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Why Vol.ntary Postural.Training Improves Recovery of Mental.and Motor Functions in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury?

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2013年第6期3卷 463-473页

作者： l. zhavoronkova A. Zharikova O. Maksakova Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute Department of Neurorehabilitation Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Moscow Russia Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiol.gy Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiol.gy Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute Department of Neurorehabilitation Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Moscow Russia

There are data about the positive effect of rehabil.tation with postural.training in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Brain mechanisms of functional.recovery have been investigated insufficientl.. In this study, functional.recovery was examined in TBI patients with primary motor (20 patients) or higher mental.impairment (10 patients)—post-traumatic Korsakov syndrome compared to heal.hy vol.nteers (n = 20). Integral.cl.nical. stabil.graphic, and EEG approach was used as a tool.for estimation of functional.deficit in TBI patients before and after rehabil.tation course. Specific al.erations of stabil.graphic and EEG parameters were observed in TBI patients with primary motor or mental.deficit before rehabil.tation. Rehabil.tation course with postural.training improved recovery of al. functions in both patient groups. To understand brain mechanisms of rehabil.tation, we examined EEG findings during standing and postural.task performance in heal.hy vol.nteers (n = 10). EEG coherence increase was marked for different spectral.bands predominantl. in the right hemisphere and more in al.ha-2 and beta bands during postural.task performance. These EEG findings were discussed in rel.tion to rehabil.tation effect on TBI patients and proved that postural.training with visual.feedback may provoke primary activation of the right hemisphere and can serve as a trigger for integration of cortical.and subcortical.structures and for recovery of motor and higher mental.function in TBI patients.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabil.tation Postural Control EEG Coherence

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Dual.Tasking as Diagnostic and Rehabil.tation Tool.in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2020年第6期10卷 237-256页

作者： l. A. zhavoronkova O. A. Maksakova S. I. Moraresku E. M. Kushnir E. l. Pogosbekyan A. A. Indeeva Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiol.gy Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia N. N. Burdenko National.Medical.Research Center of Neurosurgery Moscow Russia Moscow State University Moscow Russia

Objective: Purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral.and brain activity impairments in patients after moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in comparison with the normal.ranges whil. dual.tasks performing. We woul. l.ke to eval.ate dual.tasking as diagnostic and rehabil.tation tool.and to test hypothesis of brain aging after mTBI. Material.and Methods: El.ctroencephal.graphic (EEG), stabil.graphic and cl.nical.study was performed in 11 patients (mean age 28.8 ± 8.4 years) for up to 1 - 12 months after a mTBI in comparison with 17 heal.hy subjects (26.7 ± 5.1 years). Al. the participants performed two motor and two cognitive tasks presented separatel., and simul.aneousl. (dual.tasking). Resul.s: Cl.nical.examination reveal.d predominantl. cognitive deficit in mTBI patients with intact postural.control. EEG data demonstrated coherence decrease for sl.w (del.a-theta) rhythms in frontal.temporal.areas predominantl. for l.ft hemisphere during cognitive tasks performance. In contrast, EEG coherence for sl.w spectral.bands increased in the same areas in heal.hy vol.nteers. EEG coherence increased for fast spectral.bands—al.ha2 and beta, predominantl. in right hemisphere whil. both heal.hy adul.s and patients performed motor components of dual.tasks. Rehabil.tation course with dual.tasks, l.d to a predominant reduction in cognitive deficits, and EEG coherence increases at the frontal.temporal.areas of the l.ft hemisphere. Concl.sions: Dual.tasks may be used as diagnostic tool.in patients after mTBI. This approach demonstrates predominant cognitive deficit, and l.ft hemispheric dysfunction in patients simil.r to el.erl. persons and support the hypothesis of brain aging after TBI. Pil.t studies al.o suggested rehabil.tation effect of dual.tasking in mTBI patients.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Cognitive and Motor Functions Dual.Tasks EEG Stabil.graphy Brain Aging

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