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Corn Production for Silage Subjected to Potassium Fertilization and Water Depths

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第4期7卷 671-676页

作者： Edvaldo Eloy Dantas Junior lucia helena garófalo chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraíba Campina Grande Brazil

This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of water depths and potassium fertilizer levels on corn yield for silage. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-plot with six water depths based on crop potential evapotranspiration (ETcp) in levels: 0.25;0.50;0.75;1.00;1.25 and 1.50 ETcp, and six amounts of potassium, 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1, in four replicates. The irrigation system was dripped. Before sowing was applied to the soil to nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizers, corn was sown ten days after the fertilization using seeds from hybrid AG 1051. Manual harvesting of ears occurred 67 days after sowing. Production variables observed were fresh matter of plant with (FPMwiths) and without (FPMwithouts) the ears. The fresh matter of plant with and without the ears was influenced significantly by factors analyzed, the 1% level of probability by F test. The water depths in irrigation that maximized the physiological parameters of plants as FPMwiths and FPMwithouts were, respectively, 690 mm and 766.7 mm. The quantitative potassium to maximize physiological parameters of FMP with ears and FMP without ears was, respectively, 104.75 kg ha-1 and 52.1 kg ha-1.

关键词： Zea mays l. Irrigation Silage Plants

Drip irrigated sunflower intercropping

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1816-1821页

作者： Abel Henrique Santos Gomes lucia helena garófalo chaves Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil

One of the difficulties in the implementation of agroenergy’s cropping is the growing area competition with subsistence crops. Few studies have been conducted to show the efficiency of intercropping between plants of energy’s potential with cultures of economic sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intercropping sunflower cultivars with corn and beans, in the initial growth under localized irrigation. The experiment was conducted at the end of the year 2012, in an area of 950 m2, located in the Campus II-UEPB, lagoa Seca, Paraíba. The irrigation system was managed based on the Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo), calculated by the Penmann-Monteith Method with data obtained locally. The experimental design was a randomized blocks factorial (2 × 4) × 3, with treatments combining two varieties of sunflower in four plantation systems: single or isolated, intercropped with maize, with bean and with caupi. Each plot consisted of four rows of sunflowers in spacing 0.3 × 0.7 m and length of 5 m, interspersed with rows of beans or corn, except in the isolated system. The central rows of sunflowers were used to measure the following growth characteristics: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf área. Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The diversification of sunflower varieties promoted differences in initial growth, regardless of the cropping system. There was significant effect at 15 DAS, where the sunflower variety “Advanta CF101” had higher plants than the variety “Hélio 253” at 40 DAS;the variety “Hélio 253” had a stem diameter greater than the “Advanta CF101”.

关键词： Helliantus Annus Maize Hybrid 2B587 Bean Carioca BRS Cowpea IPA206 Plant Growth

Effect of Mineral Fertilization and Irrigation on Sunflower Yields

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 870-879页

作者： lucia helena garófalo chaves Danila lima Araujo Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra Walter Esfrain Pereira Federal University of Campina Grande Avenue Aprigio Veloso Campina Grande Brazil Federal University of Paraiba Campus II Areia Brazil

Among the cultures used for the production of biofuels, the sunflower is one of the most important. Although some information exists, the water and nutritional needs of sunflower in the north east of Brazil are not well known. To fill knowledge gaps, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilization and available soil water (ASW) on sunflower yields. The sunflower cultivar Embrapa 122-V2000 was subjected to 44 treatments on a completely randomized design generated by the Baconian Matrix with four rates of N (0, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1), four rates of P2O5 (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg·ha-1), four rates of K2O (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg·ha-1), and four available soil water (ASW) levels (55%, 70%, 85% and 100%) replicated three times. Urea was used as a source of N, triple super phosphate as P and potassium chloride as K. In all the experimental units was applied 2 kg·B·ha-1 as boric acid. The components of production evaluated were dry matter of the head, total number of achenes, total achenes’ weight and 1000 achenes’ weight. The results of this research showed that nitrogen had a significant effect on the dry matter of the head, total number of achenes and total achenes’ weight. Phosphorus affected all production components and potassium affected the total number and the weight of achenes. With the exception of the 1000 achenes’ weight, all the production components of the sunflower increased with the increased ASW level influenced significantly at 0.01 level of probably the total number of achenes. The highest rates of N, P and K (100, 120 and 120 kg·ha-1, respectively) and 100% of available soil water produced the highest production.

