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Impacts of major volcanic eruptions over the past two millennia on both global and chinese climates:A review

Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 61-78页

作者： Weiyi sun Deliang cHEN Guonian lÜ liang NING chaochao GAO Renhe ZHANG Bin WANG Jian lIU Key laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Regional climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden college of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200437China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Atmosphere-Ocean Research center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96825USA Jiangsu Provincial Key laboratory for Numerical Simulation of large Scale complex Systems School of Mathematical ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Open Studio for the Simulation of Ocean-climate-Isotope Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Major volcanic eruptions(MVEs)have attracted increasing attention from the scientific *** studies have explored the climatic impact of MVEs over the past two ***,proxy-based reconstructions and climate model simulations indicate divergent responses of global and china’s regional climates to ***,we used multiple data from observations,reconstructions,simulations,and assimilations to summarize the historical facts of MVEs,the characteristics and mechanisms of their climatic impact,and directions for future *** reviewed volcanic datasets and determined intensive MVE periods;these periods corresponded to the years 530–700,1200‒1460,and 1600‒1840 *** tropical MVEs,a substantial cooling effect is observed throughout the globe and china on the interannual-interdecadal time scales but an inconsistent cooling magnitude is detected between reconstructions and *** the first summer after tropical MVEs,a decrease in global and monsoonal precipitation is *** reconstructions and simulations,an increased precipitation is seen for the Yangtze River Basin,while large uncertainties in precipitation changes are present for other regions of *** drought can be induced by frequent eruptions and volcanism superimposed on low solar irradiation and internal *** affect climate directly through the radiative effect and indirectly by modulating internal variability,such as the El Niño‒Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).However,changes in the phase,amplitude,and periodicity of ENSO and AMO after MVEs and the associated mechanisms remain controversial,which could account for model-reconstruction ***,other internal variability,uncertainties in reconstruction methods and aerosol‒climate models,and climate background may also induce model-reconstruction *** gaps and directions for future research are also discussed.

关键词： Major volcanic eruption climate variability Mechanism Past two millennia Internal variability

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Rational surface charge engineering of haloalkane dehalogenase for boosting the enzymatic performance in organic solvent solutions

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chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 276-285页

作者： Yin Wu Yan sun Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Biocatalysis in organic solvents(OSs)has numerous important applications,but native enzymes in OSs often exhibit limited catalytic ***,we proposed a computation-aided surface charge engineering strategy to improve the catalytic performance of haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA in OSs based on the energetic analysis of substrate binding to the DhaA *** variants with enhanced OS resistance were obtained by replacing negative charged residues on the surface with positive charged residue(Arg).Particularly,a four-substitution variant E16R/E93R/E121R/E257R exhibited the best catalytic performance(five-fold improvement in OS resistance and seven-fold half-life increase in 40%(vol)dimethylsulfoxide).As a result,the overall catalytic performance of the variant could be at least 26 times higher than the wild-type *** spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the residue substitution mainly enhanced OS resistance from four aspects:(a)improved the overall structural stability,(b)increased the hydrophobicity of the local microenvironment around the catalytic triad,(c)enriched the hydrophobic substrate around the enzyme molecule,and(d)lowered the contact frequency between OS molecules and the catalytic *** findings validate that computationaided surface charge engineering is an effective and ingenious rational strategy for tailoring enzyme performance in OSs.

关键词： Surface charge engineering Organic solvent resistance Molecular dynamics simulation Haloalkane dehalogenase

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Nonaqueous potassium-ion full-cells:Mapping the progress and identifying missing puzzle pieces

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 384-399,I0010页

作者： Badre larhrib louiza larbi lénaïc Madec Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIPREMPauFrance Universitéde Haute-Alsace Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse(IS2M)CNRS UMR 7361F-68100 MulhouseFrance Universitéde Strasbourg F-67081 StrasbourgFrance Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie CNRS FR3459AmiensFrance Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel(IMN) CNRS UMR 6502Univ.Nantes44322 Cedex 3 NantesFrance

This review addresses the growing interest for potassium-ion full-cells(KIFcs)in view of the transition from potassium-ion half-cells(KIHcs)toward commercial K-ion batteries(KIBs).It focuses on the key parameters of KIFcs such as the electrode/electrolyte interfaces challenge,major barriers,and recent advancements in *** strategies for enhancing KIFc performance,including interfaces co ntrol,electrolyte optimization,electrodes capacity ratio,electrode material screening and electrode design,are *** review highlights the need to evaluate KIBs in full-cell configurations as half-cell results are strongly impacted by the K metal *** also emphasizes the importance of understanding solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation in KIFcs and explores promising nonaqueous as well as quasiand all-solid-state electrolytes *** review thus paves the way for practical,cost-effective,and scalable KIBs as energy storage systems by offering insights and guidance for future research.

