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Resource management at the network edge for federated learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 765-782页

作者： Silvana Trindade luiz F.Bittencourt Nelson l.S.da Fonseca Institute of Computing State University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

Federated learning has been explored as a promising solution for training machine learning models at the network edge,without sharing private user *** limited resources at the edge,new solutions must be developed to leverage the software and hardware resources as the existing solutions did not focus on resource management for network edge,specially for federated *** this paper,we describe the recent work on resource manage-ment at the edge and explore the challenges and future directions to allow the execution of federated learning at the *** such as the discovery of resources,deployment,load balancing,migration,and energy effi-ciency are discussed in the paper.

关键词： Resource management Edge computing Federated learning Machine learning

Optimal Forward-Scattering Angles of Atmospheric Aerosols in North China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2014年第3期7卷 236-242页

作者： JIA Sheng-Jie lü da-Ren Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles of atmospheric aerosols is required. In this paper, the authors introduce the detec- tion basis of forward-scattering of atmospheric aerosols, and the authors verify the sensitivity of the phase function to the real part of the complex refractive index. The au- thors use the Jaenicke urban aerosol model to determine that forward-scattering angles near 33° are suitable. However, the optimal forward-scattering angles in North China are between 37° and 40°. Numerical simulation shows that certain types of particle size distribution of newly generated particles and pollution have limited in- fluences on the selection of forward-scattering angles. But the ranges of these insensitive angles shift - 10 degrees for dust intrusion, and the relative deviations of the phase function are less than 5.0% within extra angles of 0° to 3°. This study can serve as a reference for the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles for visibility meters and Present Weather Identifiers （PWIs） in addition to the de- tection of forward-scattering optical properties.

关键词： forward-scattering anglesphase function complex refractive index visibility meters

Hepatitis D infection:from initial discovery to current investigational therapies

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第4期7卷 231-245,I0001页

作者： Ben l.da Theo Heller Christopher Koh Digestive Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes&Digestive&Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes&Digestive&Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Hepatitis D is the most severe form of viral hepatitis associated with a more rapid progression to cirrhosis and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality compared with hepatitis B *** once thought of as a disappearing disease,hepatitis D is now becoming recognized as a serious worldwide issue due to improvement in diagnostic testing and immigration from endemic *** these concerns,there is currently only one accepted medical therapy(pegylated-interferon-a)for the treatment of hepatitis D with less than desirable efficacy and significant side *** to these reasons,many patients never undergo ***,increasing knowledge about the virus and its life cycle has led to the clinical development of multiple promising new therapies that hope to alter the natural history of this disease and improve patient *** this article,we will review the literature from discovery to the current investigational therapies.

关键词： Hepatitis D hepatitis B epidemiology natural history outcome treatment novel therapies

A landscape persistence-based methodological framework for assessing ecological stability

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 31-39页

作者： da lü Yihe lü Guangyao Gao Siqi Sun Yi Wang Bojie Fu State Key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2871Beijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Ecological stability is a critical factor in global sustainable development,yet its significance has been *** we introduce a landscape-oriented framework to evaluate ecological stability in the Qingzang Plateau(QP).Our findings reveal a medium-high stability level in the QP,with minimal changes over recent *** driving factors vary across landscape types,with climate and anthropogenic factors emerging as crucial *** anthropogenic factors are strong but unstable due to policy changes and economic development,climatic factors exert a consistent *** on our results,we propose site-specific ecological conservation and restoration *** ecological stability assessment framework provides a practical tool to understand the link between environmental conditions and ecosystems.

关键词： Ecological stability assessment framework landscape changes Nature conservation and ecological restoration Nature-based solutions Qingzang Plateau

A New Method for Aerosol Retrieval Based on lidar Observations in Beijing

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2014年第3期7卷 203-209页

作者： PAN Yu-Bing lü da-Ren PAN Weilin Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (lAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

lidar has been used extensively in the area of atmospheric aerosol *** unknowns at the reference altitude,the lidar ratio and the backscatter coefficient,need to be resolved from the lidar *** the actual application,these two values are difficult to obtain,particularly the backscatter *** better characterize the optical properties of aerosols,optical thickness,and attenuated backscatter obtained by other instruments are usually used as the input for joint ***,this method is limited by location and *** this study,the authors propose a new method for aerosol retrieval by using Mie scattering lidar data to solve this *** authors take the horizontal aerosol extinction coefficient as the constraint to begin the iteration until a self-consistent aerosol vertical profile was *** comparing their results with Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET) data,the authours determine that the aerosol extinction coefficient obtained by combining horizontal and vertical lidar observations is more precise than that obtained by using the traditional Fernald *** new method has been adopted for retrieving the extinction coefficient of aerosols during the observation days.

