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Assessment of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance in barley(Hordeum vulgare l.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral Baidyussen Gulmira Khassanova Maral Utebayev Satyvaldy Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Sholpan Khalbayeva Aigul Amangeldiyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva KulpashBulatova Carly Schramm Peter Anderson Colin l.D.Jenkins Kathleen lSoole Yuri Shavrukov Faculty of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan College of Science and Engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the field of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection(MAS),using the example of drought tolerance in *** accuracy of selected quantitative trait loci(QTls),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barley genome *** common strategies are described for molecular marker development,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possible applications in MAS to improve the grain yield and yield components in barley under drought *** strategies are based on the following five principles:(1)Molecular markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongly dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical maps;(2)plants react differently under favourable and stressful conditions or depending on their stage of development;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the relevant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the molecular marker identified must be validated for MAS for tolerance to drought stress and improved grain yield;and(5)the small number of molecular markers realized for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be explained by the complex nature of drought stress,and multiple stress-responsive genes in each barley genotype that are expressed differentially depending on many other factors.

关键词： barley candidate genes drought tolerance gene verification via expression grain yield marker-assisted selection(MAS) molecular markers quantitative trait loci(QTls) strategy for MAS

Identification of candidate genes for early-maturity traits by combining BSA-seq and QTl mapping in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum l.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3472-3486页

作者： liang Ma Tingli Hu Meng Kang Xiaokang Fu Pengyun Chen Fei Wei Hongliang Jian Xiaoyan lü Meng Zhang Yonglin Yang State Key laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy ofAgricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China School of Agriculture Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang 453003China Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shihezi 832099China

Cotton breeding for the development of early-maturing varieties is an effective way to improve multiple cropping indexes and alleviate the conflict between grains and cotton in the cultivated fields in *** the present study,we aimed to identify upland cotton quantitative trait loci(QTls)and candidate genes related to early-maturity traits,including whole growth period(WGP),flowering timing(FT),node of the first fruiting branch(NFFB),height of the node of the first fruiting branch(HNFFB),and plant height(PH).An early-maturing variety,CCRI50,and a latematuring variety,Guoxinmian 11,were crossed to obtain biparental *** populations were used to map QTls for the early-maturity traits for two years(2020 and 2021).With BSA-seq analysis based on the data of population 2020,the candidate regions related to early maturity were found to be located on chromosome *** then developed 22 polymorphic insertions or deletions(InDel)markers to further narrow down the candidate regions,resulting in the detection of five and four QTls in the 2020 and 2021 populations,*** to the results of QTl mapping,two candidate regions(InDel_G286-InDel_G144 and InDel_G24-InDel_G43)were *** these regions,three genes(GH_D03G0451,GH_D03G0649,and GH_D03G1180)have nonsynonymous mutations in their exons and one gene(GH_D03G0450)has SNP variations in the upstream sequence between CCRI50 and Guoxinmian *** four genes also showed dominant expression in the floral *** expression levels of GH_D03G0451,GH_D03G0649 and GH_D03G1180 were significantly higher in CCRI50 than in Guoxinmian 11 during the bud differentiation stages,while GH_D03G0450 showed the opposite *** functional verification of GH_D03G0451 indicated that the GH_D03G0451-silenced plants showed a delay in the flowering *** results suggest that these are the candidate genes for cotton early maturity,and they may be used for breeding early-maturity cotton varieties.

关键词： cotton genomics early-maturity traits BSA-seq QTl mapping molecular breeding

Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(linum l.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko G. Adam Mott Jason C.l. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(linum l.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

Application of Argan plant extract as green corrosion inhibitor for steel in 1 mol/l HCl

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2012年第1期25卷 10-18页

作者： l. Afia R. Salghi l. Bammou lh. Bazzi B. Hammouti l. Bazzi laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology ENSA University Ibn Zohr PO Box 1136 80000 Agadir Morocco laboratory of Establishment of Autonomous Control and Coordination of Export 80000 Agadir Morocco lCAE-URAC 18 Faculty of Science University of Mohammed Premier PO Box 717 60000 Oujda Morocco laboratory of Materials & Environment Faculty of Science University Ibn Zohr BP 8106 80000 Agadir Morocco

The effect of Argan plant extract （APE） on the corrosion of the steel in hydrochloric acid medium was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical polarization and impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements. Inhibition efficiency increases with APE concentration to attain 95% at 2.5 g/l. We note good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical methods （potentiodynamic polarization and EIS）. Effect of temperature is also made in the 298-328 K range. Polarization measurements show also that APE act as a mixed inhibitor. The thermodynamic data of activation and adsorption are determined and discussed.

关键词： Corrosion Steel Inhibition Argan plant extract Adsorption Kinetic parameter

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第3期57卷 418-423页

作者： l Yan BAO JingDong School of Applied Science Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Beijing Normal University

The correlated levy flight is studied analytically in terms of the fractional Fokker-Planck equation and simulated numerically by using the langevin equation, where the usual white ltvy noise is generalized to an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck levy process （OAlP） with a correlation time τc. We analyze firstly the stable behavior of OUlP. The probability density function of ltvy flight particle driven by the OUlP in a harmonic potential is exactly obtained, which is also a ltvy-type one with Tc-dependence width; when the particle is bounded by a quartic potential, its stationary distribution has a bimodality shape and becomes noticeable with the increase of τc.

