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弹性成像派生的剪切波速度有助于区分克罗恩病动物模型中的肠纤维化和急性炎症

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第4期 379-379页

作者： J. Dill.a. R.W. Stidham P.D.R. Higgins D.S. Moons l.a. johnson J.M. Rubin 施逸兴 Department of Radiology Section of Pediatric Radiology University of Michigan Health System C.S. Mott Children 's Hospital1540 E Hospital Dr Ann Arbor MI 48109-4252

目的确定超声辐射压力脉冲派生的弹性成像的肠壁剪切波速度(SWV)能否区分克罗恩病动物模型的肠纤维化和急性炎症。材料与方法本研究经大学动物应用与保护委员会批准。对8只lewis鼠行一次三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)灌肠制作克罗恩病急性炎症模型... 详细信息

目的确定超声辐射压力脉冲派生的弹性成像的肠壁剪切波速度(SWV)能否区分克罗恩病动物模型的肠纤维化和急性炎症。材料与方法本研究经大学动物应用与保护委员会批准。对8只lewis鼠行一次三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)灌肠制作克罗恩病急性炎症模型,2d后对6只存活的大鼠进行影像检查。4周内对另外8只lewis鼠进行重复TNBS灌肠得到克罗恩病纤维化模型,待7d后急性炎症消散后,对存活的7只大鼠进行影像检查。对所有大鼠均行9次加压或不加压的经皮肠壁SWV测定。应用Studentt检验比较两组动物间加压或不加压时的平均SWV,并生成受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)以评估诊断效力。结果纤维化组大鼠的平均肠壁SWV在加压0[(3.4±1.1)m/s∶(2.3±0.5)m/s;P=0.047]和加压30%时[(6.3±2.2)m/s∶(3.6±0.9)m/s;P=0.02]明显高于急性炎症组大鼠。两组大鼠的平均SWV均随施加压力的增加呈线性增高,并且平均斜率(P=0.02)与y轴截距(P=0.02)在组间存在显著差异。应用SWV比率(平均SWV/施加的压力)在病理组织学上识别肠管炎和纤维化,其ROC曲线下面积为0.971。结论肠壁SWV有助于识别克罗恩病动物模型中的肠纤维化和急性炎症。

关键词：动物模型肠纤维化急性炎症克罗恩病局限性回肠炎肠炎剪切波速度弹性成像

Pressure-dependent phase transition of 2D layered silicon telluride(Si2le3)and manganese intercalated silicon telluride

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2373-2377页

作者： Virginia l. johnson Auddy Anilao Kristie J. Koski Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA

Two-dimensional(2D)layered silicon telluride(SizTes)nanocrystals were compressed to 12 GPa using diamond anvil cell *** measurements show a color change from transparent red to opaque black indicating a semiconductor-to-metal phase *** scattering was used to observe the stiffening of the crystal lattice and subsequent phase behavior.A possible phase transition was *** 9.5±0.5 GPa evidenced by the disappearance of the Atg stretching *** was intercalated with elemental manganese to^1 at.%.Intercalation lowers the pressure of the proposed phase transition to 7.5±1 *** modes show both phonon stiffening and phonon softening,suggesting negative linear *** results provide fundamental insight into the high-pressure optical phonon behavior of silicon telluride and illuminate how a specific electron-donating intercalant can chemically alter pressure-dependent optical phonon behavior.

关键词： silicon telluride Si2Te3 high pressure diamond anvil cell two-dimensional(2D)layered material

Plant glycosylphosphatidylinositol.a.chored proteins at the plasma membrane-cell wall nexus

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 649-669页

作者： Trevor H.Yeats Antony Bacic Kim l.johnson School of Integrated Plant Sciences Section of Plant Biology Cornell University Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARS Cornell University Austral.a. Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls School of Bio Sciences University of Melbourne la Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food Department of Animal Plant and Soil Sciences La Trobe University

Approximately 1% of plant proteins are predicted to be post-translationally modified with a glycosylphospha- tidylinositol （GPI） anchor that tethers the polypeptide to the outer l.a.let of the plasma membrane. Whereas the synthesis and structure of GPI anchors is largely conserved across eukaryotes, the repertoire of functional domains present in the GPl.a.chored proteome has diverged substantially. In plants, this includes a large fraction of the GPl.a.chored proteome being further modified with plant-specific arabinogalactan （AG） O-glycans. The impor- tance of the GPl.a.chored proteome to plant development is underscored by the fact that GPI biosynthetic null mutants exhibit embryo lethality. Mutations in genes encoding specific GPl.a.chored proteins （GAPs） further supports their contribution to diverse biological processes, occurring at the interface of the plasma membrane and cell wall, including signaling, cell wall metabolism, cell wall polymer cross-linking, and plasmodesmatal transport. Here, we review the literature concerning plant GPl.a.chored proteins, in the context of their potential to act as molecular hubs that mediate interactions between the plasma membrane and the cell wall, and their potential to transduce the signal into the protoplast and, thereby, activate signal transduction pathways.