关键词： Water Fertilizers Yields Oil Plants Seeds

Macronutrients Omission in the Growth of Cotton, BRS Topázio Cultivar Grown in Nutritious Solution

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2345-2357页

作者： Felipe Guedes De Souza lucia helena garófalo chaves Allan Nunes Alves Jorge Alves De Souza Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil Department of Education Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil

With the objective to determine the probable causes of the appearance of abnormalities in BRS Topázio cotton plants, a greenhouse experiment was carried out per subtraction, in which nutrients were omitted: N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, totalizing 21 experimental units. The omission of N, P, K and Ca in the nutrient solution reduced the biometric characteristics of the cotton crop, with K and Ca being the most affected by these characteristics. The visual symptoms in cotton plants are seen with more severity in the lack of K, P, K Ca and Mg elements. The omission of S did not affect the development of the plants.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum l. Nutritional Deficiency Visual Diagnosis

Growth of Pepper under Different Concentration of the Solutions Used in the Hydroponic System

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 925-935页

作者： Felipe Guedes de Souza Guilherme de Freitas Furtado Antonio Ramos Cavalcante lucia helena garófalo chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes José Amilton Santos Júnior Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Water availability is a fundamental condition for sustainable agriculture. However, a satisfactory water condition is not always possible in terms of quantity and quality in certain regions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, the purpose of this extremely important research was to evaluate the growth of cv. All Big with six combinations of wastewater plus saline (WW + SW) and two nutrient solution percentages, in a low-cost hydroponic system. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Department of Agricultural Engineering at Federal University of Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme (6 × 2), with 5 replications, being the treatments composed by the combination of six proportions of wastewater with saline water (50%/50%;60%/40%;70%/30%;80%/20%;90%/10%;100% of wastewater) and two nutrient solution concentration (80% and 100%), totalizing 60 experimental units. The biometric variables were analyzed at 55 and 96 days after sowing, namely: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf number (lN) and leaf area (lA). The interaction between the concentration of the nutrient solution and the ratio of the saline water with wastewater was influenced in the behavior of peppers (cv. All Big) biometric variables. The nutrient solution prepared at 80% of its normal concentration had better performance in the development of plants when mixed with the proportions of water containing more wastewater. The proportion 30% saline water and 70% wastewater (30/70) with concentration of 80% of the nutrient solution obtained better satisfactory results in the studied biometric variables.

关键词： Capsicum annuum l. Saline Water Wastewater Nutrient Solution

Crambe (<i>Crambe abyssinica</i>) Cultivation under Different levels of Fertilization with Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2031-2039页

作者： Ana Carolina F. de Vasconcelos lúcia helena G. chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes Gilvanise Alves Tito Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil Department of Agroecology and Agropecuaria State University of Paraiba Paraiba State Brazil

The effects of fertilization on crambe are poorly understood;in this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the crambe growth under different levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 kg·ha-1), phosphorus (0, 50, 100, 150 kg·ha-1), and potassium (0, 30, 60, 90 kg·ha-1) in a greenhouse. The height of the plants, the production of dried biomass and that of 1000 grains of crambe were evaluated. The height of the plants was impaired as a function of increasing doses of nitrogen. The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus in the crambe crop increased the number of grains and dry shoot biomass. The growth and yield of the crop were not influenced by the use of potassium in mineral fertilization.

关键词： Biodiesel Semiarid Region Mineral Fertilization Crambe Growth

Growth and Production of Hydroponic Pepper under Salt Stress and Plant Density

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2255-2267页

作者： Guilherme De Freitas Furtado Antonio Ramos Cavalcante lúcia helena G. chaves José Amilton Santos Júnior Hans Raj Gheyi Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Rec&#244 ncavo da Bahia Cruz das Almas Brazil

