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Journal.of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第6期6卷 35-55页

作者： robert l. France Gary Pardy Facul.y of Agricul.ure Dalhousie University Truro Canada Integral.Geomatics Sydney Canada

The util.ty of a spatial.y-expl.cit, exposure-based model.was examined for its suitabil.ty as a tool.for rapidl. assessing surface water vul.erabil.ty in watershed pl.nning. This simpl. GIS-model.uses three types of easil. obtainabl. spatial.information: (1) sources of l.nd use-induced change;(2) intensity of watershed drainage;and (3) sensitivity of drainage basins to change. This model.was appl.ed to the Thomas Brook watershed in Nova Scotia, Canada, which has been the site of previous studies, conducted over mul.ipl. years, using detail.d, effects-based, hydrol.gic model.. Doing so al.owed us the opportunity to compare the two approaches. Resul.s showed a good concordance in the derived mapped outputs between the two model.. Given the rapid ease and inexpensive cost of using the GIS, exposure-based model. we bel.eve it to offer great promise in terms of prioritizing l.cations for further study or for intervention of best management practices, as wel. as for pl.nning where to best direct future water-sensitive devel.pment through buil.-out anal.ses.

关键词： Watershed GIS Anal.sis Surface Water Vul.erabil.ty

Species in l.chen-forming fungi:bal.ncing between conceptual.and practical.considerations,and between phenotype and phyl.genomics

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Fungal.Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 99-154页

作者： robert l.cking Steven D.l.avitt David l.Hawksworth Botanischer Garten Und Botanisches Museum Freie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise-Str.6-814195 BerlinGermany Department of Biol.gy Brigham Young University4102 Life Science BuildingProvoUT 84602USA M.l.Bean l.fe Science Museum Brigham Young University1115 MLBMProvoUT 84602USA Department of l.fe Sciences The Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK Comparative Pl.nt and Fungal.Biol.gy Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmond TW92ABSurreyUK

l.chens are symbiotic associations resul.ing from interactions among fungi(primary and secondary mycobionts),al.ae and/or cyanobacteria(primary and secondary photobionts),and specific el.ments of the bacterial.microbiome associated with the l.chen *** question of what is a species,both concerning the l.chen as a whol. and its main fungal.component,the primary mycobiont,has faced many chal.enges throughout history and has reached new dimensions with the advent of mol.cul.r phyl.genetics and *** this paper,we briefl. revise the definition of l.chens and the scientific and vernacul.r naming conventions,concl.ding that the scientific,l.tinized name usual.y associated with l.chens invariabl. refers to the primary mycobiont,whereas the vernacul.r name encompasses the entire *** the same l.chen mycobiont may produce different phenotypes when associating with different photobionts or growing in axenic cul.ure,this discrete variation does not warrant the appl.cation of different scientific names,but must fol.ow the principl."one fungus=one name".Instead,broadl. agreed informal.designations shoul. be used for such discrete morphol.gies,such as chl.romorph and cyanomorph for l.chens formed by the same mycobiont but with either green al.ae or *** taxonomic recognition of species in l.chen-forming fungi is not different from other fungi and conceptual.and nomencl.tural.approaches fol.ow the same *** identify a number of current chal.enges and provide recommendations to address *** del.mitation in l.chen-forming fungi shoul. not be tail.red to particul.r species concepts but instead be derived from empirical.evidence,appl.ing one or several.of the fol.owing principl.s in what we cal. the l.R approach:l.neage(l.coherence ***(phyl.genetic component),phenotype(P)coherence ***(morphol.gical.component),and/or reproductive(R)compatibil.ty ***(biol.gical.component).Species hypotheses can be e

关键词： Al.ha taxonomy Beta taxonomy Biol.gical.species concept Cora Cryptic speciation Fungal.farmers Gamma taxonomy Infraspecies l.chens as ecosystems Machine l.arning Morphol.gical.species concept One fungus=one name Photomorph Phyl.genetic species concept Species pair concept Thamnol.a

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Mycetismus:a review

Gastroenterol.gy Report 2016年第2期4卷 107-112,I0001页

作者： Michael.R.Smith robert l.Davis Department of Surgery St.Barnabas HospitalBronxNYUSA Department of Surgery Lutheran Medical CenterBrooklynNYUSA

Al.hough rare,death from amanitin exposure poses a significant heal.h risk and a diagnostic chal.enge to the cl.nician due to its *** is one of the few conditions to be vol.ntaril. reported by heal.hcare *** antidote exists for this poisoning and,perhaps due to its rarity or l.ck of attention,the United States has l.gged behind Europe for al.ost three decades in treatment,diagnostics and *** regrettabl. fact warrants the formation of a central.zed agency for education,the advancement of research and the col.ection of data,to provide better treatment for the popul.tion.

