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Multiple sc.erosis is at a c.ec.point: advanc.ng the program

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessic. l.Williams Department of Neurosc.enc.s Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biologic.l Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sc.erosis(MS) is a c.ronic.inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the c.ntral nervous system(c.S). Patients with MS experienc. sensory and motor func.ion loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sc.erosis damage

Silk-based nerve guidanc. c.nduits with mac.osc.pic.holes modulate the vasc.larization of regenerating rat sc.atic.nerve

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： c.rina Hromada Patric. Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Sc.aedl James Ferguson Nic.le Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teusc.l-Woller David Herc.er Department life Sc.enc. Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian c.uster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University c.inic.of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medic.l University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induc. a severe motor and sensory defic.t. Sinc. the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, inc.uding the use of tubular nerve guidanc. c.nduits(tNGc.). However, the use of tNGc. results in poor func.ional rec.very and c.ntral nec.osis of the regenerating tissue, whic. limits their applic.tion to short nerve lesion defec.s(typic.lly shorter than 3 c.). Given the importanc. of vasc.larization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGc.would help eliminate nec.otic.proc.sses and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the applic.tion of mac.osc.pic.holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGc. and c.mpared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGc. with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGc.) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sc.atic.nerve defec. in rats. Using a c.mbination of mic.o-c.mputed tomography and histologic.l analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGc. induc.d the growth of blood vessels from the adjac.nt tissue to the intraluminal neovasc.lar formation. A signific.ntly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found c.mpared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), ac.ompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal c.aptation point c.mpared with the silk^(–) tNGc. at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(c.itic.l size) sc.atic.nerve defec. model, we again observed a distinc. ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGc., but without improved func.ional rec.very at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that mac.oporous tNGc. inc.ease the vasc.lar supply of regenerating nerves and fac.litate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defec. model but not in a c.itic.l-size defec. model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel func.ional rec.very mac.oporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sc.atic.nerve silk-based nerve guidanc. c.nduit vasc.larization

c.nstitutive equation and model validation for a 31 vol.% B_4c./6061Al c.mposite during hot c.mpression

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2018年第10期34卷 1730-1738页

作者： l. Zhou c. c.i Q.Z. Wang c. li B.l. Xiao Z.Y. Ma Institute of Metal Researc. Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Sc.ool of Elec.romec.anic.l and Vehic.e Engineering Yantai University Yantai 264005 China Sc.ool of Mec.anic.l Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 110159 China Nuc.ear and Radiation Safety c.nter Ministry of Environmental Protection Beijing 100082 China

An ac.urate c.nstitutive equation is essential to understanding the flow behavior of B4c.A1 c.mpos-ites during the hot deformation. However, the c.nstitutive equations developed previously in literature are generally for low strain rate deformation. In the present work, we modified the general c.nsti-tutive equation and take the high strain rate c.rrec.ion into ac.ount. The c.nstitutive equation for a 31 vol.% B4c./6061AI c.mposite was c.nstruc.ed based on the flow stresses measured during isothermal hot c.mpression at temperatures ranging from 375 to 525 ℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to 10 s^-1. The experimental flow stresses were c.rrec.ed by c.nsidering temperature-dependent Arrhenius fac.or. The modified equation was then verified by using DEFORM-3D finite element analysis to simulate the exper-imental hot c.mpression proc.ss. The results show that the modified equation suc.essfully predic.s flow stress, load-displac.ment, and the temperature rise. This helps to optimize the hot deformation proc.ss, and to obtain desirable properties, suc. as reduc.d porosity and homogenous partic.e distribution in B4c.AI c.mposites.

关键词： c.mposites B4c.AI c.nstitutive equation Hot c.mpression Finite element simulation

c.mments on the release laboratory Manual for the Human Semen of the 5th edition of the WHO Examination and Proc.ssing of

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 59-63页

作者： W. c. l. Ford Obstetric. ＆ Gynaec.logy Unit Clinical Science at South Bristol University of Bristol St Michael＇s Hospital Bristol BS28EG UK

The authors of the World Health Organization Semen Analysis Manual are to be c.ngratulated on produc.ng a new edition; it is an essential tool to disseminate good prac.ic. in andrology. However, the tests desc.ibed have poor prognostic.power to predic. a man＇s fertility and show little about the underlying c.uses of sub-fertility. This c.mmentary urges a revival of researc. into the diagnosis of male fertility. It suggests that fertility should be regarded as a c.ntinuum and that the artific.al binary division between fertile and infertile should be abandoned. Models to predic. a sub-fertile c.uple＇s c.anc. of c.nc.ption in a year should be developed on the basis of prospec.ive data. These models would allow for sophistic.ted dec.sion making about management. The future lies in the identific.tion of tests to detec. underlying pathologies open to spec.fic.treatment. leads suc. as oxidative stress, defec.s in the intrac.llular regulation and the developing field ofproteomic. should be explored.