The viability of the use of brackish water in the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables cannot dispense with auxiliary techniques such as water mixing and the use of plant densities. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to analyze the growth and production of sweet pepper, cv. All Big, under hydroponic conditions, under different levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.7, 3.7, 5.7, 7.7, 9.7 and 11.7 dS·m-1) in plants spaced every 0.2 m and 0.3 m. These treatments were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, analyzed in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with five replications. The growth variables were evaluated at 60, 75 and 90 days after sowing and the production variables at the time of harvest;however, the results were submitted to analysis of variance, at a 0.05 probability level. The interaction between the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution and the density of plants influenced the behavior of the growth and production variables of pepper (All Big). It was verified that the pepper plants had better performance of the biometric variables plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves when cultivated every 30 cm. At the time, in the analysis by plant, the production of pepper fruits was more expressive when spacing of 30 cm was adopted, however, in the tube of six meters, when 20 cm of spacing was used, the number of fruits was on average, 26.38% and 16.40% higher than lower density, in the electrical conductivities 1.7 and 11.7 dS·m-1.

关键词： Capsicum annuum l. Brackish Water Rainwater

Salinity Effects on Development and Productivity of Crambe (<i>Crambe abyssinica</i>) under Greenhouse Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 839-847页

作者： Ana Carolina F. de Vasconcelos lúcia helena G. chaves Felipe G. Souza Hans R. Gheyi Josely D. Fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraíba Lagoa Seca Brazil

Salinity in soil or water in arid and semi arid regions can severely limit crop production, since the high amount of NaCl contributes to specific ion effects of Cl-, Na+ or both, and to antagonistic effects on nutrient elements. Affected by salt stress, most of the cultivated plants do not fully express their growth potential, which lowers their economic value. Crambe (Crambe abyssinica) is an oil plant of the cruciferous family and it is believed that crambe has great potential to figure as raw material for biofuel;however, literature is not abundant about the effects of salinity in crambe production. This work was carried out in order to evaluate the effects on the development and productivity of crambe irrigated with saline waters under greenhouse conditions. Treatments resulted from the combination of two factors: salinity of irrigation water (ECw) in five levels (1.03-control, 2.5, 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 dS·m-1) and two types of salts (NaCl and NaCl + CaCl2) with three replications, totaling 30 experimental plots. At the end of the experimental period, soil samples from each plot were collected for chemical and salinity of soil saturation extract analyzes. Salt types did not affect plant parameters. However, the salinity levels presented significant effects on the all plant parameters, decreasing their values with the increase of the salt dose. Salinity levels of the solutions used for irrigation in this study affected the growth of plants and grain yield of crambe. Regarding the type of salts, a higher concentration of Na was observed for NaCl solutions at 2.5, 4.0 and 5.5 dS·m-1 salinity levels.

关键词： Crambe Oil Seed Salinity Tolerance

α,β-amyrin, a natural triterpenoid ameliorates l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4272-4280页

作者： Caroline Mouro Melo Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho Julliana Catharina de Sousa Neves Talita Cavalcante Morais Vietla Satyanarayana Rao Flávia Almeida Santos Gerly Anne de Castro Brito Mariana helena chaves Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Biomedical Institute of Brazilian Semiarid Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Department of Morphology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Piauí

AIM: To study the benef icial effects of triterpene α,β-amyrin and the underlying mechanisms in an experimental pancreatitis model. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in five groups of rats (n = 8) by l-arginine (2 × 2.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal, 1 h apart) and 1 h later, they received a single oral dose of α,β-amyrin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg),methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) and vehicle (3% Tween 80). A saline (0.9% NaCl) treated group served as a normal control. Efficacy was assessed at 24 h by determination of serum levels of amylase, lipase and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (Il)-6], pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)], nitrate/nitrite levels, and the wet weight/body weight ratio. Tissue histology and the immunoreactivity for TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) were performed. RESUlTS: α,β-amyrin and methylprednisolone treatments significantly (P l-arginine-induced increases in pancreatic wet weight/body weight ratio, and decreased the serum levels of amylase and lipase, and TNF-α and Il-6, as compared to the vehicle control. Also, pancreatic levels of MPO activity, TBARS, and nitrate/nitrite were signifi cantly lower. Histological f indings and TNF-α and iNOS immunostaining further confirmed the amelioration of pancreatic injury by α,β-amyrin. CONClUSION: α,β-amyrin has the potential to combat acute pancreatitis by acting as an anti-in? ammatory and antioxidant agent.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis l-arginine Cytokines lipid peroxidation α,β-amyrin