关键词： amanita phal.oides mushroom poisoning amatoxin amanitin vitamin C cimetidine sil.binin N-acetyl.ysteine l.ver transpl.ntation Ganzert criteria King’s Col.ege criteria mycetismus Cl.chy criteria

Mol.cul.r phyl.geny of the genus Sticta (l.chenized Ascomycota: l.bariaceae) in Col.mbia

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Fungal.Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 205-231页

作者： Bibiana Moncada robert l.cking Al.jandra Suárez l.cenciatura en Biol.gía Universidad Distrital Francisco Joséde CaldasCra.4 No.26B-54Torre de LaboratoriosHerbarioBogotáColombia Department of Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605USA

We present a mol.cul.r phyl.genetic study of the l.chen genus Sticta focusing on Col.mbia,using the ITS fungal.barcoding gene for a total.of 370 ingroup OTUs,with 322 newl. generated *** topol.gy resul.ing from a maximum l.kel.hood approach does not support current species concepts in Sticta,which use a morphol.gical.concept,but in contrast shows that simil.r morphodemes evol.ed mul.ipl. times independentl. within the *** a consequence,currentl. appl.ed names such as *** and *** comprise numerous(up to more than 20)unrel.ted species-l.vel.l.neages,which can be distinguished al.o phenotypical.y using previousl. unrecognized characters such as l.be configuration,l.be surface structure,tomentum type,and anatomy of the basal.membrane of the *** concl.de that the genus Sticta contains about four to five times the number of species currentl. *** Col.mbia al.ne,approximatel. 150 species of Sticta are present.

关键词： l.chen-forming fungi Morphol.gical.species concept Paral.el.evol.tion

Introductory circuit anal.sis=电路分析基础 9th ed.

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Commentary on “Preval.nce and evol.tion of drug resistance HIV-1 vari-ants in Henan, China”

丛书名：国外优秀信息科学与技术系列教学用

2002年

作者： robert l. Boyl.stad.

"教育部高等教育司推荐."

ISBN: (数字)7040114186

ISBN: (纸本)7040114186

"教育部高等教育司推荐."

关键词： El.ctric circuits.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Cel. Research 2005年第Z1期15卷 850-851页

作者： Bruce l.GIl.IAM robert R REDFIEl. Richard Y ZHAO robert C GAl.O Institute of Human Virol.gy University of Maryland Baltimore MD 21201 USA Institute of Human Virol.gy University of Maryland Baltimore MD 21201 USA Department of Microbiology-Immunology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA Institute of Human Virol.gy University of Maryland Baltimore MD 21201 USA .Department of Pathology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA

Critical.to the impl.mentation and scal.-up of successful.antiretroviral.therapy worl.wide is an understanding of the effcacy, toxicitie and durabil.ty of antiretroviral.regimens in the specific popul.tions, which the... 详细信息

关键词： HIV Commentary on Preval.nce and evol.tion of drug resistance HIV-1 vari-ants in Henan

AN INVESTIGATION INTO TENANT ORGANIZATIONS' WIl.INGNESS-TO-PAY FOR THE INTANGIBl. VAl.E-ADDED BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABl. BUIl.INGS:CASE STUDY IN SINGAPORE

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Journal.of Green Buil.ing 2015年第3期10卷 191-213页

作者： Irene Y.l.l.e Huiyu Chen robert l.K.Tiong Buil.ing Research Institute Housing&Development Board480 Lorong 6 Toa Payoh Singapore 310480 School.of Civil.and Environmental.Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversityBlock N1Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639789

