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Causes of Cretaceous subduction termination below South China and Borneo:Was the Proto-South China Sea underlain by an oceanic plateau?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 100-124页

作者： Suzanna H.A.van de lagemaat licheng Cao junaidi Asis Eldert l.Advokaat Paul R.D.Mason Mark j.Dekkers Douwe j.j.van Hinsbergen Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluMalaysia

The South China,Indochina,and Borneo margins surrounding the South China Sea contain long-lived arcs that became inactive at approximately 85 Ma,even though an embayment of oceanic crust(the‘Proto-South China Sea’)remained in the intervening region.This oceanic crust eventually subducted in the Cenozoic below Borneo and the Cagayan arc,while the modern South China Sea opened in its wake.To investigate the enigmatic cessation of Mesozoic subduction below South China and Borneo,we studied a fragment of oceanic crust and overlying trench-fill sediments that accreted to NW Borneo during the final stages of Paleo-Pacific subduction.Based on radiolarian biostratigraphy of cherts overlying the pillow basalts and detrital zircon geochronology of the trench-fill,we constrained the minimum age of the oceanic crust during accretion to 40 Ma.This shows that subduction cessation was not related to ridge subduction.Geochemical analysis of pillow basalts revealed an enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt signature comparable to oceanic plateaus.Using paleomagnetism,we show that this fragment of oceanic crust was not part of the Izanagi Plate but was part of a plate(the‘Pontus’Plate)separated from the Izanagi Plate by a subduction zone.Based on the minimum 40 Ma age of the oceanic crust and its geochemistry,we suggest that Mesozoic subduction below South China and Borneo stopped when an oceanic plateau entered the trench,while the eastern plate margin with the Izanagi Plate remained active.We show how our findings offer opportunities to restore plate configurations of the Panthalassa-Tethys junction region.

关键词： Proto-South China Sea Paleomagnetism Geochemistry Borneo Paleo-Pacific Izanagi Plate

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Upcycling the spent graphite/liCoO_(2) batteries for high-voltage graphite/liCoPO_(4)-co-workable dual-ion batteries

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International journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1745-1751页

作者： Miao Du Hongyan lü Kaidi Du Shuohang Zheng Xiaotong Wang Xiaotong Deng Ronghua Zeng Xinglong Wu Key laboratory for UV light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The worldwide proliferation of portable electronics has resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of spent lithium-ion batteries(lIBs).However,traditional recycling methods still have limitations because of such huge amounts of spent lIBs.Therefore,we proposed an ecofriendly and sustainable double recycling strategy to concurrently reuse the cathode(liCoO_(2))and anode(graphite)materials of spent lIBs and recycled liCoPO_(4)/graphite(RlCPG)in li^(+)/PF^(-)_(6) co-de/intercalation dual-ion batteries.The recycle-derived dualion batteries of li/RlCPG show impressive electrochemical performance,with an appropriate discharge capacity of 86.2 mAh·g^(-1) at25 mA·g^(-1) and 69%capacity retention after 400 cycles.Dual recycling of the cathode and anode from spent lIBs avoids wastage of resources and yields cathode materials with excellent performance,thereby offering an ecofriendly and sustainable way to design novel secondary batteries.

关键词： recycle lithium cobalt oxide lithium cobalt phosphate graphite dual-ion batteries spent lithium-ion batteries

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On the Trail of Self-Directed Online learners

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第2期7卷 406-419页

作者： Curtis j.Bonk 朱美娜 School of Education Indiana University201 N.Rose AvenueBloomingtonIN 4740lUSA Wayne State University

Purpose We describe a series of more than a dozen studies on self-directed online learning spanning over a decade.Design/Approach/Methods We incorporated surveys,interviews,focus groups,and content analyses into these research studies,which initially targeted the goals,motivations,and challenges of learners using open educational resources and OpenCourseWare and then focused on learning from massive open online courses(MOOCs).This research accelerated after creating a database of over 3,000 MOOC instructors,through which we explored cultural sensitivity and personalization practices in MOOCs as well as instructional design considerations and challenges,MOOC instructor professional development and career development,instructor motivation and engagement,and student and instructor perceptions of self-directed learning.Findings This study reveals that self-directed online learners(SDOls)seek learning environments offering freedom,choice,control,and a sense of autonomy and that both learners and instructors have intrinsic motivation for engaging in open online learning environments.Originality/Value Based on this research with both MOOC instructors and MOOC learners,we offer instructional design guidelines to address SDOls’needs and assist in efforts to foster a new generation of SDOls.

关键词： MOOCs motivation online learning self-directed learning self-management self-monitoring

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Weight regain after intragastric balloon for pre-surgical weight loss

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt Kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S jones Krzysztof j Wikiel Edward l jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many also with obesity-related comorbidities.This can place patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative complications.The intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well studied.AIM To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successful elective surgery after intragastric balloon placement,and weight management after balloon removal.METHODS This study is a retrospective review of patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective surgery.Clinical outcomes including weight loss,duration of balloon placement,successful elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were assessed.Exclusion criteria included those with balloon in place at time of study.RESUlTS Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective surgery.All patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible for balloon therapy.Elective surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip replacements.The average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were male.The average duration of intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 days.The average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of 30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight loss.Twenty-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom relief with weight loss alone.Twenty-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after balloon removed.In patients with weight regain at 3 months,they averag

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

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Impact of payment source, referral site, and place of residence on outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in Mexico

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World journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 76-87页

