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Alternative Sanitation and Strategic Directives for the Well Water Security in Cotonou (Benin) and lomé(Togo)

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第9期13卷 675-698页

作者： Henri S. Totin Vodounon Emilia M. Azalou-Tingbé Koko Z. Houedakor Ernest Amoussou Mafobatchie Nantob Gloria A. Adoho léocadie odoulami Department of Geography and Territory Planning University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Sociology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Centre for Integrated Coastal and Environmental Management University of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Sociology University of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Geography and Territory Planning University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

In the coastal cities of West Africa, land use change, rapid population growth, bad sanitation systems and poor environmental governance degrade the quality of groundwater. This study aimed to assess alternative, acceptable, affordable sanitation disposal and practices for groundwater quality rehabilitation in the cities of Cotonou and lomé. The study was based on the participatory transdisciplinary approach, field surveys, feedback from interactions with stakeholders, experiences of the practitioners and institutional consultations. This multi-stakeholder approach helped to appreciate ecological aspects of sanitation disposal and its implications on water quality improvement. SWOT model was used to analyze the relevance of assessed ecological system. Well water quality is deteriorated by traditional waste management disposal. Ecological sanitation systems are septic tanks on polyethylene, above-ground latrines and phytoremediation technique in the swamp areas. Collected wastes are used for composting and biogas production. Based on the optimist scenario at 2030 horizon, kind success factors of groundwater security are participation of citizens, existence of sanitation market, valorization of the waste by category, low-cost disposal adaptable to the individual, household and neighborhood’s scales. The strategic directions rely on funding and public policies for WASH, ecological sanitation disposal, cultural environment and good sanitation practices for emergence of new sanitation system to secure and sustain well water quality. But the social acceptability of ecological disposal is limited by the society’s multicultural heritage. These findings could help in decision-making concerning urban groundwater quality protection in the African coastal cities.

关键词： Socio-Ecology Sanitation Well Water Quality SWOT Scenario Social Acceptability

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Risks Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy at the National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第1期13卷 23-35页

作者： Annelie Kerekou Hode Chakiratou Abouki Alihonou Hubert Dedjan Aurelia Doutetien Djossou Nestor Aïgbe Gloria Djohossou Soulé Alamou lisette odoulami Ignace Sounouvou Sidonie Tchabi National University Hospital Center/Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU/HKM) Cotonou Benin Endocrinology Teaching Unit Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Ophthalmology Teaching Unit Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Army Instruction Hospital Cotonou University Hospital Center Cotonou Benin University Hospital of Zone/Suru-léré (CHUZ/Sl) Cotonou Benin Departmental University Hospital of Ouémé Plateau (CHUD/OP) Porto-Novo Benin

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) at the National University Hospital Center-Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM). Patients and method: this was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. It was carried out over a three-month period from July 10 to October 10, 2019. It concerned all patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and who consulted in the Endocrinology department during the study period. Results: the frequency of diabetic retinopathy was 30.46% (53/174 patients). A female predominance was observed with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.57. The main modifiable risk factors were represented by occupation and those that were not modifiable were represented by the presence of old nephropathy, glycated hemoglobin, age of discovery of diabetes and its length of service. Diabetic retinopathy is a serious condition that can ultimately lead to blindness. The frequency of DR remains high in our study.

关键词： Associated Factors Modifiable or Not Diabetic Retinopathy

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