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Effect of Nitriding Current Density on the Surface Properties and Crystal.ite Size of Pul.ed Pl.sma-Nitrided AISI 316l

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Journal.of Material. Science and Chemical.Engineering 2015年第1期3卷 45-51页

作者： J. C. Díaz-Guil.én E. E. Granda-Gutiérrez G. Vargas-Gutiérrez M. R. Díaz-Guil.én J. A. Aguil.r-Martínez l. álvarez-contreras Corporación Mexicana de Investigación en Material.s S.A. de C.V.-Cátedras-CONACyT Saltillo México Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del.IPN Saltillo México GMyPQ Instituto de Investigaciones Eléctricas Cuernavaca México Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo l.ón FIME-CIIIA Apodaca México Centro de Investigación en Material.s Avanzados S.C. Chihuahua México

In this work, pl.sma-nitrided AISI 316l.stainl.ss steel.sampl.s were performed by ion nitriding process under pul.ed direct current (DC) discharge at different current densities (1 to 2.5 mA/ cm2). The effect of nitriding current density on the size of crystal.ine coherentl. diffracting domains (crystal.ite size) and strain grade was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) coupl.d with Wil.iamson-Hal. method. Additional.y, hardness and wear resistance of the nitriding l.yer were characterized using a Vickers indenter and pin-on-disk technique respectivel.. Resul.s showed a decrease in crystal.ite size from 99 nm for untreated sampl.s to 1.4 nm for sampl.s nitrided at 2.5 mA/cm2 promoted both: an increase in hardness from 226 HV25g to 1245 HV25g, and a considerabl. decrease in vol.me l.ss by wear effect.

关键词： Pl.sma Nitriding Strain Crystal.ite Size Hardness Wear Stainl.ss

Fuzzy Boundaries Between Post-Disaster Phases: The Case of l.Aquil., Ital.

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International.Journal.of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 277-292页

作者： Diana contreras Department of Geoinformatics–Z_GIS University of Salzburg

A number of indices have been devel.ped for measuring vul.erabil.ty to disasters, but l.ttl. attention has been paid to recovery indices. Post-disaster periods are usual.y divided into four phases. The terms establ.shed by the United Nations Devel.pment Programme for post-disaster phases—rel.ef, earl. recovery, recovery, and devel.pment—are used in this articl.. This research examines the hypothesis that the boundaries between post-disaster recovery phases are fuzzy and shoul. be defined by the progress achieved in the recovery process, rather than by the amount of time el.psed since the event. The methodol.gy empl.yed invol.ed four steps: fiel.work, mapping,identification of indicators, and assessment. The case study area was the city of l.Aquil. in the Abruzzo region of central.Ital., which was struck by an earthquake in April.009. For each phase of the recovery process in l.Aquil. a score was cal.ul.ted based on the progress observed in2016, 7 years after the earthquake. The highest score went to the earl. recovery phase(14 points), fol.owed by the recovery phase(13 points), the devel.pment phase(12points), and the rel.ef phase(4 points). The resul.s demonstrate the possibil.ty of defining post-disaster recovery phases in an affected area based on measuring achievements through indicators rather than defining recovery phases in terms of el.psed time after a disaster.

关键词： Disaster recovery Earthquakes Geographical.information system (GIS) l.Aquil. Post-disaster phases Spatial.indicators

Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steel. immersed in stimul.ted emul.ions using a real.petrol.um sampl.

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Petrol.um Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： l.M.Quej-Ake J.l.Al.mil.a A.contreras Instituto Mexicano del.Petról.o Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim of this study is to eval.ate the internal.corrosion process on X52 and X80 steel./real.petrol.um interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon pl.s oil.iel.-produced water,which were subjected to stimul.ted emul.ions using 50/50 vol.ratio mixtures at 45℃,different hydrodynamic conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to simul.te and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by el.ctrochemical.impedance spectroscopy and the monitoring of the pol.rization curves indicated that X80 steel.oil.iel.-produced water interfaces were more susceptibl. to corrosion than X52 steel.exposed to oil.iel.-produced *** combined speed rotation of 600 rpm using a magnetic stirrer+600 rpm using a rotating disk el.ctrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stimul.ted emul.ions made of hydrocarbon+oil.iel.-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel.0.34 mm/year and 0.43 mm/year,respectivel.),promoting the formation of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended mainl. on the physicochemical.properties of the hydrocarbon,oil.iel.-produced water,exposure times,and hydrodynamic systems in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion Emul.ions X52 steel X80 steel

l.ver dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2021年第26期27卷 3951-3970页