关键词： K-ion full-cells Potassium-ion batteries cross-talk Solid-state batteries Potassium reactivity Electrolyte design Electrode design

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Effect of fore/aft-loaded rotor on compressor stability under inlet circumferential distortion

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 199-213页

作者： Dakun sun Benhao GU Fangfei NING Dengke XU Xiaofeng sun School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Research Institute of Aero-engine Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China

A modified small perturbation stability prediction model for axial compressors with circumferential inlet distortions is established and applied to investigate the effect of fore/aft-loaded rotor on compressor stability under circumferentially distorted inlet *** inlet total pressure distribution downstream of the distortion screen is measured in experiments and employed for simulations which are implemented via time-space spectral *** stall inception prediction results via the stability model indicate that the compressor with aft-loaded rotor not only performs better in terms of stability under uniform inlet,but also maintains a larger stability margin under circumferentially distorted *** experiments for compressors with fore-loaded and aft-loaded rotor are respectively carried *** results validate the reliability of numerical simulations and the predicted conclusion that the aft-loaded rotor is beneficial for compressor ***,the ability of the developed theoretical model for compressor stability prediction under circumferential distortions is *** addition,dynamic pressure signals at rotor tip measured in experiments illustrate that the circumferential distortion has little effect on the compressor stall pattern.

关键词： Axial compressor stability Inlet distortion Blade loading Small perturbation Time-space spectral method

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Effect of wire mesh casing treatment on axial compressor performance and stability

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 60-76页

作者： Ming ZHANG Jiaming ZHANG Jiahao HU Xu DONG Dakun sun Xiaofeng sun School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang Hangzhou 310023China National Key laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-Thermodynamics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

In this paper,a kind of Wire Mesh casing Treatment(WMcT)is proposed to improve the stable operating range of the *** contrast to the traditional circumferential groove,as for WMcT,a layer of wire mesh is laid on the surface of the circumferential *** studies were conducted on the low-speed axial flow compressor,including the groove width,axial location,and mesh *** optimum axial location for WMcT is related to its groove width.A higher wire mesh count results in a smaller compressor stall margin *** simulations were carried out to study the effect of WMcT on the flow structure of the *** wire mesh in the WMcT has a certain flow resistance,which restricts the flow into and out of the *** to the WMcT,the flow parameter in the tip region of the rotor is less sensitive to changes in the operating conditions of the *** WMcT causes the rotor tip blade loading to shift backward,inhibiting the formation of spill forward of the leakage flow,and thus improving the stability of the *** flow resistance on the groove surface is a new degree-of-freedom for the casing treatment designer.

关键词： Axial compressor Wire mesh casing treatment Tip clearance flow Stall margin Blade loading

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layer Hall effect induced by hidden Berry curvature in antiferromagnetic insulators

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 15-23页

作者： Rui chen Hai-Peng sun Mingqiang Gu chun-Bo Hua Qihang liu Hai-Zhou lu X.c.Xie Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech) International Quantum Academy Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Würzburg School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hubei University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering International center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking University collaborative Innovation center of Quantum Matter cAS center for Excellence in Topological Quantum computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The layer Hall effect describes electrons spontaneously deflected to opposite sides at different layers, which has been experimentally reported in the MnBi2Te4thin films under perpendicular electric fields. Here, we reveal a universal origin of the layer Hall effect in terms of the so-called hidden Berry curvature, as well as material design principles. Hence, it gives rise to zero Berry curvature in momentum space but non-zero layer-locked hidden Berry curvature in real space. We show that, compared to that of a trivial insulator, the layer Hall effect is significantly enhanced in antiferromagnetic topological insulators. Our universal picture provides a paradigm for revealing the hidden physics as a result of the interplay between the global and local symmetries, and can be generalized in various scenarios.

关键词： layerHall effect hidden Berry curvature antiferromagnetic insulator axion insulator, quantum transport

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Plant chemical Defenses against Insect Herbivores—Using theWild Tobacco as a Model

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第4期93卷 641-659页

作者： Guangwei sun Xuanhao Zhang Yi liu liguang chai Daisong liu Zhenguo chen Shiyou lü Hubei Provincial Tobacco Research Institute Wuhan430030China Shiyan Branch of Hubei Tobacco company Shiyan442000China State Key laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China

The Nicotiana genus, commonly known as tobacco, holds significant importance as a crucial economic crop. confrontedwith an abundance of herbivorous insects that pose a substantial threat to yield, tobacco has developed adiverse and sophisticated array of mechanisms, establishing itself as a model of plant ecological defense. Thisreview provides a concise overview of the current understanding of tobacco’s defense strategies against *** defenses, exemplified by its well-known tactic of secreting the alkaloid nicotine, serve as a potent toxinagainst a broad spectrum of herbivorous pests. Moreover, in response to herbivore attacks, tobacco enhancesthe discharge of volatile compounds, harnessing an indirect strategy that attracts the predators of the *** delicate balance between defense and growth leads to the initiation of most defense strategies only after aherbivore attack. Among plant hormones, notably jasmonic acid (JA), play central roles in coordinating thesedefense processes. JA signaling interacts with other plant hormone signaling pathways to facilitate the extensivetranscriptional and metabolic adjustments in plants following herbivore assault. By shedding light on these ecologicaldefense strategies, this review emphasizes not only tobacco’s remarkable adaptability in its natural habitatbut also offers insights beneficial for enhancing the resilience of current crops.