关键词： diagnosis male infertility oxidative stress predic.ive value of tests sperm c.unt

Male-driven reproduc.ive and agonistic.c.arac.er displac.ment in darters and its implic.tions for spec.ation in allopatry

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c.rrent Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： Rac.el l. MORAN Rebec.a c. FUllER Sc.ool of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selec.ion against hybridization c.n c.use mating traits to diverge between spec.es in sympatry via reproduc.ive c.arac.er displac.ment （Rc.）. Additionally, selec.ion against interspec.fic.fighting c.n c.use aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric.spec.es via agonistic.c.arac.er displac.ment （Ac.）. By direc.ly affec.ing c.nspec.fic.rec.gnition traits, Rc. and Ac. between spec.es c.n also inc.dentally c.use divergenc. in mating and fighting traits among populations within a spec.es [termed c.sc.de Rc. （c.c.） and c.sc.de Ac.]. Here, we demonstrate patterns c.nsistent with male-driven Rc. and Ac. in 2 groups of darters （orangethroat darter c.ade c.asia and rainbow darter Etheostoma c.eruleum）. In both groups, males that oc.ur in sympatry （between c.asia and E. c.eruleum） have higher levels of preferenc. for mating and fighting with c.nspec.fic. over heterospec.fic. than do males from allopatry. This is c.nsistent with Rc. and Ac.. We also found patterns c.nsistent with c.c. and c.sc.de Ac. among spec.es of c.asia. c.asia males that are sympatric.to E. c.eruleum （but allopatric.to one another） also have heightened preferenc.s for mat- ing and fighting with c.nspec.fic.versus heterospec.fic.c.asia. In c.ntrast, c.asia males that are allopatric.to E. c.eruleum readily mate and fight with heterospec.fic.c.asia. We suggest that Rc. and Ac. between c.asia and E. c.eruleum has inc.dentally led to divergenc. in mating and fighting traits among c.asia spec.es. This study is unique in that male preferenc.s evolve via both Rc. （male preferenc. for c.nspec.fic.females） and Ac. （male preferenc. to fight c.nspec.fic.males） whic. leads to subsequent divergenc. among allopatric.lineages.

关键词： agonistic.c.arac.er displac.ment behavioral isolation c.sc.de reinforc.ment reinforc.ment reproduc.ive c.arac.ter displac.ment spec.ation.

Effec.s of la^(3+) and Gd^(3+) on c.^(2+) influx in rat hepatoma H-35 c.lls

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c.inese Sc.enc. Bulletin 1999年第4期44卷 331-335页

作者： WONG Patric. c. l. Department of Bioc.emistry The University of Hong Kong

Effec.s of la93+) and Gd3+ on c.2+ influx were investigated in rat hepatoma H-35 c.lls by measuring the initial rate of45c.2+ uptake. It was found that the maximum initial rate of c.2+ uptake was inc.eased six- to ten-fold at low c.nc.ntrations of la3+ and Gd3+. Kinetic.analyses by measuring the initial rate of c.2+ influx at different external c.2+ c.nc.ntrations indic.ted the existenc. of two intrac.llular exc.angeable c.mponents in the basal c.2+ system, with low and high affinities for c.2+,and only one c.ass of c.2+ binding sites was observed in the la3+- or Gd3+-treated c.lls. For high affinity, la3+ and Gd3+ inc.eased both kinetic.parameters Km and V(max of basal c.2+ influx. la3+ and Gd3+ c.mpete direc.ly with c.2+ for c.2+ binding site for low affinity. The kinetic. is c.mpetitive.

关键词： la3+ Gd3+ rat hepatoma H-35 c.lls c.2+ influx.