This research aims to understand the demand for sustainabl. buil.ings by inves-tigating the tenant organizations’wil.ingness-to-pay(WTP)behavior towards the val.e-added benefits(VABs).Tenant organizations refer to tenants operating in office buil.ings on tenancy *** groups of factors of tenant organi-zations’WTP for the VABs are identified:(1)Organization Characteristics,(2)Current Premises,(3)Buil.ing Characteristics,(4)Satisfaction of the VABs Expe-rienced,(5)Perception,and(6)Knowl.dge of Sustainabil.ty Issues,Buil.ing Sus-tainabil.ty Rating Systems and Buil.ing Impacts.A survey was conducted on the tenant organizations operating in office buil.ings l.cated in the city area of *** hypothesized rel.tionship between the tenant organizations’WTP for the VABs and its factors were tested using a series of statistical.techniques on the data col.ected from the *** is found that ol.er tenant organizations tend to have l.wer WTP for the VABs of improved heal.h and comfort of their ***,tenant organizations al.o have demand for sustainabl. buil.ings mainl. due to the positive organizational.image that sustainabl. buil.ings hel. to *** addition,it is found that the current buil.ing sustainabil.ty rating systems are inadequate for communicating the sustainabil.ty benefits to buil.ing occupants and for achieving buil.ing ***,the investigation reveal. that the use of sustainabl. technol.gies is not as important as how the buil.ing is being managed during its operational.stage for ensuring buil.ing sustainabil.ty *** findings from this study are useful.for channel.ng the sustainabil.ty efforts of the buil.ing industry to more effective areas.

关键词： Sustainabl. Buil.ings Intangibl. Val.e-added Benefits Wil.ingness-to-pay Tenant Organizations Office Buil.ings Indoor Environment Qual.ty

Technical.and conceptual.considerations forusing animated stimul. in studies of animal.ehavior

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第1期63卷 5-19页

作者： l.ura CHOUINARD-THUl. Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Gil.G. ROSENTHAl.Simon M. READER Guil.aume RIEUCAU Kevin l. Woo robert GERl.I Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INGl.Y John R. STOWERS Joachim G.FROMMENI Francine l. DOl.NS Kl.udia WITTE Department of Biol.gv McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 1B1 Research Group of Ecol.gy and Behavioral.Biol.gy Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Str. 2 Siegen 57068 Germany Ecol.gy & Evol.tionary Biol.gy Texas A&M University 3258 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investigaciones Cientfficas de l.s Huastecas "Aguazarca" Calnali Hidalgo Mexico Departmentof Biol.gical.Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 Street North Miami FL 33181 USA SUNY Empire State Col.ege Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA Departmentof Psychol.gy University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga Ontario Canada L5L 1C6 l.nd Vision Group Department of Biology Lund University SSIvegatan 35 Lund 22362 Sweden Department of Biol.gy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB#3280 Coker Hall Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Research Institute of Mol.cul.r Pathol.gy IMP Vienna Biocenter VBC Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7 Vienna 1030 Austria l.opbiogmbh Hauptstrasse 93 Kritzendorf 3420 Austria Department of Behavioural.Ecol.gy Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a Hinterkappelen 3032 Switzerland Department of Behavioral.Sciences University of Michigan-Dearborn 4901 Evergreen Road Dearborn MI 48128 USA

Rapid technical.advances in the fiel. of computeropened new avenues in animal.behavior *** （CA） and virtual.real.ty （VR） haveAnimated stimul. are powerful.tool. as theyoffer standardization, repeatabil.ty, and compl.te control.over the stimul.s presented, thereby＂reducing＂ and ＂repl.cing＂ the animal. used, and ＂refining＂ the experimental.design in l.ne withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technol.gies raises conceptual.and technical.*** this review, we offer guidel.nes for common technical.and conceptual.considerations rel.ted tothe use of animated stimul. in animal.behavior research. Fol.owing the steps required to create ananimated stimul.s, we discuss （I） the creation, （11） the presentation, and （111） the val.dation of CAsand VRs. Al.hough our review is geared toward computer-graphical.y designed stimul., consider-ations on presentation and val.dation al.o appl. to video pl.ybacks. CA and VR al.ow both new be-havioral.questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these methods in both ul.imate and proximate studies of animal.behavior.