关键词： GPI Plant glycosylphosphatidylinositol.a.chored proteins at the plasma membrane-cell wall nexus

Effect of dietary near ideal.a.ino acid profile on heat production of lactating sows exposed to thermal neutral.a.d heat stress conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 739-754页

作者： S.Zhang J.S.johnson N.l.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA USDA-ARS livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA

Background:Reduced protein diet manifested potential to mitigate heat production based on the concept of ideal.a.ino acid *** hypothesis of this study was that lactating sows fed a low crude protein(lCP)diet with supplemental.a.ino acid produce less heat compared to those fed a high crude protein(HCP)diet under both thermal neutral(TN)and heat stress(HS)***:Thirty-two lactating sows were allotted to HCP(193 g CP/kg)and lCP(140 g CP/kg)diets under thermal neutral(TN,21±1.5°C)or cycling heat stress(HS,32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime)*** contained 0.90%SID lysine and 10.8 MJ/kg net *** pressure indirect calorimeters were used to measure gas exchange in individual sows with litters,and individual piglets on days 4,8,14 and *** and litter weights were recorded on days 1,10 and ***:Sow total heat production(THP)was calculated by subtracting litter THP from sow+litter THP based on *** BW and body protein(BP)loss was greater for lCP diet compared to HCP diet in peak lactation(Ply)and throughout the entire lactation period(Ply)under HS ***-stressed sows fed HCP diet had higher(Pl temperature at 13:00(PlCP diet,those under HS tended to have higher(P=0.098)rectal temperature at 13:00 and had higher(Plationship between daily THP and days in lactation of sows fed lCP diet was quadratic(Pl day 14 and a descending trend from days 14 to *** fed lCP diet had lower daily THP at day 18(PlCP diet was largely associated with THP on day 18 of lactation under HS *** lCP die

关键词： Amino acid Heat stress lactating sows low protein diet Total heat production

Reduced protein diet with near ideal.a.ino acid profile improves energy efficiency and mitigate heat production associated with lactation in sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 587-601页

作者： Sai Zhang Jay S.johnson Mu Qiao Nathalie l.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA USDA-ARS livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China

Background:The study objective was to test the hypothesis that 1)lowering dietary crude protein(CP)increases dietary energetic efficiency and reduces metabolic heat associated with lactation,and 2)excessive dietary leucine(leu)supplementation in a low CP diet decreases dietary energetic efficiency and increases metabolic heat associated with ***:Fifty-four lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 3 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy):1)control(CON;18.75%CP),2)reduced CP with a near ideal or optimal.a. profile(OPT;13.75%CP)and 3)diet OPT with excessive leu(OPTlEU;14.25%CP).Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on day 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on day 1,4,8,14,18,and 21 of *** balance was measured on sows during early(day 4 to 8)and peak(day 14 to18)lactation,and milk was sampled on day 8 and ***:Over 21-day lactation,sows fed OPT lost body weight and body lipid(Plactation,sows fed OPT had higher milk energy output(PlEU tended(P=0.07)to have less milk energy output than OPT and did not differ from *** energy retention was lower(PlEU compared to CON sows,and did not differ between OPTlEU and OPT *** fed OPT had higher(Plk production compared to *** production associated with lactation was lower(Plower(P=0.082),respectively,in OPT and OPTlEU compared to CON ***:The OPT diet,in peak lactation,improved dietary energy utilization for lactation due to less urinary energy and metabolic heat loss,and triggered dietary energy deposition into milk at the expense of maternal lipid *** supplementation above requirement may reduce dietary energy utilization for lactation by decreasing the energy partitioning towards milk,partially explaining the effectiveness of OPT diet over CON diets.

关键词： Amino acid Energy balance Heat production lactating sows leucine Reduced protein diet

Social-ecological correlates of fundamental movement skills in young children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 122-129页