作者： Andrés Gómez-De león Yesica A lópez-Mora Valeria García-Zárate Ana Varela-Constantino Sergio U Villegas-De leon Xitlaly j González-leal Raúl del Toro-Mijares Anna C Rodríguez-Zúñiga juan F Barrios-Ruiz Victor Mingura-ledezma Perla R Colunga-Pedraza Olga G Cantú-Rodríguez César H Gutiérrez-Aguirre luz Tarín-Arzaga Elías E González-lópez David Gómez-Almaguer Hematology Service Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr.JoséEleuterio GonzálezMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMexico Hemato-logy Service Clínica Gómez AlmaguerMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico Hematology Service Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyTec SaludEscuela de Medicina Ignacio SantosMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico

BACKGROUND The impact of social determinants of health in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly described.This observational study analyzes the impact of place of residence,referring institution,and transplant cost coverage(out-of-pocket vs government-funded vs private insurance)on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT)in two of Mexico's largest public and private institutions.AIM To evaluate the impact of social determinants of health and their relationship with outcomes among allogeneic transplant recipients in Mexico.METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we included adolescents and adults≥16 years who received a matched sibling or haploidentical transplant from 2015-2022.Participants were selected without regard to their diagnosis and were sourced from both a private clinic and a public University Hospital in Mexico.Three payment groups were compared:Out-of-pocket(OOP),private insurance,and a federal Universal healthcare program“Seguro Popular”.Outcomes were compared between referred and institution-diagnosed patients,and between residents of Nuevo leon and out-of-state.Primary outcomes included overall survival(OS),categorized by residence,referral,and payment source.Secondary outcomes encompassed early mortality,event-free-survival,graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival,and non-relapse-mortality(NRM).Statistical analyses employed appropriate tests,Kaplan-Meier method,and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling.Statistical software included SPSS and R with tidycmprsk library.RESUlTS Our primary outcome was overall survival.We included 287 patients,n=164 who lived out of state(57.1%),and n=129 referred from another institution(44.9%).The most frequent payment source was OOP(n=139,48.4%),followed by private insurance(n=75,26.1%)and universal coverage(n=73,25.4%).No differences in OS,event-free-survival,NRM,or graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival were observed for patients diagnosed locally vs in another institution,nor pat

关键词： Hematopoietic cell transplant Social determinants of health Geography Haploidentical Out-of-pocket Financial toxicity Survival Health services and outcomes Hematopoietic malignancy Aplastic anemia

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Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) Version 15

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 599-604页

作者： john W.Orchard Ebonie Rio Kay M.Crossley jessica j.Orchard Margo Mountjoy School of Public Health University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia la Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3083Australia Department of Family Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

Background:Sports medicine(injury and illnesses)requires distinct coding systems because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports medicine coding.The Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System(OSIICS)is one of two sports medicine coding systems recommended by the International Olympic Committee.Regular updates of coding systems are required.Methods:For Version 15,updates for mental health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly important.Results:Recommended codes were added from a recent International Olympic Committee consensus statement on mental health conditions in athletes.Two landmark sports cardiology papers were used to update a more comprehensive list of sports cardiology codes.Rugby union protocols on head injury assessment were used to create additional concussion codes.Conclusion:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into multiple new languages in a timely fashion to facilitate international accessibility.The large number of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statements on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

关键词： Sports cardiology Dermatology Eye injuries Concussion Infectious diseases Sports injury classification

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high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion;laser±plasma interaction;liquid target;neutron detectors

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjamin M.Knight Connor M.Gautam Colton R.Stoner Bryan V.Egner joseph R.Smith Chris M.Orban juan j.Manfredi Kyle D.Frische Michael l.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mj, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mj, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an Ej-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 MeV. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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In vivo measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton l.Gattis jeffrey C.Wolchok Timothy j.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living cells.Fiber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue regeneration.This study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in vivo.Volumetric muscle loss(VMl)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley rats.NADH lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of glycolysis.In injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has occurred.These data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： lHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong li Ruo-Yu liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble well.UHE sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the bubble.In the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 PeV.The general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

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Oxidative Stress in Collegiate Cross Country Skiers in Mid- and Post-Seasons

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journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott P. jerome Kriya l. Dunlap Ava M. Parrish Matthew l. lowman Emily M. Shipman lawrence K. Duffy Arleigh j. Reynolds Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Biology & Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

Purpose: The oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis of overtraining syndrome argues that increased production of free radicals through exercise cause muscle fatigue and damage resulting in lower athletic performance. Several studies have investigated OS immediately before and after exercise bouts in a training macrocycle. Our study aimed to compare OS of endurance athletes between a competition macrocycle and the immediate post-season recovery macrocycle. In addition, we aimed to identify athletes who experienced an unexplainable drop in athletic performance during the competition season in order to compare their OS to those who experienced no drop in performance. Methods: Fifteen members of the University of Alaska Fairbanks cross country ski team volunteered for this study. Blood samples were taken in early February (“mid-season”) and late April (“post-season”). Participants completed questionnaires regarding physical activity and athletic performance at the time of the blood draws. Plasma was analyzed for 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide (NOX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Significance was determined by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Participants displayed significantly higher (p Conclusion: Signs of oxidative stress and mitigation during the post-season recovery macrocycle were higher in athletes who reported experiencing a drop in athletic performance during the competition season macrocycle.

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Superoxide Dismutase Athletic Performance Training Macrocycle

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