关键词： Tobacco herbivore chemical defense jasmonic acid regulation

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The Dbar-dressing method for the(2+1)-dimensional Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa equation

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 17-23页

作者： Shifei sun Biao li School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China

In this work,the(2+1)-dimensional Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa(DJKM)equation is studied by means of the ■-dressing method.A new ■ problem has been constructed by analyzing the characteristic function and the Green’s function of its lax *** on solving the ■ equation and choosing the proper spectral transformation,the solution of the DJKM equation is ***,the more general solution of the DJKM equation can be also obtained by ensuring the evolution of the time spectral data.

关键词： (2+1)-dimensional DJKM equation inverse spectral problem Green's function characteristic function ■-dressing method

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Spatial patterns of zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in response to environmental variables:a case study in the Yellow Sea and East china Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2024年第1期42卷 113-127页

作者： Song sun Haochen XIAN Xiaoxia sun Mingliang ZHU Mengtan lIU Key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Jiaozhou Bay National Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

The Yellow Sea(YS)and East china Sea(EcS)are highly dynamic marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific *** gain an in-depth understanding of zooplankton community structure,zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in summer 2017 in the YS and EcS were assessed using ZooScan imaging *** abundance and biovolume ranged 2.94–1187.14 inds./m^(3)and 3.13–3438.51 mm^(3)/m^(3),*** on the biovolume data of the categorized size classes of 26 identified taxonomic groups,the zooplankton community was classified into five groups,and each group was coupled with distinctive oceanographic *** the influence of the Yellow Sea cold Water Mass,the Yellow Sea offshore group featured the lowest bottom temperature(10.84±3.42℃)and the most abundant calanoids(mainly in the 2–3 mm size class).In the Yellow Sea inshore group,Hydrozoans showed the largest biovolume and dominated in the 3–4-mm and>5-mm size *** East china Sea offshore group,which was affected by the Kuroshio Branch current,featured high temperature and salinity,and the lowest bottom dissolved oxygen(2.58±0.5 mg/l).The lowest values of zooplankton abundance and biovolume in the East china Sea offshore group might be attributed to the bottom dissolved oxygen *** East china Sea inshore group,which was mainly influenced by the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal current and changjiang Diluted Water,was characterized by high chlorophyll a and the largest biovolume of carnivorous Siphonophores(280.82±303.37 mm^(3)/m^(3)).The changjiang River estuary offshore group showed the most abundant cyclopoids,which might be associated with the less turbid water mass in this *** temperature was considered the most important factor in shaping the size compositions of calanoids in different groups.

关键词： zooplankton size structure ZooScan Yellow Sea East china Sea

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Effect of nourishing Yin and purging fire chinese herbal mixture on delaying light-induced premature puberty in rats

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Journal of Traditional chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 95-102页

作者： sun Yanyan XUE Yuanyuan sun Wen WANG Yonghong YU Jian Department of Traditional chinese Medicine Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of Pediatrics Zibo Central HospitalZibo 255000China

OBJEcTIVE:To elucidate the mechanism of the nourishing Yin and purging fire chinese herbal mixture(NYPF)in delaying light-induced premature puberty in ***:Twenty-one days old female SpragueDawley rats were randomly assigned to normal group(N),long light exposure group(l),NYPF and normal saline group(NS).Rats in the l,NYPF and NS groups were exposed to 16 h:350 lux light/8 h:dark,while rats in the N group were exposed to 12 h:50 lux light/12 h:*** and normal saline was administered to the rats in the NYPF group or NS group,respectively,from day *** rats in every group were sacrificed at 9 *** day 28(P28),on the day when rat's vulva opened in the l group(l-VO),on the day when the first estrous interphase occurred in rats of l group(l-E1),and on the day when the second estrous interphase occurred in rats of l group(l-E2),***:On day 34,all rats in the l group,80%of rats in the NS group,40%of rats in the N group,and 20%of rats in the NYPF group showed complete opening of the *** P28,m RNA level of hypothalamic kisspeptin(Kiss-1)in the l group was significantly higher than that in the N group(Pl and NS groups had significantly lower hypothalamic argininephenylalanine-amide(RFamide)-related peptide 3(RFRP-3)m RNA levels than those in the N group(Plevel was significantly higher in the NYPF group than that in the l group(Pl-VO,the ovarian index of the l and NS groups was significantly higher than that of the N group(Pl(E2)level of the NYPF group was significantly lower than that of the N and NS groups(Plamic Kiss-1 m RNA level in the l and NS groups was significantly higher than that in the N and NYPF groups(Plamic RFRP-3 m RNA level in the l,NYPF,and NS groups was significantly lower than that in the N group(Pl-E1,E2 level of the l and NS groups was significantly higher than that of the N group(P<0.01),wher

关键词： light puberty precocious kisspeptins RFRP-3 melatonin Nourishing Yin and Purging Fire

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