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Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate by a molecular noble metal-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 152-156页

作者： l.h.a Zhang lingjing chen huatian Shi Yue Wei Gui chen Tai-Chu lau School of Environment and Civil Engineering Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials City University of Hong Kong

Reducing CO2to carbon-neutral solar fuels can not only alleviate the energy demand but also mitigate the greenhouse *** present,developing an efficient non-noble metal photo/electrocatalytic system for converting CO2to a specific product beyond CO is still a big ***,we report a new cobalt complex bearing 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline ligand that can photocatalytically reduce CO2to formate （hCOO-）.Turnover number （TON） for hCOO-up to 677 with 99%selectivity can be achieved using organic dyes purpurin as photosensitizer and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-benzo[d]imidazole （BIh） as sacrificial reductant in a CO2-saturated NMP/TEA （v/v,3:1） solution under visible light *** potential electrolysis at-1.41 V （***/Ag Cl） in the presence of 12 m M Et3NhBF4also produced hCOO-with Faradaic efficiency of 39%.Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies suggest that a[CoI-h]species is the key intermediate for CO2reduction.

关键词： photocatalysis noble metal-free CO2 reduction formate cobalt hydride

Preparation of low Ratio Magnesium Ccement by Acid leaching Treatment of Boron Mud

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 120-129页

作者： YANG Mei ZhANG Mingzhe chen hao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China School of Physical Science and Technology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110168China

The effects of liquid-solid ratio and reaction time on the leaching rate of magnesium at room temperature were investigated,as well as the effects of the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2),the amount of water added,and the amount of acid-impregnated slag dosed on the compressive strength and water resistance of *** results showed that the magnesium element in the boron mud could be maximally leached under the conditions of 1:1 concentration of hydrochloric acid at room temperature,liquid-solid ratio of 2.5 ml·g^(-1),and reaction time of 5 h,and the main products were amorphous SiO_(2) as well as a small amount of magnesium olivine which had not been completely *** lR-MOC prepared using the acid-soaked mixture could reach a softening coefficient of 0.85 for 28 d of water immersion when the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2) was 2.2,the amount of water added was 0 g,and the acid-soaked slag dosing was 40 wt%,which also led to an appreciable late-strength,with an increase of 19.4%in compressive strength at 28 d compared to that at 7 *** previous studies,lR-MOC prepared in this way has a final strength phase that is not the more easily hydrolysed 3-phase but the lath-like *** this phenomenon,we analyzed the mechanism and found that,during the acid leaching process,a part of amorphous SiO_(2) dissolved in the acid leaching solution formed a silica sol,in which Mg^(2+)played a bridging role to make the silica sol more *** the addition and hydrolysis of MgO,the silica sol gel coagulation slows down,providing a capping layer to inhibit the hydrolysis of the 5-phase crystals and providing some strength after *** amorphous SiO_(2) in the other part of the acid-impregnated slag generated M-S-h gel with Mg^(2+)and Oh-,which synergised with the dense structure composed of interlocking crystals to improve the water resistance of lR-MOC.

关键词： boron mud magnesium chloride-oxygen cement acid immersion water resistance silica sol

Engineering atomic Rb-N configurations to tune radical pathways for highly selective photocatalytic h2O2 synthesis coupled with biomass valorization

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 215-225页

作者： Jiaye li Shuang Pan Yihuang chen Qiong liu College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology (China) Institute of Analysis Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical CenterGuangzhou)

