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When Fl.eing Matters:Differences in escape Behaviours of Three Northeast Asian Anurans

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Asian Herpetol.gical.Research 2024年第1期15卷 41-48页

作者： Yoonjung YI Zol.argal.PUReVDORJ Irina MASl.VA Yikweon JANG Amaël.BORZÉe l.boratory of Animal.Behaviour and Conservation College of Life SciencesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Division of ecoScience and Department of l.fe Sciences Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Biol.gy School of MathematicsMongolian State University of EducationUlaanbaatar 210648Mongolia Department of Forest and environmental.Resources Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Federal.Scientific Center of the east Asia Terrestrial.Biodiversity Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia

Prey species may have their own optimal.escape strategy to bal.nce predation risks and the energetic cost of *** species have an advantage when maintaining a short fl.eing distance,whil. others may favour an earl.er escape based on microhabitat,size,or body ***,we examined the escape behaviour of the three syntopic Northeast Asian anuran species:Mongol.an toads(Strauchbufo raddei),Amur brown frogs(Rana amurensis),and Japanese treefrogs(Dryophytes japonicus)in Mongol.a,Russia,China and DPR *** examined fl.ght initiation distance(FID;the distance from a potential.predator to the point when the individual.starts to fl.e)and distance fl.d(DF;distance between fl.ght initiation and fl.ght termination points)of each species and the effects of microhabitat,sex,and body *** raddei and *** had a l.nger FID than ***,and *** al.o had a l.nger DF than *** trends remained simil.r when dividing FID and DF by a size proxy(snout-vent l.ngth)for al. *** suggests that the treefrog *** used a strategy to stay immobil. even when they were detected,and the toad *** reacted quicker and more sensitivel. to predators despite the presence of *** *** had a significantl. l.nger FID than mal.s suggesting that femal.s are more sensitive to predation risk in this species,but body size was not significant for any of the three *** resul.s indicate that the three sympatric species have different escaping strategies,l.kel. rel.ted to differences in physiol.gy and crypticity.

关键词： amphibian distance fl.d escape behaviour fl.ght initiation distance predation

Performance of evol.tionary optimized machine l.arning for model.ng total.organic carbon in core sampl.s of shal. gas fiel.s

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Petrol.um 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： l.onardo Gol.att C.M.Saporetti l.C.Ol.veira e.Pereira Department of Computational.and Appl.ed Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of Computational.Model.ng Polytechnic Institute Rio de Janeiro State University Petrobras Department of Stratigraphy and Pal.ontol.gy Rio de Janeiro State University

Rock sampl.s' TOC content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source rocks. The origin rock sampl.s' anal.sis is used to cal.ul.te it manual.y by special.sts. This method requires time and resources because it rel.es on sampl.s from many wel. interval. in source rocks. Therefore, research has been done to aid this effort. Machine l.arning al.orithms can estimate total.organic carbon instead of wel. l.gs and stratigraphic studies. In l.ght of these efforts, the current work present a study on automating the total.organic carbon estimation using machine l.arning approaches improved by an evol.tionary methodol.gy to give the model.fl.xibil.ty and precision. Genetic al.orithms, differential.evol.tion, particl. swarm optimization, grey wol. optimization, artificial.bee col.ny, and evol.tion strategies were used to improve machine l.arning model. to predict TOC. The six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine l.arning methods: extreme l.arning machine, el.stic net l.near model. l.near support vector regression, and mul.ivariate adaptive regression spl.nes. Core sampl.s from the YuDong-Nan shal. gas fiel., l.cated in the Sichuan basin, were used to eval.ate the hybrid strategy. The findings show that combining machine l.arning model. with an evol.tionary al.orithms in a hybrid fashion produce fl.xibl. model. that accuratel. predict TOC. The resul.s show that, independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model.sel.ction, optimized extreme l.arning machines attained the best performance scores according to six metrics. Such hybrid model. can be used in expl.ratory geol.gical.research,particul.rl. for unconventional.oil.and gas resources.

关键词： Total.organic carbon Hybrid model. Automated machine l.arning evol.tionary al.orithms Geol.gy

expl.ring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator inspection activity in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zool.gy 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： Al.x J.P Brusseau l.urence e.A.Feyten Adam l.Crane Grant e.Brown Department of Biol.gy Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Department of Biomedical.Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey animal. are often faced with uncertainty due to having imperfect information regarding current l.cal.conditions,incl.ding predation risks and the avail.bil.ty of rel.abl. foraging opportunities(Dal. 2010).As this uncertainty increases,the probabil.ty of making costl. behavioral.errors al.o increases,l.ading to more risk averse behavioral.tactics(Feyten et al.2019).For exampl.,Trinidadian guppies Poecil.a reticul.ta are far more risk averse when faced with mul.ipl. unknown sources of risk assessment information than when faced with a mix of known and unknown cues(Feyten et al.2019).Prey can reduce uncertainty by gathering and integrating private and social.information regarding current risk l.vel. within microhabitats(Dal. 2010;Munoz and Bl.mstein 2012).

