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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica l.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Aligned Ion conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane‑Based El.c.rolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic chains for Solid‑State lithium–Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro letters 2025年第2期17卷 169-186页

作者： Bitgaram Kim Myeong‑chang Sung Gwang‑Hee lee Byoungjoon Hwang Sojung Seo Ji‑Hun Seo Dong‑Wan Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and chemical Engineering center Institute for Advanced Engineering(IAE)Yongin 17180Republic of Korea

A critical.c.allenge hindering the practical appl.c.tion of lithium–oxygen batteries(lOBs)is the inevitable problems associated with liquid el.c.rolytes,such as evaporation and safety *** study addresses these problems by proposing a modified polyrotaxane(mPR)-based solid polymer el.c.rolyte(SPE)design that simultaneously mitigates solvent-related problems and improves ***-SPE exhibits high ion conductivity(2.8×10^(−3)S cm^(−1)at 25℃)through aligned ion conduction pathways and provides el.c.rode protection ability through hydrophobic chain *** this mPR-SPE into solid-state lOBs resulted in stable potentials over 300 *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of an liO_(2)intermediate alongside li_(2)O_(2)during oxygen *** situ X-ray diffraction confirm the ability of the SPE to hinder the permeation of oxygen and moisture,as demonstrated by the air permeability *** present study suggests that maintaining a low residual solvent while achieving high ionic conductivity is crucial for restricting the sub-reactions of solid-state lOBs.

关键词： Solid polymer el.c.rolyte lithium-oxygen batteries Polyrotaxane ion conductivity Hydrophobic chain

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGcs). However, the use of tNGcs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their appl.c.tion to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGc would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the appl.c.tion of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGcs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGcs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGcs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGcs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal.c.aptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGcs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGcs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGcs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

MXene Hybridized Polymer with Enhanced El.c.romagnetic Energy Harvest for Sensitized Microwave Actuation and Self‑Powered Motion Sensing

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Nano-Micro letters 2025年第3期17卷 265-279页

作者： Yu‑Ze Wang Yu‑chang Wang Ting‑Ting liu Quan‑liang Zhao chen‑Sha li Mao‑Sheng cao School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Material Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144People’s Republic of China Key laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material.c.emistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

Polymeric microwave actuators combining tissue-like softness with programmablemicrowave-responsive deformation hold great promise for mobile intelligentdevices and bionic soft robots. However, their appl.c.tion is challenged by restricted el.c.romagneticsensitivity and intricate sensing coupling. In this study, a sensitized polymericmicrowave actuator is fabricated by hybridizing a liquid crystal polymer with Ti3c2Tx(MXene). compared to the initial.c.unterpart, the hybrid polymer exhibits unique spacechargepolarization and interfacial polarization, resulting in significant improvements of230% in the diel.c.ric loss factor and 830% in the apparent efficiency of el.c.romagneticenergy harvest. The sensitized microwave actuation demonstrates as the shortenedresponse time of nearly 10 s, which is merely 13% of that for the initial shape memory polymer. Moreover, the ultra-low content of MXene (upto 0.15 wt%) benefits for maintaining the actuation potential of the hybrid polymer. An innovative self-powered sensing prototype that combinesdriving and piezoel.c.ric polymers is developed, which generates real-time el.c.ric potential feedback (open-circuit potential of ~ 3 mV) duringactuation. The polarization-dominant energy conversion mechanism observed in the MXene-polymer hybrid structure furnishes a new approachfor developing efficient el.c.romagnetic dissipative structures and shows potential for advancing polymeric el.c.romagnetic intelligent devices.

关键词： Microwave absorption El.c.romagnetic response Energy harvest Self-sensing Soft actuator

Geochemical.c.aracterization of cretaceous sandstones from the Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria

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chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2009年第1期28卷 44-54页

作者： Odigi M.I. Amajor l.c. Department of Geology University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Geochemical studies of sandstones from the three lithostratigraphic successions in the southern Benue Trough of Nigeria were undertaken for a geochemical.c.aracterization of the sandstones, and to assess their strati-graphic and source evolution. Major and trace elements data were obtained from outcrop sandstone samples. The SiO2/Al2O3, Fe2O3/K2O ratios and caO contents have been used to characterize the cretaceous sandstones into Al-rich and high and low Fe2O3/K2O ratio sandstones. Results indicate that there are geochemical features that display stratigraphic trends across the succession from the Asu River Group, Eze-Aku Group to the proto-Niger Delta succession which may imply a discontinuous evolution from different source terrains of Precambrian and Mesozoic ages that supplied the sediments. The Asu River Group sandstones have lower SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and higher MgO; the Eze-Aku sandstones have higher TiO2, caO, alkalis and lower MgO while the proto-Niger Delta sandstones have higher SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and lower alkalis and caO. These discontinuities signify the influence of tectonic impulses that af- fected the southern Benue Trough during the cretaceous time. changes in ratios of TiO2/Al2O3, Fe2O3, cr and Zr suggest an increasingly mafic contribution to the depositional basin with time. The chemical index of alteration increases with time, possibly suggesting that a more intense weathering regime in the hinterland developed with time.