Photocatalytic oxygen reduction for hydrogen peroxide （h2O2） synthesis presents a green and costeffective production ***,achieving highly selective h2O2synthesis remains challenging,necessitating precise control over free radical reaction pathways and minimizing undesirable oxidative ***,we report for the visible light-driven simultaneous co-photocatalytic reduction of O2to h2O2and oxidation of biomass using the atomic rubidium-nitride modified carbon nitride（CNRb）.The optimized CNRb catalyst demonstrates a record photoreduction rate of 8.01 mM h-1for h2O2generation and photooxidation rate of 3.75 mM h-1for furfuryl alcohol to furoic acid,achieving a remarkable solar-to-chemical conversion （SCC） efficiency of up to 2.27%.Experimental characterizations and DFT calculation disclosed that the introducing atomic Rb–N configurations allows for the high-selective generation of superoxide radicals while suppressing hydroxyl free radical *** is because the Rb–N serves as the new alternative site to perceive a stronger connection position for O2adsorption and reinforce the capability to extract protons,thereby triggering a high selective redox product *** study holds great potential in precisely regulating reactive radical processes at the atomic level,thereby paving the way for efficient synthesis of h2O2coupled with biomass valorization.

关键词： Free radical reactions

Si-C Foam Porous-Medium Combustion Power-Generation System for low-Calorific-Value Biomass Syngas

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 206-222页

作者： YANG Jianwen chen Wei CAO Bingwei lIU Xinhui lI hang College of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin University School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Changchun University

Syngas produced from the gasification of organic feedstocks from biomass is one of the clean and sustainable sources of *** advantages of simple access and renewability of biomass energy can meet the energy needs of temporary power *** study presents a biomass power-generation system for vehicular *** biomass and a free-piston Stirling engine generator（FPSEG） as the primary material and prime mover,respectively,biomass energy is converted into electricity by combusting the syngas to heat the *** and key parameter design for biomass gasification and thermoelectric conversion systems within a power generation system were performed.A porous medium area was constructed using Si-C foam ceramics to obtain an energy-conversion experimental *** effects of bed height,porosity,porous-region diameter,and air-intake conditions on the power-generation performance were investigated,and optimisations were performed for the thermoelectric conversion *** rate of increase during FPSEG power generation first increased and then decreased with increasing bed height,peaking at a bed height of 40 *** increasing porous-region diameter accelerated FPSEG power generation,whereas porosity changes in the porous media did not significantly affect the rate of change during FPSEG power *** increasing air intake,the rate of increase during power generation first increased and then *** maximum change rate and the highest thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the power-generation system occurred at 9.5 m3/h and 6.5 m3/h（～45.1%）air intakes,*** the thermal inertia and combustion structure of the thermoelectric conversion system significantly increased the power-generation rate of the system,with 1.8 W/s being observed at a 9.7 m3/h air intake.

关键词： biomass combined heat and power (ChP) gasification porous media combustion power generation

Direct joining of oxygen-free copper and carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic by friction lap joining

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 192-197页

作者： l.h. Wu K. Nagatsuka K. Nakata Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

Oxygen-flee copper （Cu） was successfully joined to carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic （CFRTP, polyamide 6 with 20wt% carbon fiber addition） by friction lap joining （FlJ） at joining speeds of 200-1600 mm/min with a constant rotation rate of 1500 rpm and a nominal plunge depth of 0.9 ram. It is the first time to report the joining of CFRTP to Cu by FlJ. As the joining speed increased, the tensile shear force （TSF） of joints increased first, and decreased thereafter. The maximum TSF could reach 2.3 kN （ 15 mm in width）. hydrogen bonding formed between the amide group of CFRTP and the thin Cu20 layer on the Cu surface, which mainly contributed to the joint bonding. The influence factors of the TSF of the joints at different joining speeds were discussed. The TSF was mainly affected by the joining area, the degradation of the plastic matrix and the number and the size of bubbles. As the joining speed increased, the influence factors varied as follows： the joining area increased first and then decreased; the degra- dation of the plastic matrix and the number and the size of bubbles decreased. The maximum TSF was the comprehensive result of the relatively large joining area, small degradation of the plastic matrix and small number and sizes of bubbles.