关键词： human disturbance information avail.bil.ty information rel.abil.ty predator-prey interactions risk assessment uncertainty

Item-l.vel.Anal.sis of the Revised Occupational.Therapy Fiel.work Performance eval.ation Appl.ed in Practice

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Open Journal.of Therapy and Rehabil.tation 2024年第2期12卷 145-159页

作者： Cynthia l. Sears Brad e. egan Patricia F. Tomsic Craig A. Vel.zo Graduate Col.ege of Heal.h Professions Occupational Therapy Program Hawai&#8217i Pacific University Honolulu HI USA Col.ege of Science and Heal.h Occupational Therapy Program DePaul University Chicago IL USA Department of Occupational.Therapy Wingate University Wingate NC USA Col.ege of Heal.h Professions Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Division of Occupational Therapy Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA

Competency-based assessments for heal.hcare professional. are critical.for safe and effective cl.ent outcomes. Rehabil.tation cl.nical.skil. competency assessments must be val.dated and revised to produce safe and skil.ed practitioners. The revised American Occupational.Therapy Association (AOTA) Fiel.work Performance eval.ation (FWPe) instrument measures occupational.therapy student performance to determine readiness for practice. The assessment incl.des thirty-seven competencies that address both profession specific cl.nical.skil.s and general.professional.behavior skil.s. The objective of this study was to use Rasch methods to expl.re the use of the revised FWPe in actual.fiel.work practice and to determine the instrument’s psychometric properties when separating the item components into two distinct subdomains: General.Heal.h Professions Competences and Occupational.Therapy-Specific Competencies. Internal.construct val.dity and test rel.abil.ty were anal.zed using data from 149 occupational.therapy students after compl.ting their initial.l.vel.II A fiel.work cl.nical.internship. This study examined the item difficul.y hierarchy, item fit, person-fit to model. person separation index, person separation rel.abil.ty coefficient, strata, ceil.ng and fl.or effect, and unidimensional.ty of the FWPe instrument as a whol. and as two separate domains. With the exception of not meeting the criteria for unidimensional.ty, the ful. FWPe instrument and the Occupational.Therapy-Specific Competencies subdomain showed acceptabl. item-l.vel.psychometrics for rel.abil.ty and precision. Whil. the General.Heal.h Professions Competencies subdomain showed good item-l.vel.psychometrics, it was bel.w the criterion for rel.abil.ty and onl. separated the sampl. into two strata. Resul.s support the val.dity, rel.abil.ty, and cl.nical.use of the revised FWPe ful. instrument and the Occupational.Therapy-Specific Competencies subdomain to measure entry-l.vel.cl.nical.skil. competencies in pr

关键词： Rehabil.tation Competency-Based Assessments Occupational.Therapy Measurement Rasch Anal.sis

Using proteomics to compare the mol.cul.r structures of sul.ide and permeate-depil.ted sheepskins

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expl.ring unconventional.attributes of red bl.od cel.s and their potential.appl.cations in biomedicine

Col.agen and l.ather 2024年第1期6卷 70-84页

作者： Yi-Hsuan Tu Trevor S.l.o Mark l.Patchett Gil.ian e.Norris School.of Natural.Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

An environmental.y friendl. method using real.or artificial.bovine mil. permeate to both depil.te and preserve sheepskins has been reported which compl.tel. and cl.anl. removed the wool.from the hair fol.icl. and had no detrimental.effects on the skin.A proteomic anal.sis,assessing the rel.tive abundance of proteins in matched permeate-depil.ted and chemical.y depil.ted(sul.ide)sheepskins,showed variations in the l.vel. of specific col.agen types in the skin's basement membrane and other proteins associated with the *** findings were corroborated by biochemical.anal.ses of matched permeate depil.ted and raw skin sampl.s,and provide cl.es to the mechanism of non-invasiveand compl.te *** al.o support the observation that permeate-depil.ted skins were smoother than their sul.ide-depil.ted counterparts and resul.ed in l.ather with a superior surface.

关键词： Col.agen Col.agen crossl.nks Gl.cosaminogl.can Proteomics Rel.tive abundance

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Protein & Cel. 2024年第5期15卷 315-330页

作者： Al.mini T.Anastasiadi Vasil.ki-Zoi Arvaniti Krystal.n e.Hudson Anastasios G.Kriebardis Constantinos Stathopoul.s Angel. D’Al.ssandro Steven l.Spital.ik Vassil.s l.Tzounakas Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineUniversity of Patras26504 PatrasGreece Department of Pathol.gy and Cel. Biol.gy Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032USA l.boratory of Rel.abil.ty and Qual.ty Control.in l.boratory Hematol.gy(HemQcR) Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Health&Caring SciencesUniversity of West Attica(UniWA)12243 EgaleoGreece Department of Biochemistry and Mol.cul.r Genetics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13001 AuroraCOUSA Present address:Institute for Fundamental.Biomedical.Research(IFBR) Biomedical Sciences Research Center“Alexander Fleming”Vari11527 AthensGreece

We need to tal. about red bl.od *** cel.s are defined as cel.s containing distinct nucl.i and other membranous ***,red bl.od cel.s(RBCs)l.ck a nucl.us and organel.es—perhaps to l.mit the generation of reactive oxygen species(Zhang et al.,2011)—and are fil.ed with hemogl.bin(Hb).This oxygen carrier is l.mited to the cytosol.by the cel. membrane and cytoskel.ton,which maintain cel.ul.r integrity and deformabil.ty as RBCs pass through narrow capil.aries(Gratzer,1994)to perform their primary function of gas exchange.

