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Observation and modelling of stimulated Raman scattering driven by an optically smoothed laser beam in experimental conditions relevant for shock ignition

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 160-178页

作者： G.Cristoforetti S.Hüller P.Koester l.antonelli S.Atzeni F.Baffigi D.Batani C.Baird N.Booth M.Galimberti K.Glize A.Héron M.Khan P.loiseau D.Mancelli M.Notley P.Oliveira O.Renner M.Smid A.Schiavi G.Tran N.C.Woolsey l.A.Gizzi Intense laser Irradiation laboratory INO-CNRINO-CNR56124 PisaItaly Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRSIP ParisEcole Polytechnique91128 PalaiseauFrance York Plasma Institute Department of PhysicsUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma'La Sapienza'00161 RomaItaly Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA33405 TalenceFrance STFC Rutherford Appleton lab Central Laser FacilityDidcot SN21SZUK Key laboratory for laser Plasmas(MOE) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China CEA DAMDIF91297 ArpajonFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyeres-le-ChatelFrance Institute of Physics ELI BeamlinesInstitute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences18221 PragueCzech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany

We report results and modelling of an experiment performed at the Target Area West Vulcan laser facility,aimed at investigating laser±plasma interaction in conditions that are of interest for the shock ignition scheme in inertial confinement fusion(ICF),that is,laser intensity higher than 10^(16) W/cm^(2) impinging on a hot(T>1 keV),inhomogeneous and long scalelength pre-formed plasma.Measurements show a significant stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)backscattering(;%-20%of laser energy)driven at low plasma densities and no signatures of two-plasmon decay(TPD)/SRS driven at the quarter critical density region.Results are satisfactorily reproduced by an analytical model accounting for the convective SRS growth in independent laser speckles,in conditions where the reflectivity is dominated by the contribution from the most intense speckles,where SRS becomes saturated.Analytical and kinetic simulations well reproduce the onset of SRS at low plasma densities in a regime strongly affected by non-linear landau damping and by filamentation of the most intense laser speckles.The absence of TPD/SRS at higher densities is explained by pump depletion and plasma smoothing driven by filamentation.The prevalence of laser coupling in the low-density profile justifies the low temperature measured for hot electrons(7-12 keV),which is well reproduced by numerical simulations.

关键词： plasma simulations shock ignition stimulated Raman scattering inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interaction

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Bright betatron radiation from direct-laseraccelerated electrons at moderate relativistic laser intensity

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第4期6卷 10-17页

作者： O.N.Rosmej X.F.Shen A.Pukhov l.antonelli F.Barbato M.Gyrdymov M.M.Gunther S.Zahter V.S.Popov N.G.Borisenko N.E.Andreev GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße164291 DarmstadtGermany Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen fur FAIR(HFHF) Campus Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Straße 1260438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf Universitatsstraße 1DusseldorfGermany York Plasma Institute University of YorkChurch LaneHeslingtonYork YO105DQUnited Kingdom University of Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya St.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia P.N.lebedev Physical Institute RASLeninsky Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussia

Direct laser acceleration(DlA)of electrons in a plasma of near-critical electron density(NCD)and the associated synchrotron-like radiation are discussed for moderate relativistic laser intensity(normalized laser amplitude a0≤4.3)and ps length pulse.This regime is typical of kJ PW-class laser facilities designed for high-energy-density(HED)research.In experiments at the PHElIX facility,it has been demonstrated that interaction of a 1019 W/cm2 sub-ps laser pulse with a sub-mm length NCD plasma results in the generation of high-current well-directed superponderomotive electrons with an effective temperature ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential[Rosmej et al.,Plasma Phys.Controlled Fusion 62,115024(2020)].Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations provide good agreement with the measured electron energy distribution and are used in the current work to study synchrotron radiation from the DlA-accelerated electrons.The resulting x-ray spectrum with a critical energy of 5 keV reveals an ultrahigh photon number of 731011 in the 1–30 keV photon energy range at the focused laser energy of 20 J.Numerical simulations of betatron x-ray phase contrast imaging based on the DlA process for the parameters of a PHElIX laser are presented.The results are of interest for applications in HED experiments,which require a ps x-ray pulse and a high photon flux.