关键词： animal behavior, animated stimul.s, computer animation, experimental design, virtual real.ty, visual communication.

Gl.oxyl.te Reductase Isoform 1 is l.cal.zed in the Cytosol.and Not Peroxisomes in Pl.nt Cel.s

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2012年第3期54卷 152-168页

作者： Steven l. K. Ching Satinder K. Gidda Amanda Rochon Owen R. van Cauwenberghe Barry J. Shel. robert T. Mul.en Department of Mol.cul.r and Cel.ul.r Biol.gy University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada Department of Pl.nt Agricul.ure University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada

Gl.oxyl.te reductase （Gl.R） is a key enzyme in pl.nt metabol.sm which catal.zes the detoxification of both photorespiratory gl.oxyl.te and succinic semial.ehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate （GABA） pathway. Two isoforms of Gl.R exist in pl.nts, Gl.R1 and Gl.R2, and whil. Gl.R2 is known to be l.cal.zed in pl.stids, Gl.R1 has been reported to be l.cal.zed in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracel.ul.r l.cal.zation of Gl.R1 in Arabidopsis thal.ana l. Heynh （ecotype l.nsberg erecta） using both transientl.-transformed suspension cel.s and stabl.-transformed pl.nts, in combination with fl.orescence microscopy. The resul.s indicate that Gl.R1 is l.cal.zed excl.sivel. to the cytosol.regardl.ss of the species, tissue and/or cel. type, or exposure of pl.nts to environmental.stresses that woul. increase fl.x through the GABA pathway. Moreover, the C-terminal.tripeptide sequence of Gl.R1, -SRE, despite its resembl.nce to a type 1 peroxisomal.targeting signal. is not sufficient for targeting to peroxisomes. Col.ectivel., these resul.s define the cytosol.as the intracel.ul.r l.cation of Gl.R1 and provide not onl. important insight to the metabol.c rol.s of Gl.R1 and the compartmentation of the GABA and photorespiratory pathways in pl.nt cel.s, but al.o serve as a useful.reference for future studies of proteins proposed to be l.cal.zed to peroxisomes and/or the cytosol.

关键词： Arabidopsis GABA Gl.R1 cytosol photobl.aching peroxisome PTS stress tobacco BY-2.

Fl.rida Springs--A Water-Budget Approach to Estimating Water Avail.bil.ty

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Journal.of Earth Science and Engineering 2016年第2期6卷 59-72页

作者： robert l. Knight Ronal. A. Cl.rke Howard T. Odum Fl.rida Springs Institute 23695 W. US 27 High Springs FL 32653 USA

Fl.rida＇s artesian springs receive groundwater outfl.ws from the Fl.ridan Aquifer System and are concentrated north of I-4 and west to the Fl.rida Panhandl.. These springs and their resul.ing spring runs support a unique freshwater ecol.gy dependent on perennial.fl.ws, constant temperature and chemistry, and high l.ght transmissivity. Numerous observations indicate that Fl.rida＇s springs fl.ws are decl.ning as a resul. of the increasing extraction of groundwater for human uses. North Fl.rida＇s karst environment is especial.y susceptibl. to nitrogen pol.ution from agricul.ural.and urban devel.pment. An empirical.springs/aquifer water budget is needed to better understand these spring stressors. Discharge data from 393 of the state＇s 1,000＋ artesian springs are used to estimate trends in total.spring discharge by decade since 1930-39. This anal.sis indicates that average spring fl.ws have decl.ned by about 32%. l.rge groundwater pumping centers are al.ering spring fl.ws over the whol. springs region. Existing groundwater pumping rates from the Fl.ridan Aquifer in 2010 were more than 30% of average annual.aquifer recharge, and al.ocated groundwater use in north-central.Fl.rida is nearl. doubl. current estimated uses. Based on biol.gical.research conducted in Fl.rida springs, these fl.w reductions are from two to six times greater than decl.nes known to resul. in significant harm to aquatic resources.

关键词： Artesian springs Fl.ridan Aquifer hydrol.gy aquatic ecol.gy aquifer recharge.