究。此外,关于职业需求、职业倦怠及健康与患者安全关联的研究较少。目的通过调查职业变量(职业需求和支持)对全科医生健康状况和职业倦怠的影响,说明其是否与全科医疗中的患者安全相关联。设计与场所 2016年3月—2017年8月,在英国进行的一项横断面调查。方法共有232名全科医生完成了在线或纸质调查,测量健康状况、职业倦怠、职业需求和支持以及患者安全。结果93.8%的全科医生被视为可能患有轻微精神疾病,94.7%的全科医生患有轻度(22.0%)或严重(72.7%)疲惫,86.8%的全科医生患有轻度(37.9%)或严重(48.9%)脱离接触。结构方程模型(sEM)分析显示,在行政工作和随时待命上花费的时间较多和在医疗实践中感受到的支持较少与健康状况不佳相关,在医疗实践中感受到的支持较少与健康状况不佳又与过去3个月内报告的未遂事故可能性较高有关。在行政工作上花费的时间较多、每天诊疗患者数量较多、感受到的支持较少与职业倦怠水平较高有关,其与患者安全较差相关。结论医疗实践和个人层面应进行变革,以完善更健康的医生和患者工作环境,进一步提高患者在全科医疗中的安全性。

关键词：健康状况全科医生职业倦怠横断面调查初级保健安全性患者论文摘要

Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma M Coghill Timothy johnson Russell E Morris Ian l Megson stephen j leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom school of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral approach.However,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can occur.The most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural failure.The incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment used.An antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm intervention.However,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be advantageous.This review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

Managing arterial health in adults with metabolic diseases: Is high-intensity interval exercise the answer? Response to the commentary by lopes et al.

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journal of sport and Health science 2021年第4期10卷 510-512页

作者： Kimberley l.Way Angelo sabag Angela s.lee stephen M.Twigg Nathan A.johnson school of Exercise and Nutrition sciences Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityBurwoodVIC 3125Australia Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health lab University of Ottawa Heart InstituteOttawaON K1Y 4W7Canada NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia Central Clinical school Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2050Australia Department of Endocrinology Diabetes CentreRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSW 2050Australia Discipline of Exercise and sports science Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyLidcombeNSW 2141Australia Boden Collaboration for Obesity NutritionExercise and Eating DisordersUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia

Dear editor,We thank lopes et al.^(1) for their interest in our study and for writing an insightful commentary based on our findings,which were recently published in the journal of sport and Health science,^(2) and for their work.^(3) As noted by the authors,there is consistency in several key findings between our laboratories,and this should serve as a basis for future investigation in this area.We agree that there has been little work examining the effect of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)on central arterial stiffness.

关键词： al. finding thank

Zircon geochronology reveals polyphase magmatism and crustal anatexis in the Buchan Block,NE scotland:Implications for the Grampian Orogeny

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第6期8卷 1469-1478页

作者： T.E.johnson C.l.Kirkland D.R.Viete s.Fischer s.M.Reddy N.j.Evans B.j.McDonald Department of Applied Geology The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)CET-Curtin NodeJohn de Laeter CentreCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Morton K.Blaustein Department of Earth&Planetary sciences Johns Hopkins UniversityOlin Hall3400 N Charles StreetBaltimoreMD 21218USA school of Earth&Environmental science University of St AndrewsIrvine BuildingNorth StreetSt AndrewsKY16 9ALScotlandUK

The type locality for high-temperature,low-pressure regional metamorphism,the Buchan Block in NE scotland,exhibits profound differences to the rest of the Grampian Terrane.These differences have led some to regard the Buchan Block as an exotic crustal fragment comprising Precambrian basement gneisses and cover rocks thrust into their current position during Grampian orogenesis.Although rocks of the Buchan Block are now generally correlated with Dalradian strata elsewhere,the origin of the gneisses and the cause of the high heat flow and associated magmatism is debated.We report sIMs U-Pb and lA-ICPMs Hf isotopic data in zircon from high-grade rocks from the northeast(Inzie Head Gneiss)and northwest(Portsoy)corners of the Buchan Block.Around Inzie Head,upper amphibolite to granulite facies metasedimentary gneisses coexist with diorite sheets that were emplaced contemporaneously with partial melting of their host rocks,at least locally.U-Pb geochronology indicates a crystallisation age for the diorite of 486±9 Ma.Highly-deformed diorites within the Portsoy Gabbro have a crystallisation age of 493±8 Ma.Ages of ca.490 Ma for magmatism and high-grade metamorphism,which are broadly contemporaneous with ophiolite obduction and the onset of orogenesis,are significantly older than the established peak of Grampian metamorphism(ca.470 Ma).We propose a new model for the Grampian Orogeny involving punctuated tectonothermal activity due to tectonic switching during accretionary orogenesis.Rollback of a NW-dipping subduction zone at ca.490 Ma produced a back-arc environment(the Buchan Block)with associated arc magmatism and high dT/dP metamorphism.Arrival of an outboard arc resulted in shortening(the initial phase of the Grampian Orogeny)at ca.488 Ma.Rollback of a NW-dipping subduction zone to the sE of the ca.488 Ma suture began at 473 Ma and led to lithospheric-scale extension,decompression melting and advective heating of the middle crust,producing the widespread ca.470 Ma Grampian(classic Barrovian and Buchan)regional metam

关键词： Dalradian Grampian Orogeny Buchan Block Zircon geochronology Magmatism Metamorphism