关键词： intensity relativistic critical

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Proton deflectometry of a capacitor coil target along two axes

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 10-18页

作者： P.Bradford M.P.Read M.Ehret l.antonelli M.Khan N.Booth K.Glize D.Carroll R.J.Clarke R.Heathcote S.Ryazantsev S.Pikuz C.Spindloe J.D.Moody B.B.Pollock V.T.Tikhonchuk C.P.Ridgers J.J.Santos N.C.Woolsey York Plasma Institute Department of PhysicsUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK Centre lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance Institut fur Kernphysik Tech.Univ.Darmstadt64289 DarmstadtGermany Central laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotSTFCUKRIOxfordshireUK Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASMoscow 125412Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia lawrence livermore National laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94551USA ElI Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Radnicic 83525241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic

A developing application of laser-driven currents is the generation of magnetic fields of picosecond-nanosecond duration with magnitudes exceeding B=10 T.Single-loop and helical coil targets can direct laser-driven discharge currents along wires to generate spatially uniform,quasi-static magnetic fields on the millimetre scale.Here,we present proton deflectometry across two axes of a single-loop coil ranging from 1 to 2 mm in diameter.Comparison with proton tracking simulations shows that measured magnetic fields are the result of kiloampere currents in the coil and electric charges distributed around the coil target.Using this dual-axis platform for proton deflectometry,robust measurements can be made of the evolution of magnetic fields in a capacitor coil target.

关键词： strong magnetic field laser-driven coil targets laser-plasma interaction proton deflectometry laboratory astrophysics

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Time evolution of stimulated Raman scattering and two-plasmon decay at laser intensities relevant for shock ignition in a hot plasma

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 142-155页

作者： G.Cristoforetti l.antonelli D.Mancelli S.Atzeni F.Baffigi F.Barbato D.Batani G.Boutoux F.D'Amato J.Dostal R.Dudzak E.Filippov Y.J.Gu l.Juha O.Klimo M.Krus S.Malko A.S.Martynenko Ph.Nicolai V.Ospina S.Pikuz O.Renner J.Santos V.T.Tikhonchuk J.Trela S.Viciani l.Volpe S.Weber l.A.Gizzi National Institute of Optics CNRPisa and FlorenceItaly York Plasma Physics Institute University of YorkHe slingtonYorkUK Universite de Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalenceFrance Donostia International Physics Center(DiPC) Donostia/San SebastianBasque CountrySpain Dipartimento SBAI Universita di Roma La SapienzaRomaItaly National Research Nuclear University MEPhl MoscowRussia CEA DAMDIFArpajonFrance Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics Institute of Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic laser Plasma Department Institute of Plasma Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic Joint Institute for High Temperature RAS MoscowRussia ElI-Beamlines Institute of Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic FNSPE Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Universidad de Salamanca Ctr Laseres PulsadosSalamancaSpain Centro de laseres Pulsados(ClPU) VillamayorSalamancaSpain

laser–plasma interaction(lPI)at intensities 1015–1016 W·cm^-2 is dominated by parametric instabilities which can be responsible for a significant amount of non-collisional absorption and generate large fluxes of high-energy nonthermal electrons.Such a regime is of paramount importance for inertial confinement fusion(ICF)and in particular for the shock ignition scheme.In this paper we report on an experiment carried out at the Prague Asterix laser System(PAlS)facility to investigate the extent and time history of stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)and two-plasmon decay(TPD)instabilities,driven by the interaction of an infrared laser pulse at an intensity^1.2×1016 W·cm^-2 with a^100μm scalelength plasma produced from irradiation of a flat plastic target.The laser pulse duration(300 ps)and the high value of plasma temperature(~4 ke V)expected from hydrodynamic simulations make these results interesting for a deeper understanding of lPI in shock ignition conditions.Experimental results show that absolute TPD/SRS,driven at a quarter of the critical density,and convective SRS,driven at lower plasma densities,are well separated in time,with absolute instabilities driven at early times of interaction and convective backward SRS emerging at the laser peak and persisting all over the tail of the pulse.Side-scattering SRS,driven at low plasma densities,is also clearly observed.Experimental results are compared to fully kinetic large-scale,two-dimensional simulations.Particle-in-cell results,beyond reproducing the framework delineated by the experimental measurements,reveal the importance of filamentation instability in ruling the onset of SRS and stimulated Brillouin scattering instabilities and confirm the crucial role of collisionless absorption in the lPI energy balance.