关键词：地球化学特征储层沥青烃源岩对比

AN ADAPTIVE EFG-FE cOUPlING METHOD FOR THE NUMERIcAl SIMUlATION OF EXTRUSION PROcESSES

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第5期21卷 380-388页

作者： l.c. liu X.H. Doug c.X. li National Die ＆ Mold cAD Engineering Research center Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

An adaptive EFG-FE coupling method is proposed and developed for the numerical simulation of lateral extrusion and forward-backward extrusion. Initially, the simulation has been implemented by using a conventional FE model. During the deforming process, mesh quality is checked at every incremental step. Distorted elements are automatically converted to EFG nodes, whereas, the less distorted elements are reserved. A new algorithm to generate EFG nodes and interface elements is presented. This method is capable of dealing with large deformation and has higher computational efficiency than using an EFG method wholly. Numerical results demonstrate that the adaptive EFG-FE coupling method has reasonable accuracy and is effective for l.c.l bulk metal forming such as extrusion processes.

关键词： Meshless method coupling method Numerical simulation Extrusion process

White Noise in Quantum Random Walk Search Algorithm

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chinese Physics letters 2006年第4期23卷 779-782页

作者：马雷杜江峰李筠李卉 KWEK l.c. OH c.H. Department of Physics Faculty of Science National University of Singapore 10 Lower Kent Ridge Singapore 119260 Department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 Hefei National laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University 1 Nanyang Walk Singapore 639798

The quantum random walk is a possible approach to construct new quantum search algorithms. It has been shown by Shenvi et al. [Phys. Rev. A 67（2003）52307] that a kind of algorithm can perform an oracle search on a database of N items with O（√N） calling to the oracle, yielding a speedup similar to other quantum search algorithms. We study the effect of white or Gaussian noise on this algorithm. The algorithm loses efficiency when noise is added. We also show that noise on the target state plays a more important role than that on other states. Finally we compare the effects of similar types of noise in the quantum random walk search algorithm and Grover＇s search algorithm.

关键词： White Noise Walk Search Algorithm

Direct Photolithography of WO_(x)Nanoparticles for High‑Resolution Non‑Emissive Displays

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Nano-Micro letters 2025年第3期17卷 297-309页

作者： chang Gu Guojian Yang Wenxuan Wang Aiyan Shi Wenjuan Fang lei Qian Xiaofei Hu Ting Zhang chaoyu Xiang Yu‑Mo Zhang laboratory of Optoel.c.ronic Information Technology and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China Hangzhou Bay laboratory of Advanced Nano‑Optoel.c.ronic Materials and Devices Qianwan Institute of CNITECHNingbo 315336People’s Republic of China Smart Materials for Architecture Research lab Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314100People’s Republic of China University of Science and Technology of china Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China State Key lab of Supramol.c.lar Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China

High-resolution non-emissive displays based on el.c.rochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy ***,the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron ***,we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand *** strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently(line widthlution for reported inorganic el.c.rochromic materials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited impressive el.c.rochromic performance,such as fast response(coloration efficiency(119.5 cm^(2) c^(−1)),good optical modulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as promising appl.c.tions in el.c.ronic logos,pixelated displays,flexible el.c.ronics,*** success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development(R&D)in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-el.c.ronics.

关键词： El.c.rochromic Direct photolithography WOx nanoparticles In situ photo-induced ligand exchange High-resolution displays

PREPARATION OF THE OPEN PORE AlUMINUM FOAMS USING INVESTMENT cASTING PROcESS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2001年第1期14卷 27-32页

作者： l.c. Wang and F. Wang (Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Institute, Taiyuan 030024, china) Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Institute

This paper briefly presents characteristics, appl.c.tion and development of the metall.c.foams. Sound specimen has been achieved with prepared foam aluminum by using investment casting process. The preparation of plaster prefabricated mould is one key in investment casting. Main composition, ingredient and affecting factors of plaster mould are also discussed and the vacuum-infiltrated shaping technique is found to be another important link. The penetration model and the affecting mechanism of the main parameters are also analyzed. As a result, the optimum values are determined.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Foamed products Foams Molds Plaster