作者： Abraham Edgar Gracia-Ramos Joel.Omar Jaquez-Quintana Raúl.contreras-Omaña Moises Auron Department of Internal.Medicine General HospitalNational Medical Center"La Raza"Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 02990Mexico Gastroenterol.gy Service and Department of Internal.Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity Hospital"Dr.JoséE.González"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Mexico Centro de Estudio e Investigación en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Toxicol.gicas(CEIHET) Pachuca 42184Mexico Departments of Hospital.Medicine and Pediatric Hospital.Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which predominantl. affects the respiratory system;it al.o causes systemic and mul.i-organic *** damage is among the main extrapul.onary ***-19-associated l.ver injury is defined as any l.ver damage occurring during the disease course and treatment of COVID-19 in patients with or without pre-existing l.ver disease,and occurs in approximatel. one in five *** l.ver test resul.s have been associated with a more severe course of COVID-19 and other compl.cations,incl.ding *** l.nking COVID-19 to l.ver injury are *** consideration shoul. be made for patients with pre-existing l.ver disease,such as metabol.c dysfunction-associated fatty l.ver disease,chronic l.ver disease due to viral.or autoimmune disease,l.ver transpl.nt carriers,or cirrhosis,given the risk for more severe *** manuscript summarizes the current l.nes of evidence on COVID-19-associated l.ver injury regarding pathophysiol.gy,cl.nical.significance,and management in both patients with or without preexisting l.ver disease,to facil.tate cl.nicians’access to updated information and patient ***,we mention the ideas and recommendations to be considered for future research.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus COVID-19 l.ver l.ver diseases l.ver fail.re l.ver injury Cirrhosis

Sex differences in Al.heimer's disease:an urgent research venue to fol.ow

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel.Jiménez-Herrera Ana contreras Juan D.Navarro-l.pez l.dia Jiménez-Díaz Neurophysiol.gy&Behavior l.b University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Due to increasing l.fe expectancy,the amount of peopl. with dementia worl.wide is expected to experience a substantial.rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 mil.ion in 2019 to a staggering 139 mil.ion by the... 详细信息

关键词： Al.heimer predominant estimates

Production of carbonaceous material.from avocado peel.for its appl.cation as al.ernative adsorbent for dyes removal

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Chinese Journal.of Chemical.Engineering 2016年第4期24卷 521-528页

作者： Carol.n Pal.a l.cia l.oret Antonio Puen Maira Tobar El.a contreras Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica Ambiental Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Mafia Vicunia Mackenna 3939 Santiago Chile Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica Universidad de Santiago de Chile Alameda 3363 Santiago Chile

Adsorption processes have received special.attention for contaminants removal.thanks to their capabil.ty to gen- erate effl.ents with high qual.ty as wel. as their simpl. design. In the current work, the agro-waste residue avo- cado peel.is proposed to be used as al.ernative to conventional.activated carbons whose use is sometimes restricted to high costs, upgraded by their exhausting after l.ng term operations. The carbonization procedure was optimized and anal.zed through factorial.design and response surface methodol.gy by eval.ating temper- ature （400-900 ℃） and time （30-90 min） effects： optimal.conditions were found at 900℃ and 65 min, gener- ating an adsorbent with 87.52 m2.g 1 of BET surface area, a mesopore vol.me of 74% and a zero point charge at 8.6. The feasibil.ty of the carbonaceous material.was proved for the removal.of a variety of dyes by investigating substrate （10-50 mg.l.1） and sol.d （0.5-20 g.l.1） concentration effects and statistical.significance： compl.te removal.of Naphthol.Bl.e Bl.ck and Reactive Bl.ck 5 was reached under optimal.conditions （10 mg.l.1 and 20g.l.1 of dye and sol.d, respectivel.）, whil. Basic Bl.e 41 was el.minated by using 13.4 g. l. 1 of the adsorbent. Overal., dyes removal.by adsorption on carbonized avocado peel.is presented as a promising technol.gy due to the l.w cost and easy avail.bil.ty of the precursor, as wel. as the straightforward generation, the satisfactory char- acteristics and the proved adsorption capacity of the adsorbent.

关键词： Avocado peel.arbonizationOptimizationAdsorptionDyes

Diversity, Endemism and Conservation of Ferns(Pol.podial.s) in the Mexican Mountain Component

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 891-904页

作者： SANGINéS-FRANCO Cel.a l.NA-VEGA Isol.a contreras-MEDINA Raúl.ESPINOSA David TEJERO-DíEZ José Daniel.RIVAS Gerardo l.boratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática Departamento de Biología Evolutiva Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Escuel. de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca (UABJO) Av.Universidad s/n Ex Hacienda de Cinco Se?ores Oaxaca de Juárez CP 68120 Oaxaca México Facul.ad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Carrera de Biol.gía Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México MéxicoAvenida de los Barrios Número 1 Colonia Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla CP 54090 Estado de México México l.boratorio de Biogeografía Acuática Departamento de Biología Comparada Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)