关键词： plasma simulations shock ignition stimulated Raman scattering two-plasmon decay

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Switched forced SEIRDV compartmental models to monitor COVID-19 spread and immunization in Italy

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第1期7卷 1-15页

作者： Erminia antonelli Elena loli Piccolomini Fabiana Zama Department of Mathematics University of BolognaItaly Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of BolognaItaly

This paper presents a new hybrid compartmental model for studying the COVID-19 epidemic evolution in Italy since the beginning of the vaccination campaign started on 2020/12/27 and shows forecasts of the epidemic evolution in Italy in the first six months.The proposed compartmental model subdivides the population into six compartments and extends the SEIRD model proposed in[E.l.Piccolomini and F.Zama,PlOS ONE,15(8):1e17,082020]by adding the vaccinated population and framing the global model as a hybridswitched dynamical system.Aiming to represent the quantities that characterize the epidemic behaviour from an accurate fit to the observed data,we partition the observation time interval into sub-intervals.The model parameters change according to a switching rule depending on the data behaviour and the infection rate continuity condition.In particular,we study the representation of the infection rate both as linear and exponential piecewise continuous functions.We choose the length of sub-intervals balancing the data fit with the model complexity through the Bayesian Information Criterion.We tested the model on italian data and on local data from Emilia-Romagna region.The calibration of the model shows an excellent representation of the epidemic behaviour in both cases.Thirty days forecasts have proven to well reproduce the infection spread,better for regional than for national data.Both models produce accurate predictions of infected,but the exponential-based one perform better in most of the cases.Finally,we discuss different possible forecast scenarios obtained by simulating an increased vaccination rate.

关键词： Compartmental model with vaccine SEIRDV Switched model Hybrid model Forcing function Model calibration

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Sonic hedgehog signaling controls dentate gyrus patterning and adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 59-61页

作者： Francesca antonelli Arianna Casciati Simonetta Pazzaglia laboratory of Biomedical Technologies Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile(ENEA)

The morphogen Sonic Hedgehog(Shh)plays a critical role in the development of different tissues,both in invertebrates and vertebrates.Shh mediates its action via a receptor complex associating two transmembrane proteins:Patched1(Ptch1)and Smoothened(Smo).The repression exerted by Ptch1 on Smo is relieved when Shh,the ligand,binds to Ptch1,which leads to a complex signaling cascade involving the transcription factors of the Gli family and finally,to

关键词：神经发生信号刺猬声音无脊椎动物回转牙齿控制

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Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATlAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios l. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.l. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.l. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo l. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines l. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli l.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal l. Barak M. Barakat E.l. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATlAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced background.This paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATlAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATlAS experiment.Two taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet pseudorapidity.Differences in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATlAS JET QUARK GlUON TAGGING

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Characterization and stability measurement of deployed multicore fibers for quantum applications

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Photonics Research 2021年第10期9卷 1992-1997页

作者： DAVIDE BACCO NICOlA BIAGI IlARIA VAGNIlUCA TETSUYA HAYASHI ANTONIO MECOZZI CRISTIAN antonelli lEIF KOXENlØWE AlESSANDRO ZAVATTA CoE SPOC DTU FotonikTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Istituto Nazionale di Ottica(CNR-INO) Largo E.Fermi 650125 FlorenceItaly lENS and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Florence50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Department of Physics“Ettore Pancini” University of Naples“Federico II”Via Cinthia 2180126 NaplesItaly Optical Communications laboratory Sumitomo Electric IndustriesLtd.244-8588 YokohamaJapan Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of L’Aquila67100 L’AquilaItaly National laboratory of Advanced Optical Fibers for Photonics(FIBERS) CNIT67100 L’AquilaItaly