关键词： l3vy flight OUlP fractional Fokker-Planck equation

曲霉属α-l-鼠李糖苷酶的挖掘、酶学性质表征与应用

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微生物学报 2024年第9期64卷 3474-3488页

作者：夏婷舒涛王兰英陈林浩班雅丽吕波北京理工大学化学与化工学院生物化工研究所北京102488

异槲皮素是一种黄酮类化合物,具有抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节等多种生理活性。然而,由于其含量很低,传统的提取方法难以大规模制备。【目的】α-l-鼠李糖苷酶可特异性水解天然糖苷的末端l-鼠李糖残基。本研究筛选可高效且特异性转化芦丁生... 详细信息

异槲皮素是一种黄酮类化合物,具有抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节等多种生理活性。然而,由于其含量很低,传统的提取方法难以大规模制备。【目的】α-l-鼠李糖苷酶可特异性水解天然糖苷的末端l-鼠李糖残基。本研究筛选可高效且特异性转化芦丁生产异槲皮素的菌株,并从中挖掘新型α-l-鼠李糖苷酶且应用于异槲皮素的生产,为后续规模化生产异槲皮素提供新元件。【方法】通过芦丁唯一碳源的选择培养法筛选和鉴定可特异性水解芦丁为异槲皮素的菌株;利用转录组分析,获得高效且特异性强的α-l-鼠李糖苷酶,通过结构模拟确定其结构域组成,并对其酶学性质和底物特异性进行研究;通过毕赤酵母异源表达,在5 l发酵罐中对其水解效果进行验证。【结果】通过结构模拟确定AfRhase具有5个结构域,包括1个α-结构域(结构域A)和4个β-结构域(结构域N、结构域E、结构域F和结构域C)。以芦丁为底物,重组酶AfRhase的最适温度和最适pH分别为55℃和4.5。重组酶AfRhase底物特异性研究表明,其具有广泛的底物特异性,可以水解芦丁、橙皮苷、柚皮苷和朝藿定C的鼠李糖基。通过5 l发酵罐体系的水解芦丁生产异槲皮素的放大验证,其可将120g芦丁粗品(纯度70%)水解生成61g异槲皮素,摩尔转化率为95.4%,生产效率为2.0 mmol/(l·h)。【结论】本研究成功从曲霉(Aspergillus sp.)XT-1中挖掘到一种能够高效且特异性水解芦丁生成异槲皮素的α-l-鼠李糖苷酶,在毕赤酵母中异源表达,对该酶进行结构域分析和酶学性质研究,测试底物特异性,并进行5 l发酵罐的水解效果验证。综上所述,本研究拓宽了真菌来源的α-l-鼠李糖苷酶用于黄酮类化合物芦丁生物转化法的功能研究,也为异槲皮素的工业化生产奠定了基础。

关键词： α-l-鼠李糖苷酶异槲皮素转录组分析新酶挖掘曲霉属

Inertial lévy Flight with Nonlinear Friction

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Chinese Physics letters 2011年第11期28卷 1-3页

作者： lÜYan BAO Jing-Dong Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875

lévy flight with nonlinear friction is *** to the occurrence of extremely long jumps lévy flights often possess infinite variance and are physically problematic if describing the dynamics of a particle of finite ***,by introducing nonlinear friction,we show that the stochastic process subject to lévy noise exhibits finite variance,leading to a well-defined kinetic *** the force-free field,normal diffusion behavior is observed and the diffusion coefficient decreases with lévy index𝜇.Furthermore,we find a kinetic resonance of the particle in the harmonic potential to the external oscillating field in the generally underdamped region and the value of the linear friction𝛾0 determines whether resonance occurs or not.

关键词： variance diffusion finite

Rice spouted bed for manufacturing inclusion complexes of Endopleura uchi l extracts in β-cyclodextrin

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 208-215页

作者： l.V.D. Freitas A.C.R. Montes E.I.A. Campos E.C. Conceicao l.A. Tacon A.D. lanchote l.A.P.Freitas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloVia do Cafe s/n14040-903Ribeirao PretoSPBrazil

Uxi (Endopleura uchi) is a plant from the Brazilian Amazon. It has many biological activities that are attributed to its main active component, bergenin (BG), which has low water solubility. The aim of this work was to obtain β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes of uxi using lyophilized cooked rice as the solid substrate. The process was studied using a Box–Behnken design with the solution feed rate, molar ratio of β-CD to BG, and rice bed load as factors. These factors greatly affected the product bulk density, angle of repose, water content, and BG content, loss, and water solubility. The optimum process conditions determined using a desirability functions methodology were an extract feed rate of 1 ml/min, a ratio of β-CD to BG of 3:1, and a substrate load of 100 g. The predicted values under the optimum conditions were close to the experimental results of a water content of 5.8%± 0.2%, BG content of 985.7 ± 15.4 μg/g, BG water solubility of 2230.2 ± 21.1 μg/ml, and BG loss of 1.2%± 0.1%. These results confirm that spouted beds are an important tool for rapid, one-step preparation of pharmaceutical β-CD inclusion complexes in a solid form.

关键词： Bergenin Chromatography Yield Active loss Solubility

Towards an l^p Potential Theory for Sub-Markovian Semigroups:Kernels and Capacities

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1227-1250页

作者： Niels JACOB Renél.SCHIllING Department of Mathematics University of Wales SwanseaSingleton ParkSwansea SA 2 8 PP.United Kinadom FB 12-Mathematik Philipps-Universitat MarburgD-35032 MarburgGermany

We study in fairly general measure spaces （X,μ） the （non-linear） potential theory of l^p sub-Markovian semigroups which are given by kernels having a density with respect to the underlying measure. In terms of mapping properties of the operators we provide sufficient conditions for the existence （and regularity） of such densities. We give various （dual） representations for several associated capacities and, in the corresponding abstract Bessel potential spaces, we study the role of the truncation property. Examples are discussed in the case of R^n where abstract Bessel potential spaces can be identified with concrete function spaces.

关键词： nonlinear potential theory (r,p)-capacity Bessel potential space gamma.transform sub-Markovian semigroup