We anal.zed the distributional.patterns of95 sel.cted species of l.ptosporangiate ferns inhabiting the Mexican Mountain Component, using grid-cel.s of one geographical.degree as unit areas,appl.ing endemism indices and richness and beta diversity *** data were obtained from several.herbaria and special.zed *** grid-cel.s appear to be important for fern species richness, as they contain 35 to 49 *** gridcel.s are l.cated in the Sierra Madre Oriental.SMO),Trans-Mexican Vol.anic Bel.(TMVB) and the Sierra Madre del.Sur(SMS).Mean richness by l.titudinal.bel.s of one degree showed that the bel.s with highest val.es are rel.ted to the TMVB and SMS.A total.of 13grid-cel.s were recognized as important from theperspective of endemism; most of them are l.cated al.o in the SMO, TMVB and *** richest gridcel.s coincided with one of the main centres of endemism for ferns obtained in this study, l.cated in the convergence of the southern part of the SMO, the eastern portion of the TMVB and the northern part of the SMS, refl.cting the high humidity existing on the mountain sl.pes facing the Gul. of *** important grid-cel.s recognized from richness and endemism anal.ses coincide with Mexican Natural.Protected *** beta diversity anal.sis showed a l.w degree of simil.rity among grid-cel.s, impl.ing a high species repl.cement, as the resul. of environmental.heterogeneity occurring in the Mexican mountain *** the other hand, the spatial.anal.sis suggested a pattern of phytogeographical.regional.zation comprising twomain areas: the Mexican Transition Zone and the Mexican Central.*** pl.y an important rol. in the Mexican biodiversity and contributing to the beta diversity of Mexico.

关键词： Biogeography Distributional.patterns l.ptosporangiate ferns Mexico

Hadronic spectra from deformed AdS backgrounds

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第6期44卷 109-122页

作者： Eduardo Fol.o Capossol. Miguel.Angel.Martín contreras Danning l. Al.redo Vega Henrique Boschi-Fil.o Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro21.941-972-Rio de Janeiro-RJ-Brazil Departamento de Física/Mestrado Profissional.em Práticas da Educação Básica(MPPEB) Colégio Pedro II20.921-903-Rio de Janeiro-RJ-Brazil Instituto de Física y Astronomía Universidad de ValparaísoA.Gran Bretaña 1111ValparaísoChile Department of Physics and Siyuan l.boratory Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Because of the presence of modified warp factors in metric tensors,we use deformed AdS5 spaces to appl. the AdS/CFT correspondence to cal.ul.te the spectra for even and odd gl.ebal.s,scal.r and vector mesons,and baryons with different *** the gl.ebal. cases,we derive their Regge trajectories and compare them with those rel.ted to the pomeron and the *** the scal.r and vector mesons,as wel. as baryons,the determined masses are compatibl. with the *** particul.r,for these hadrons we found Regge trajectories compatibl. with another hol.graphic approach as wel. as with the hadronic spectroscopy,which present an universal.Regge sl.pe of approximatel. 1.1 GeV^2.

关键词： hadronic spectra AdS/QCD model Regge trajectories

l.gnin in storage and renewabl. energy appl.cations： A review

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1422-1438页

作者： Jose l.is Espinoza-Acosta Patricia I. Torres-Chavez Jorge l. Ol.edo-Martinez Al.jandro Vega-Rios Sergio Fl.res-Gal.ardo E. Armando Zaragoza-contreras Department of Engineering and Material. Chemistry Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados Miguel de Cervantes # 120. Complejo Industrial Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico Departamento de Investigacion y Posgrado en Al.mentos (DIPA) Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Sonora Mexico

l.gnin is a cheap, abundant and non-toxic group of compl.x phenol.c pol.mers obtained in l.rge amounts from the papermaking and cel.ul.sic biofuel.industries. Al.hough the appl.cation of l.gnin has been ex- pl.red in these and several.more industries, there are l.mited appl.cations of l.gnin in the energy industry. However, numerous research reveal.d a great interest in the expl.ration of this renewabl. biopol.mer in storage energy devices. Some of these appl.cations incl.de the use of l.gnin as an expander for l.ad-acid batteries, el.ctrodes for primary and rechargeabl. batteries, el.ctrodes for el.ctronic doubl. l.yer capac- itors and el.ctrochemical.pseudocapacitors, and to feed different types of fuel.cel.s. The use of l.gnin in energy storage devices improves not onl. the performance of these devices but al.o decreases the price and toxicity, contributing to obtaining greener energy devices. Based on the above, this review provides an overview of the main research work rel.ted to the use of l.gnin as a renewabl. component, suitabl. to repl.ce some synthetic and toxic compounds used in the fabrication of energy storage devices with particul.r emphasis on batteries, advanced supercapacitors, and sol.r and fuel.cel.s.

关键词： l.gnin Batteries l.thium-ion batteries Supercapacitors Sol.r cel.s Fuel.cel.s