Multicore fibers are expected to be a game-changer in the coming decades thanks to their intrinsic properties,allowing a larger transmission bandwidth and a lower footprint in optical communications.In addition,multicore fibers have recently been explored for quantum communication,attesting to their uniqueness in transporting high-dimensional quantum states.However,investigations and experiments reported in literature have been carried out in research laboratories,typically making use of short fiber links in controlled environments.Thus,the possibility of using long-distance multicore fibers for quantum applications is still to be proven.We characterize here for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,in terms of phase stability,multiple strands of a four-core multicore fiber installed underground in the city of l’Aquila,with an overall fiber length up to about 25 km.In this preliminary study,we investigate the possibility of using such an infrastructure to implement quantumenhanced schemes,such as high-dimensional quantum key distribution,quantum-based environmental sensors,and more,in general,quantum communication protocols.

关键词： quantum fibers stability

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Cardiopulmonary bypass with brain perfusion for renal cell carcinoma with caval thrombosis

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第2期3卷 127-133页

作者： Alessandro antonelli Gianluigi Bisleri Irene Mittino Annalisa Moggi Claudio Muneretto Sergio Cosciani Cunico Claudio Simeone Chair and Division of Urology Spedali Civili HospitalUniversity of Brescia25127 BresciaItaly Department of Cardiac Surgery University of BresciaBresciaItaly

AIM: To compare a modified technique preserving brain circulation during cardiopulmonary by-pass(CPB) for radical nephrectomy and caval thrombectomy, to the standard technique.METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of an institutional database that collects the data of patients submitted to nephrectomy and removal of caval thrombosis with CPB since 1998. In period between 1998 and 2007, CPB followed a standard technique(group s CPB); then, since 2008, a variation in the perfusional technique was introduced, allowing the anterograde perfusion of brain circulation during circulatory arrest(group CPB + BP) with the aim to reduce the risk of ischemic damage to the brain and also the need of deeper hypothermia. Patients(age, gender, comorbidity) and tumor characteristics(side, histology, staging, level of thrombosis), as well as parameters of CPB(times of CPB, aortic clamping andcirculatory arrest, minimum temperature reached during hypothermia), intra- and perioperative morbidity(complications in general, bleeding, renal and hepatic failure) and mortality were analyzed and compared between 2 groups(s CPB vs CPB + BP)RESUlTS: The data of 24 patients, respectively 9 in s CPB group and 15 in CPB + BP group, have been reviewed. No differences in the characteristics of patients and tumors were observed. Only 1(11.1%) and 4(26.0%) of s CPB and CPB + BP patients, respectively, didn't experience any event of complication. In s CPB group were observed 15 events of complication(5 of which Clavien ≥ 3, 33% of the events), for a mean of 1.66 events/patient; 29 events(10 Clavien ≥ 3, 30.3%), in the CPB + BP group, for a mean of 2.1 events/patient. 1(11.1%) and 2(14.2%) deaths occurred, respectively. For patients submitted to CPB + BP, the minimum temperature reached was significantly higher(29.9 ℃ vs 26.4 ℃, P = 0.001), the time of circulatory arrest was longer(17.4 min vs 13.7 min, NS), but the overall time of CPB shorter(76.1 min vs 92.5 min, NS), albeit these latter differences were not statistically significant. No differences in

关键词： Renal carcinoma Vena cava thrombosis Cardiopulmonary bypass Cerebral perfusion Circulatory arrest

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沙棘果实成熟期一些生化成分的变化

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国际沙棘研究与开发 2009年第1期7卷 44-48页

作者：何京亮王涛 M. antonelli A. Raffo N. Nardo F. Paoletti 北京林业大学水土保持学院北京100083 国电菏泽发电有限公司山东菏泽274032 Istituto Speri mentale per la Frutticoltura-Via di Fio-ranello Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Ali menti ela Nutrizione-Via Ardeatina omaitaly54600178

为了分析沙棘浆果成分的组成特点(Hippophae rhamnoides l.),研究人员进行了若干关于品种、原产地、成熟时间的研究(Gao等,2000;Kallio等1999;Tang和Tigerstedt,2001).

关键词：生化成分果实成熟期沙棘酚类化合物类胡萝卜素研究人员组成特点成熟时间

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