作者： Nan Zeng Susan l.johnson Richard E.Boles laura l.Bellows Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Colorado State University Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Purpose: To identify the social-ecological correlates associated with fundamental movement skills at the child, family, and environment levels in young ***: Preschool children from 4 Colorado Head Start/preschool centers were recruited from 2010 to 2012. Two hundred twenty-eight children(128 girls; age = 56.08 § 4.09 months; body mass index(BMI) z-score = 0.53 § 1.12(mean § SD); 42.1% Hispanic/latino) and 159 families were included in the final.a.alysis. Children's perceived competence and fundamental movement skills were assessed via the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social.a.ceptance and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2 nd edition. Data on the number of children in the family, parent age, BMI, education, employment status, family income, perception of child coordination, and home physical.a.tivity environment were collected via a questionnaire. linear regressions adjusted for child BMI, age, sex, and school site were performed at each ***: Child perceived cognitive competence was positively associated with locomotor skills(p = 0.04; adjusted R2= 0.035) and object-control skills(p = 0.003; adjusted R2= 0.083) at the child level. Parent education, BMI, and perception of child coordination were positively associated with locomotor skills and explained 8.8% of variance, but only parent education was significant(p = 0.04) at the family level. In addition, physical environment was positively associated with locomotor skills(p = 0.02) and explained 5.5% of variance at the environment ***: Social-ecological correlates associated with young children's fundamental movement skills are multidimensional.a.d differ according to skill category at the child, family, and environment levels.

关键词： Activity environment Fundamental movement skills Parent education Perceived cognitive competence Preschool children

Active l.a.ning of deep surrogates for PDEs:application to metasurface design

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 312-318页

作者： Raphaël Pestourie Youssef Mroueh Thanh V.Nguyen Payel Das Steven G.johnson Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA IBM Research AI IBM Thomas J Watson Research CenterYorktown HeightsYorktownNY 10598USA MIT-IBM Watson AI lab CambridgeMA 02139USA Iowa State University AmesIA 50011USA

Surrogate models for partial differential equations are widely used in the design of metamaterials to rapidly eval.a.e the behavior of composable ***,the training cost of accurate surrogates by machine l.a.ning can rapidly increase with the number of *** photonic-device models,we find that this training becomes especially challenging as design regions grow larger than the optical *** present an active-l.a.ning algorithm that reduces the number of simulations required by more than an order of magnitude for an NN surrogate model of optical-surface components compared to uniform random *** show that the surrogate eval.a.ion is over two orders of magnitude faster than a direct solve,and we demonstrate how this can be exploited to accelerate large-scale engineering optimization.

关键词： optimization surrogate faster

The effect of acute aerobic exercise on central.a.terial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in adults with diabetes:A randomized cross-over design

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 499-506页

作者： Kimberley l.Way Angela S.lee Stephen M.Twigg Nathan A.johnson Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Exercise and Sports ScienceUniversity of SydneyLidcombeNSW 2141Australia Charles Perkins Centre University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Boden Col.a.oration for Obesity NutritionExercise and Eating DisordersUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health Central Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Department of Endocrinology Diabetes CentreRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSW 2050Australia

Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central.a.terial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this *** aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central.a.terial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with ***,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional.a.robic ***,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not *** purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central.a.terial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned ***:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over *** participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 ***:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON *** was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for *** all other measures of central.a.terial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of

关键词： Augmentation index Central systolic blood pressure Diabetes High-intensity interval exercise

Adsorption kinetics of the herbicide safeners,benoxacor and furilazole,to activated carbon and agricultural soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 23-34页

作者： Saraswati Poudel.a.harya Jacob johnson Jennifer Weidhaas Civil.a.d Environmental Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Center for Science and Mathematics Education University of Utah155 South 1452 EastSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Chloroacetamide herbicides,namely acetochlor and metolachlor,are common herbicides used on corn and soybean *** safeners,namely benoxacor and furilazole,are commonly used in formulations containing chloroacetamide *** reports on adsorption of chloroacetamide herbicides are available,yet little information exists regarding adsorption potential of co-applied ***,the adsorption and desorption characteristics of selected herbicide safeners to granular activated carbon(GAC) and in agricultural soils are ***,soil column studies were performed to understand the l.a.hing behaviour of the herbicide Dual II *** sorption experiments of safeners to three agricultural soils and one GAC showed that adsorption was best fitted by the Freundlich *** Freundlich adsorption constant,Kf,for benoxacor and furilazole sorption onto three agricultural soils ranged from0.1 to 0.27 and 0.1 to 0.13(mg/g) x(mg/l)(1/n),*** Kf for benoxacor and furilazole to GAC was 6.4 and 3.4(mg/g) x(mg/l)(1/n),respectively,suggesting more favorable sorption of benoxacor to GAC than furilazole to *** sorption to soils was reversible as almost 40%-90% of both safeners was desorbed from three *** results were validated in four replicated soil column studies,where S-metolachlor was shown to l.a.h similarly to the safener benoxacor,originating from the herbicide *** l.a.hing of S-metolachlor and benoxacor was influenced by soil ***,these results show that safeners will move through the environment to surface waters similarly to the active ingredients in herbicides,but may be removed during drinking water treatment via GAC.

关键词： Herbicide safener Dual Ⅱ magnum Adsorption Granular activated carbon Soil column transport