关键词： lidarlidar ratiobackward integrationextinction coefficient

Observation and Simulation of Abnormal Transmittance over Yangbajing,Tibet

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2014年第3期7卷 190-197页

作者： WANG lei-Di lü da-Ren HUO Juan Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environmental Observation (lAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Defining abnormal transmittance as the case where the magnitude of the shortwave flux transmittance is greater than 1.0,the authors used surface solar irradiance and all-sky images obtained at the Yangbajing site in Tibet to analyze the reasons for the occurrence of abnormal shortwave flux *** on the International Intercomparision of Three-Dimensional Radiation Code(I3RC) Monte Carlo community model of three-dimensional radiative transfer,the authors also performed simulations at a nonabsorbing wavelength and an absorbing wavelength through a stratocumulus and a cumulus *** results showed the detection of abnormal transmittance on more than half the days,and the maximum transmittance was *** probability of the occurrence of abnormal transmittance appeared to be largest in summer,and on a daily basis was mainly at about noon local *** transmittance mainly appeared when clear sky and clouds co-existed,especially at the edges of broken clouds and nearby regions with clear-sky *** flux transmittance decreased as the solar zenith angle increased.

关键词： three-dimensional cloudsshortwave flux transmittanceMonte Carlo modelTibet

An Optical Disdrometer for Measuring Present Weather Parameters

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2014年第6期7卷 559-563页

作者： JIA Sheng-Jie lü da-Ren XUAN Yue-Jian Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new present weather identifier(PWI) based on occlusion and scattering techniques is presented in the study. The present weather parameters are detectable by the meteorological optical range(MOR) approximately up to 50 km and by droplets with diameters ranging from 0.125 mm to 22 mm with velocities up to 16 m s-1. The MOR error is less than 8% for the MOR within 10 km and less than 15% for farther distances. Moreover, the size errors derived from various positions of the light sheet by the particles were checked within ± 0.1 mm ± 5%. The comparison shows that the MOR, in a sudden shower event, is surprisingly consistent with those of the sentry visibility sensors(SVS) with a correlation coefficient up to 98%. For the rain amounts derived from the size and velocity of the droplets, the daily sums by the PWI agree within 10% of those by the Total Rain Weighing Sensor(TRwS205) and the rain gauge. Combined with other sensors such as temperature, humidity, and wind, the PWI can serve as a present weather sensor to distinguish several weather types such as fog, haze, mist, rain, hail, and drizzle.

关键词： present weather parameters present weather identifier precipitation measurement hydrometeor classification meteorological optical range

A holistic framework for facilitating environmental and human health

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 298-303页

作者： Yihe lv da lv Guangyao Gao Bojie Fu State Key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2871Beijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In the Anthropocene,health is necessary to achieve global sustainable *** is a challenge because health issues are complex and span from humans to ecosystems and the environment through dynamic interac-tions across *** find that the health issues have been mainly addressed by disciplinary endeavors which unfortunately will not result in panoramic theories or effective *** recommend focusing on the intri-cate interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environment for developing common theoretical under-standings and practical solutions for safeguarding planetary health,with human health as the key indicator and *** facilitate this paradigm shift,a holistic framework is formulated that incorporates disturbances from inner Earth and our solar system,and accommodates interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environ-ment in a nested *** integrative and transdisciplinary health science is advocated along with holistic thinking to resolve our current health challenges and to achieve the health-related sustainable development goals.

关键词： Health science Surface earth system Human environment interactions Environmental pollution,Sustainable development

Verifying Fossil-Fuel Carbon Dioxide Emissions Forecasted by an Artificial Neural Network with the GEOS-Chem Model

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2014年第5期7卷 377-381页

作者： WANG Yi-Nan lü da-Ren lI Qian PAN Yu-Bing laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (lAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this study, the authors developed an en- semble of Elman neural networks to forecast the spatial and temporal distribution of fossil-fuel emissions （ff） in 2009. The authors built and trained 29 Elman neural net- works based on the monthly average grid emission data （1979-2008） from different geographical regions. A three-dimensional global chemical transport model, God- dard Earth Observing System （GEOS）-Chem, was applied to verify the effectiveness of the networks. The results showed that the networks captured the annual increasing trend and interannual variation of ff well. The difference between the simulations with the original and predicted ff ranged from -1 ppmv to 1 ppmv globally. Meanwhile, the authors evaluated the observed and simulated north-south gradient of the atmospheric CO2 concentrations near the surface. The two simulated gradients appeared to have a similar changing pattern to the observations, with a slightly higher background CO2 concentration, - 1 ppmv. The results indicate that the Elman neural network is a useful tool for better understanding the spatial and tem- poral distribution of the atmospheric C02 concentration and ft.

关键词： fossil-fuel emissions Elman neural network CO2 concentration GEOS-Chem