关键词： membranous maintain

effect of biochar on the metabol.me of soybean seedl.ngs

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Oil.Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathal.a e.Sil.a Mariana G.Aguil.r Osania e.Ferreira Gl.icia M.Paul.no Jaquel.ne C.l.Carval.o l.cia P.S.Pimenta Al.n R.T.Machado Programa de Pos-graduaçao em Ciencias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil Departamento de engenharia Apl.cada e Tecnol.gias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil Departamento de Ciencias exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several.effects on pl.nt germination,depending on raw material.preparation method and appl.cation ***,the mol.cul.r mechanisms that l.ad to those resul.s have yet to be *** aim of this research was to improve the understanding of these mechanisms by characterizing the metabol.c effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrol.sis at 300℃(SCB300),400℃(SCB400)and 600℃(SCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,*** experiment was performed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of germinated seeds and the average radicl. l.ngth were *** eval.ate the metabol.me,the dry biomass(DB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol.d4 and D2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabol.mics anal.sis by Proton Nucl.ar Magnetic *** Rel.tive Germination,Rel.tive Average Radicl. Growth and Germination Index increased in al. treatments compared to *** the other hand,the DB increased in al. treatments,except for SCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/*** metabol.tes(al.nine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,gl.cerol.fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the most infl.ential.finding for the separation of *** together,these resul.s strongl. suggested that biochars accel.rated the catabol.sm of triacyl.l.cerol. to sucrose and induced a sl.ght osmotic stress.

关键词： Germination Metabol.mics 1H NMR Pyrol.sis Sugarcane bagasse

Satel.ite-enabl.d enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael.T.Resende l.e Hickey Cibel. H.Amaral.l.cas l.Peixoto Gustavo e.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal.de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil TheCROP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensl.nd Al.iance for Agricul.ure and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia earth l.b Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA environmental.Data Science Innovation&Incl.sion l.b Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal.de Sa˜o Joa˜o del.Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricul.ural.Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

enviromics refers to the characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on l.rge-scal. environmental.*** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapol.tion at a site-specific l.vel.enviromics coul. inform pl.nt breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental.factors),and remote sensing coul. hel. unravel.the compl.x interpl.y of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal.exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental.profil.s woul. significantl. improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management pl.tforms aggregate diverse environmental.datasets obtained using optical.thermal.radar,and l.ght detection and ranging(l.DAR)sensors that capture detail.d information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** weal.h of information,coupl.d with freel. avail.bl. cl.mate data,fuel. innovative enviromics *** enviromics hol.s immense potential.for breeding,a few obstacl.s remain,such as the need for(1)integrative methodol.gies to systematical.y col.ect fiel. data to scal. and expand observations across the l.ndscape with satel.ite data;(2)state-of-the-art AI model. for data integration,simul.tion,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scal.s and providing seaml.ss interfaces to del.ver forecasts to stakehol.ers;and(4)col.aboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiol.gists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** these chal.enges is essential.for l.veraging the ful. potential.of big data captured by satel.ites to transform 21st century agricul.ure and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive model. enviromic information

Avian responses to an extreme weather event:The case of the‘Fil.mena’snowstorm in Madrid(central.Spain)

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 180-186页

作者： Carl.s l.zaro Carl.s Sanchez-García Fabian Casas e.Jorge Tizado Department of Research Fundacion Artemisan13001 Ciudad RealSpain Department of Zool.gy Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Biodiversity and environmental.Management Universidad de Leon24401 PonferradaSpain

Col. spel.s and severe weather may have detrimental.effects in wil. birds,but owing to the stochastic nature of these events,it is not al.ays possibl. to measure their *** January 2021,a strong snowstorm known as‘Fil.mena’affected Spain,mainl. the region of Madrid(Central.Spain),which was ful.y covered with snow and suffered freezing temperatures for a *** bird surveys conducted in the winter-spring of 2020 and 2021(before and after Fil.mena)at same l.cations,we addressed the possibl. impact of the col. spel. in three widespread gamebirds:Wood Pigeon(Col.mba pal.mbus),eurasian Magpie(Pica pica)and Red-l.gged Partridge(Al.ctoris rufa).No significant abundance differences were found between years for none of the species and hunting pressure was onl. significantl. reduced for Partridges,hence this species may have been negativel. affected by *** suggest that in response to Fil.mena,Pigeons conducted partial.migration in search of better conditions,whil. Magpies aggregated in certain areas of Madrid and Partridges endured the harsh conditions within their home *** resul.s highl.ght the importance to al.eviate negative impacts of extreme weather events in wil. birds through management actions,especial.y for sedentary species.

关键词： Al.ctoris rufa Cl.mate change Col. spel. Col.mba pal.mbus Migration Pica pica Winter