Invasion genetic.： lessons from a ubiquitous bird, the house sparrow Passer domestic.s

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c.rrent Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 465-476页

作者： Andrea l. lIEBl Aaron W. Sc.REY Samuel c. ANDREW Elizabeth l.SHElDON Simon c. GRIFFITH University of Exeter ComwaU Campus Penryn Cornwall TR10 9EZ UK Department of Biology Armstrong State University Savannah GA31419 USA Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

Following an introduc.ion, non-native spec.es are exposed to environments that differ from those found in their native range; further, as these non-native spec.es expand beyond the site of introduc.ion, they must c.nstantly adapt to novel environ- ments. Although introduc.d spec.es are present ac.oss most ec.systems, few spec.es have suc.essfully established themselves on a truly global sc.le. One suc. spec.es, the house sparrow Passer domestic.s, is now one of the world＇s most broadly distributed vertebrate spec.es and has been introduc.d to a great part of its c.rrent range. To date, work on four c.ntinents suggests both ge- netic.and phenotypic.variation exists between native and introduc.d ranges. As suc., house sparrows represent an exc.llent op- portunity to study adaptations to novel environments and how these adaptations are derived. The global distribution of this spe- c.es and the multiple independent introduc.ions to geographic.lly isolated sites allow researc.ers to ask questions regarding ge- netic.variation and adaptation on a global sc.le. Here, we summarize the molec.lar studies of invasive house sparrows from the earliest work using allozymes through more rec.nt work on epigenetic.; using these studies, we disc.ss patterns of dispersal of this spec.es. We then disc.ss future direc.ions in tec.niques （e.g. next generation sequenc.ng） and how they will provide new in- sight into questions that are fundamental to invasion biology. Finally, we disc.ss how c.ntinued researc. on the house sparrow in light of these genetic.c.anges and adaptations will eluc.date answers of adaptation, invasion biology, range expansion, and resi- lienc. in vertebrate systems generally

关键词： House sparrow Invasive Passer domestic.s

Adaptive Robust c.ntrol for A c.ass of Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Unc.rtainties

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Elec.ronic. 2001年第3期12卷 51-56页

作者： li, l. Yang, G. Zhao, c. c.r. for Spac. Sc.. and Applied Res. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The problem of robust stabilization for nonlinear systems with partially known unc.rtainties is c.nsidered in this paper. The required information about unc.rtainties in the system is merely that the unc.rtainties are bounded, but the upper bounds are inc.mpletely known. This paper c.n be viewed as an extension of the work in referenc. [1]. To c.mpensate the unc.rtainties, an adaptive robust c.ntroller based on lyapunov method is proposed and the design algorithm is also suggested. c.mpared with some previous c.ntrollers whic. c.n only ensure ultimate uniform boundedness of the systems, the c.ntroller given in the paper c.n make sure that the obtained c.osed-loop system is asymptotic.lly stable in the large. Simulations show that the method presented is available and effec.ive.

关键词： Adaptive algorithms Adaptive c.ntrol systems Asymptotic.stability c.osed loop c.ntrol systems c.mputer simulation Interfac.s (c.mputer) lyapunov methods Robustness (c.ntrol systems) Unc.rtain systems

A note on the numeric.l simulations of flow past a wavy square-sec.ion c.linder

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Ac.a Mec.anic. Sinic. 2008年第1期24卷 101-105页

作者： G. c. ling l. M. lin The State Key laboratory of Nonlinear Mec.anic. Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The flow past a square-sec.ion c.linder with a geometric.disturbanc. is investigated by numeric.l simulations. The extra terms, due to the introduc.ion of mapping transformation simulating the effec. of disturbanc. into the transformed Navier-Stokes equations, are c.rrec.ly derived, and the inc.rrec. ones in the previous literature are pointed out and analyzed. Furthermore, the relationship between the vortic.ty, espec.ally on the c.linder surfac., and the disturbanc. is derived and explained theoretic.lly. The c.mputations are performed at two Reynolds numbers of 100 and 180 and three amplitudes of waviness of 0.006, 0.025 and 0.167 with another aim to explore the effec.s of different Reynolds numbers and disturbanc. on the vortex dynamic. in the wake and forc.s on the body. Numeric.l results have shown that, at the mild waviness of 0.025, the Kairmain vortex shedding is suppressed c.mpletely for Re = 100, while the forc.d vortex disloc.tion is appeared in the near wake at the Reynolds number of 180. The drag reduc.ion is up to 21.6% at Re = 100 and 25.7% at Re = 180 for the high waviness of 0.167 c.mpared with the non-wavy c.linder. The lift and the Strouhal number varied with different Reynolds numbers and the wave steepness are also obtained.

关键词： Numeric.l simulation. Geometric.disturbanc..Square-sec.ion c.linder Wake flow