关键词： Friction lap joining Metal Plastic Carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastic Dissimilar materials joining

Boosting cationic and anionic redox activity of li-rich layered oxide cathodes via li/Ni disordered regulation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 533-543页

作者： Zewen liu Zhen Wu hao Wang Xudong Zhang Yuanzhen chen Yongning liu Shengwu Guo Shenghua chen Yanli Nan Yan liu State Key laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp ltd Network Information Center Xi'an Jiaotong University

lithium-rich layered oxides （llOs） are increasingly recognized as promising cathode materials for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries （lIBs）.however,they suffer from voltage decay and low initial Coulombic efficiency （ICE） due to severe structural degradation caused by irreversible O ***,we introduce a three-in-one strategy of increasing Ni and Mn content,along with li/Ni disordering and TM–O covalency regulation to boost cationic and anionic redox activity simultaneously and thus enhance the electrochemical activity of *** target material,li1.2Ni0.168Mn0.558Co0.074O2（l1）,exhibits an improved ICE of 87.2%and specific capacity of 293.2 mA h g-1and minimal voltage decay of less than 0.53 m V cycle-1over 300 cycles at 1C,compared to li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2（ls）(274.4 mA h g-1for initial capacity,73.8%for ICE and voltage decay of 0.84 mV/cycle over 300 cycles at 1C).Theoretical calculations reveal that the density of states （DOS） area near the Fermi energy level for l1 is larger than that of ls,indicating higher anionic and cationic redox reactivity than ***,l1 exhibits increased O-vacancy formation energy due to higher li/Ni disordering of 4.76%（quantified by X-ray diffraction Rietveld refinement） and enhanced TM–O covalency,making lattice O release more difficult and thus improving electrochemical *** increased li/Ni disordering also leads to more Ni2+presence in the li layer,which acts as a pillar during li+de-embedding,improving structural *** research not only presents a viable approach to designing low-Co llOs with enhanced capacity and ICE but also contributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of structural regulation in high-performance lIB cathodes.

关键词： Ice

Formation of Re-containing Carbides in a Second Generation Directionally Solidified Ni Base Superalloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第3期25卷 361-364页

作者： T. Zhao D. Wang J. Zhang G. chen l.h. lou School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

The precipitates at grain boundary in a directionally solidified Ni base superalloy after heat treatment, aging at 975℃, and creep rupture test have been characterized. Besides the primary MC carbides and fine particles of u phase, the Re-containing M23C6 was observed. The precipitation kinetics revealed that the formation of M23C6 was associated with the dissolution of u phase and MC carbides. TEM image shows that the continuous precipitation of M23C6 particles effectively hinders the dislocation movement and strengthens the grain boundaries. The high strength of the alloy suggests that M23C6 carbides are beneficial to the properties al.h.ugh Re as an important matrix strengthening element was consumed.

关键词： Ni-base Superalloys Directional solidification Rhenium Carbide

Metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1042-1057页

作者： Jiangjie chen Jinyang chen Chao Yu Kaishun Xia Biao Yang Ronghao Wang Yi li Kesi Shi Yuang Zhang haibin Xu Xuesong Zhang Jingkai Wang Qixin chen chengzhen liang Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Qiandongnan Prefecture People’s hospital KailiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society,mainly because of the severe after-effects they *** the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries,their effectiveness remains ***,a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic *** this review,we explore the metabolic changes that occur during spinal cord injuries,their consequences,and the therapeutic tools available for metabolic *** spinal cord metabolism is characterized by independent cellular metabolism and intercellular metabolic ***,spinal cord injury results in metabolic disorders that include disturbances in glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial *** metabolic disturbances lead to corresponding pathological changes,including the failure of axonal regeneration,the accumulation of scarring,and the activation of *** rescue spinal cord injury at the metabolic level,potential metabolic reprogramming approaches have emerged,including replenishing metabolic substrates,reconstituting metabolic couplings,and targeting mitochondrial therapies to alter cell *** available evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming holds great promise as a next-generation approach for the treatment of spinal cord *** further advance the metabolic treatment of the spinal cord injury,future efforts should focus on a deeper understanding of neurometabolism,the development of more advanced metabolomics technologies,and the design of highly effective metabolic interventions.

关键词： axons glycolysis metabolic reprogramming metabolism mitochondria neural regeneration neuroprotection oxidative phosphorylation spinal cord injury therapy

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization