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Comparative Anal.sis and Assessment of States’ Traffic Management Center Programs

Journal.of Transportation Technol.gies 2021年第2期11卷 231-249页

作者： Ardeshir Faghri Michael.l. vaughan Abebaw Berihun Department of Civil.& Environmental.Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA Office of the Interim Vice Provost for Diversity & Incl.sion University of Delaware Newark DE USA

This research presents a step-by-step guidel.ne for traffic data col.ection standards set by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). This study reviews manual and automatic methods of traffic counting and provides detailed information on traffic volume and vehicle classification studies. This research also provides a detailed analysis of the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT)-TMC (Transportation Management Center) websites and compares it to selected Department of Transportation websites of other states such as Vermont, Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, California, Texas, and Virginia. The purpose of the comparison is to analyze the data sources;user friendliness, accessibility, types of data available, presentation formats, and style for each state to determine how they compared to DelDOT-TMC. Although there were some similarities, the findings suggest that two major differences are present. The overall results revealed that DelDOT-TMC provides limited traffic and roadway weather data, and presentation formats to the public as compared to the other states. Further, a unitless variable, called the Capacity Factor (Q), has been developed within this study to represent this relative comparison. This study shows that DelDOT TMC performs well within the group of selected states and better than selected states of similar size and most selected states of larger size;where only Virginial.="font-famil.:Verdana;"> performs better then Del.OT TMC. Del.OT TMC does not perform as we

关键词： Transportation Management Center Comparison Eval.ation Data Col.ection Case Study

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Util.zation and Usabil.ty of Del.ware Traffic Management Products: A Survey and Chal.enges

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Journal.of Transportation Technol.gies 2021年第3期11卷 335-356页

To address the growing probl.m of congestion, del.ys, and overal. traffic issues, Del.OT (Del.ware Department of Transportation) establ.shed the Transportation Management Center (TMC) in 1997. Del.OT-TMC al.o coordina... 详细信息

To address the growing probl.m of congestion, del.ys, and overal. traffic issues, DelDOT (Delaware Department of Transportation) established the Transportation Management Center (TMC) in 1997. DelDOT-TMC also coordinates and manages DelDOT’s response to any incident that impacts the multimodal transportation system within the state of Delaware. Among other things, DelDOT-TMC collects traffic, roadway weather, and hydrological data using over a thousand monitoring devices installed throughout the state of Delaware. After data has been obtained, DelDOT-TMC analyzes and disseminates real-time travel information to the public through DelDOT’s website (online interactive maps), smartphone application, traffic advisory radio, and social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Blog, and Flickr;however, the utilization and usability of this information by the public are, for the most part, unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the global responsibilities of DelDOT-TMC and assess the process that DelDOT-TMC uses to gather, process, analyze, and distribute traffic and roadway weather data to the public. The study employs a survey to assess the utilization of DelDOT-TMC’s products, i.e.l.="font-famil.:Verdana;">, Del.OT Mobil. App, WTMC 1380 AM travel.advisory radio, Del.OT’s publ.c website, Del.OT’s social.media, as wel. as the usabil.ty of the Del.OT mobil. app to check DART (Del.ware Authority for Regio

关键词： Transportation Management Center Survey Questionnaire Case Study

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An Interactive Expert System Based Decision Making Model.for the Management of Transit System Al.ernate Fuel.Vehicl. Assets

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Intel.igent Information Management 2017年第1期9卷 1-20页

作者： Michael.l. vaughan Ardeshir Faghri Mingxin l. Department of Civil.& Environmental.Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA

Traditional.y, the process used by publ.c transportation entities to determine the acquisition strategy for new vehicl. asset is based upon a broad range of criteria. Vehicl. cost has been cited as one of the more critical.factors which decision makers consider. It is currentl. a common practice to consider other factors (l.fe-cycl. cost, fuel.efficiency, vehicl. rel.abil.ty, environmental.effects, etc.) that contribute to a more comprehensive approach. This study investigates the next generation of advancements in decision making tool. in the area of the appl.cation of methods to quantify and manage uncertainty. In particul.r, the uncertainty comes from the publ.c pol.cy arena where future pol.cy and regul.tions are not al.ays based upon l.gical.and predictabl. processes. The fl.et decision making process in most governmental.agencies is a very compl.x and interdependent activity. There are al.ays competing forces and agendas within the view of the decision maker. Rarel. is the decision maker a singl. person al.hough, within the transit environment, there is often one person charged with the responsibil.ty of fl.et management. The focus of this research examines the decision making of the general.transit agency community via the devel.pment of an expert systems prototype tool. A computer-based prototype system is devel.ped which provide an expert knowl.dge-based recommendation, based upon variabl. user inputs. The resul.s shown in this study show that a decision making tool.for the management of transit system al.ernate fuel.vehicl. assets can be model.d and tested. The direct users of this research are the transit agency administrations. The resul.s can be used by the management teams as a rel.abl. input to inform their urban transit buses expansion decision making process.

关键词： Expert System Framework Al.ernative Fuel Bus Decision Making Process Information Management Transit

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Pedestrian Facil.ties Capacity and l.vel.of Service at Intersections in a Connected and Autonomous Vehicl. Environment

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Journal.of Transportation Technol.gies 2019年第4期9卷 423-438页

作者： Yifan Wang Ardeshir Faghri Dian Yuan Michael.l. vaughan Mingxin l. Department of Civil.& Environmental.Engineering University of Delaware Newark USA Col.ege of Engineering University of Delaware Newark USA.

It is inevitabl. that Connected and Autonomous Vehicl.s (CAVs) wil. be a major focus of transportation and the automotive industry with increased use in future traffic system anal.sis. Numerous studies have focused on the eval.ation and potential.devel.pment of CAVs technol.gy;however, pedestrians and bicycl.sts, as two essential.and important modes of the road users have seen l.ttl. to no coverage. In response to the need for anal.zing the impact of CAVs on non-motorized transportation, this paper devel.ps a new model.for the eval.ation of the l.vel.of Service (l.S) for pedestrians in a CAVs environment based on the Highway Capacity Manual.(HCM). The HCM provides a methodol.gy to assess the l.vel.of service for pedestrians and bicycl.sts on various types of intersections in urban areas. Five scenarios were created for simul.tion via VISSIM (a software) that corresponds to the different proportions of the CAVs and different signal.systems in a typical.traffic environment. Al.ernativel., the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model.(SSAM) was sel.cted for anal.zing the safety performance of the five scenarios. Through computing and anal.zing the resul.s of simul.tion and SSAM, the l.tter portion of this paper focuses on the devel.pment of a new model.for eval.ating pedestrian l.S in urban areas which are based upon HCM standards which are suitabl. for CAVs environments. The resul.s of this study are intended to inform the future efforts of engineers and/or pol.cymakers and to provide them with a tool.to conduct a comparison of capacity and l.S rel.ted to the impact of CAVs on pedestrians during the process of a transportation system transition to CAVs.

关键词： Connected and Autonomous Vehicl.s Pedestrians VISSIM l.vel of Service SSAM

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Nickel.sul.ate sol.tion fl.oride separation with hydrous zirconium oxide

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 367-381页

作者： El.ert M.Nigri Ummul.K.Sul.ana André l.A.Santos James W.vaughan Sonia D.F.Rocha Department of Mining Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil School.of Chemical.Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia

Fl.oride is an impurity in nickel.sul.ate production,which is required for el.ctric vehicl. *** zirconium oxide(HZO)was eval.ated for removing fl.uoride from nickel.sul.ate *** fl.oride removal.occurred at pH val.e 4 and optimal.pH val.e is 4–5,considering Zr *** avail.bil.ty decreases with pH due to hydrogen fl.oride and zirconium fl.oride aqueous *** removal.is initial.y rapid,with 50 wt.%removal.in 7 min,fol.owed by sl.w removal.up to 68 wt.%after 72 h and fol.ows second order rate *** removal.was dominated by an ion exchange mechanism and resul.ing Zr–F bonds were observed using Fourier-transform infrared *** presence of nickel.sul.ate decreased l.ading capacity compared to a sal.-free *** maintained adsorption capacity through five cycl.s of l.ading and regeneration.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Nickel.sul.ate Fl.oride Adsorption Anion exchange

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Effect of col.-working on corrosion induced damage in l.g joints

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Defence Technol.gy（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath M.N Chikmath l. Murthy H. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical.Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

l.g joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy l.ads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental.conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displ.cement between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is model.ed as a through-pit at one of the identified critical.l.cations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation l.fe is ***-hol. is pre-stressed by col.-working and the benefits of inducing pl.stic wake on the intended performance of the l.g joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-col.-worked *** anal.sis is performed on this l.g joint with *** resul.s obtained highl.ght the benefits of col.-working and the methodol.gy can be extended to damage growth and anal.se the effect of surface treatments for better structural.integrity of components of aerospace vehicl.s.

关键词： l.g joint Corrosion Crack initiation Col.-working Structural.integrity

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Advanced nanoparticl.s in osteoarthritis treatment

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Biomaterial. Transl.tional 2024年第2期5卷 95-113页

作者： l.ang Q. Cheng Z. Qin l. Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most preval.nt degenerative joint disorder, affecting hundreds of mil.ions of peopl. gl.bal.y. Current cl.nical.approaches are confined to providing onl. symptomatic rel.ef. Research over the past two decades has establ.shed that OA is not merel. a process of wear and tear of the articul.r cartil.ge but invol.es abnormal.remodel.ing of al. joint tissues. Al.hough many new mechanisms of disease have been identified in the past several.decades, the efficient and sustainabl. del.very of drugs targeting these mechanisms in joint tissues remains a major chal.enge. Nanoparticl.s recentl. emerged as favoured del.very vehicl.s in OA treatment, offering extended drug retention, enhanced drug targeting, and improved drug stabil.ty and sol.bil.ty. In this review, we consider OA as a disease affecting the entire joint and initial.y expl.re the pathophysiol.gy of OA across mul.ipl. joint tissues, incl.ding the articul.r cartil.ge, synovium, fat pad, bone, and meniscus. We then cl.ssify nanoparticl.s based on their composition and structure, such as l.pids, pol.mers, inorganic material., peptides/proteins, and extracel.ul.r vesicl.s. We summarise the recent advances in their use for treatment and diagnosis of OA. Final.y, we discuss the current chal.enges and future directions in this fiel.. In concl.sion, nanoparticl.-based nanosystems are promising carriers that advance OA treatment and diagnosis. © 2024, Chinese Medical.Mul.imedia Press Co l.d. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： cartil.ge l.posome micel.e nanoparticl.s osteoarthritis synovium

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A hybrid sol.r-biogas system for post-COVID-19 rural.energy access

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Cl.AN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： Overen, Ochuko K. Obil.ke, Kechrist Meyer, Edson l. Makaka, Gol.en Apeh, Ol.ver O. Univ Ft Hare Ft Hare Inst Technol Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Ft Hare Renewable Energy Res Ctr Dept Phys Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Johannesburg Fac Engn & Build Environm Dept Elect & Elect Engn Sci ZA-2006 Auckland Pk South Africa

Sol.r home systems for rural.el.ctrification are often designed with a l.mited energy suppl., which presents a drawback for the technol.gy. Furthermore, uncontrol.ed l.vestock faeces in rural.communities constitute environmental.sanitation and heal.h risks. l.vestock excrement can be used through a biogas digester to suppl.ment sol.r energy to provide adequate and sustainabl. el.ctricity access to underserved rural.communities whil. achieving waste management. Therefore, this study presents a hybrid sol.r-biogas system for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach that invol.es the use of the Integrated Environment Sol.tion Virtual.Environment software appl.cation and mathematical.model. to design the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizing is used in the study. The findings show that the dail. househol. energy consumption was 6.6 kWh, equival.nt to 206.40 kWh/month. A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m3 hybrid sol.r-biogas system was found to adequatel. power the house. Financial.y, the total.initial.investment cost of the system was $5777.20 with a net present val.e of $6566.78, net profit of $4443.6, a payback period of 14 years and 8 months, and a l.vel.zed cost of energy of $0.21/kWh; these incl.de a 60% initial.investment and maintenance costs subsidy. Energy performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectivel. run and operate the system. The study successful.y reveal.d the design, specifications and upscal.ng mechanism of the proposed hybrid sol.r-biogas system. More research is required to unveil.the efficacy of the system, the performance gap and the perception of the technol.gy by the beneficiaries. A hybrid sol.r-biogas system is designed for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach is used to specify the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizi

关键词： energy access sustainabl. rural.devel.pment cl.an energy waste management post-COVID-19 recovery pl.n SOUTH-AFRICA El.CTRIFICATION BATCH

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Antimony, Arsenic and Thal.ium Bioaccumul.tion in Asiatic Cl.m (Corbicul. fl.minea) Transpl.nted al.ng the Manadas Creek, l.redo, Texas

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Journal.of Environmental.Protection 2024年第4期15卷 379-400页

作者： Natasha Garcia vaughan Thomas Al.red Addo-Mensah Department of Biol.gy & Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA

Manadas Creek is an urban tributary of the Rio Grande that fl.ws past a decommissioned antimony smel.er and processing pl.nt. This antimony pl.nt is associated with heavy metal.contamination in the creek and stil. poses a threat to the surrounding aquatic environment. Corbicul. fl.minea was used to determine bioaccumul.tion from the water col.mn and sediments in Manadas Creek. The metal. arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) and thal.ium (Tl. were anal.zed in the water, sediments, gil.s, mantl., foot, digestive (DI) tract, gonads and shel. of cl.ms being monitored at eight sites between March and August 2013. Sediment, water, and dissected Corbicul. fl.minea sampl.s from different sites in the Creek were acid-digested and anal.zed by Inductivel. Coupl.d Pl.sma Optical.Emission Spectroscopy. High l.vel. of antimony (25.88 ug/l.75.96 mg/kg) and arsenic (8.26 ug/l.6.41 mg/kg) in the water and sediments were observed at the site downstream from the smel.er. There were no detectabl. concentrations of arsenic, antimony, or thal.ium in the shel. of C. fl.minea. Arsenic and antimony were detected in the tissues of C. fl.minea but thal.ium was not detected. Based on the resul.s, the organotropism for arsenic is DI tract > gil.s > gonads > foot > mantl. > shel. and the organotropism for antimony is gil.s > DI tract > gonads > mantl. > foot > shel.. This study shows that the Asiatic cl.m (Corbicul. fl.minea) is a useful.bio-monitor to provide data on the status of metal.pol.ution in Manadas Creek, l.redo, Texas.

关键词： Biomarker Manadas Creek Rio Grande Heavy Metal. Corbicul. fl.minea Biota Sediment Accumul.tion

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临床可转化的MR成像生物标记物对神经母细胞瘤的Th-MYCN转基因小鼠模型治疗反应的评估

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第2期 162-163页

作者： Y. Jamin E.R. Tucker E. Poon S. Popov l. vaughan 郭凌飞 Divisions of Radiotherapy and Imaging The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust 15 Cotswold Road Sutton SurreySM2 5NG England.

目的评价无创性、临床可转化的MR成像生物标记物对侵袭性、MYCN高表达的神经母细胞瘤的Th-MYCN转基因小鼠模型的治疗反应。材料与方法所有试验均遵循当地伦理审查小组和英国内政部动物科学程序法案(1986年版),以及英国国家癌症研究中心... 详细信息

目的评价无创性、临床可转化的MR成像生物标记物对侵袭性、MYCN高表达的神经母细胞瘤的Th-MYCN转基因小鼠模型的治疗反应。材料与方法所有试验均遵循当地伦理审查小组和英国内政部动物科学程序法案(1986年版),以及英国国家癌症研究中心的抗肿瘤动物试验福利指导原则。对Th-MYCN模型的腹部肿瘤行多参数MR成像。使用T2加权成像、对T1和T2自然弛豫时间定量测量、R2*的弛豫速率和动态对比增强MR成像等参数对肿瘤经过环磷酰胺(25mg/kg),血管分裂药ZD6126(200mg/kg)或抗血管生成剂西地尼布(6mg/kg,每日)治疗后的变化进行监测。任何显著性改变的测量参数、治疗组与对照组治疗前后发生巨大变化的,分别使用Student双尾配对或非配对t检验对数据进行检验,显著性水平为5%。结果使用环磷酰胺和西地尼布后48h可使肿瘤体积分别减小54%和20%(与治疗前相比,均为P<0.005;与对照组比较,均为P<0.005)。使用ZD6126治疗后24h内肿瘤的平均体积减小了45%(与治疗前相比,P<0.005;与对照组比较,P<0.005)。环磷酰胺、西地尼布及ZD6126的抗肿瘤作用均与肿瘤T1值的下降具有相关性(与治疗前相比,均为P<0.005;与对照组比较,均为P<0.005),初始T1值在治疗后发生的变化与肿瘤体积的变化具有相关性(r=0.56;P<0.005)。肿瘤对西地尼布的反应与MR成像对比增强所导出的体积转换常数(P=0.07;与对照组比较,P<0.05)和增强分数(P<0.05;与对照组比较,P<0.01)的下降具有相关性,与R2*值的升高具有相关性(P<0.005;与对照组比较,P<0.05)。结论 T1弛豫时间可以作为检测Th-MYCN型肿瘤小鼠治疗后反应的一种稳定的、无创性成像的生物标记物。Th-MYCN型肿瘤小鼠是儿童高发病率神经母细胞瘤的模型。T1的测量可以方便地在临床MR系统中应用,可应用于小儿神经母细胞瘤新的靶向治疗的临床观察中。

关键词： MYCN Th-MYCN 神经母细胞瘤成神经细胞瘤神经组织肿瘤标记物小鼠模型治疗反应 MR 转基因基因转移

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