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Parametric study on hydraulic performance of an inlet plenum in a printed-circuit heat exchanger

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2013年第9期56卷 2137-2142页

作者： LEE Sang-Moon koo Gyoung-wan KIM Kwang-Yong Department of Mechanical Engineering Inha University

Hydraulic performance of an inlet plenum in a printed-circuit heat exchanger has been analyzed using three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical model of the inlet plenum was constructed through grid dependency test, calculation domain tests, and turbulence model and numerical scheme selections. Shear stress transport turbulence model was used for analysis of turbulence. Non-uniformity of the flow in zigzag flow channels was evaluated for the reference case. Parametric studies have been performed with the angle of the inlet plenum wall, radius of curvature of the inlet plenum wall, and width of the inlet pipes. The effects of these parameters on the flow uniformity and friction performance were evaluated.

关键词： printed-circuit heat exchanger inlet plenum Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations flow uniformity friction

Lactic Acid Fermentation from Coffee Ground Waste Hydrolysate by Lactobacillus rhamnosus

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第4期7卷 365-372页

作者： Ja-Ryong koo Hye Min Park Se kyung Kim Hyun Shik Yun Department of Biological Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Inha University Research and Business FoundationIncheon 22212Korea

Lactic acid is an important organic acid that is widely used in the food,pharmaceutical,and cosmetic *** acid was produced from coffee ground waste which contains fermentable sugars and is increasingly generated from our daily dietary *** 114 strains of Lactobacillus species,Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863 was selected for the production of lactic acid from coffee ground *** alkali pretreatment and saccharification,cellulose and hemicellulose in coffee ground waste were converted into fermentable *** experiments were conducted at various alkali solution,concentrations,and *** pretreatment with 35 g/L of KOH at 121oC for 60 min,the highest concentration of fermentable sugars was *** optimum concentration of Viscozyme L was 2%when saccharification was proceeded at 55oC for 7 *** productivity of lactic acid fermentation was the highest(0.59 g/L/h)at 100 g of coffee ground waste(1x concentration),whereas the lactic acid concentration was the highest at 600 g of coffee ground waste(6x concentration).As the concentration of coffee ground increased,the lactic acid concentration was also increased,however,the amount was not proportional to the coffee ground waste *** this study,it was found that coffee ground waste could be used as a culture medium for Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863 through pretreatment and saccharification for the production of lactic acid.

关键词： Coffee ground waste Lactobacillus rhamnosus lactic acid fermentable sugars saccharification alkali pretreatment

High-Resolution Infrared-Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoion and Pulsed Field Ionization-Photoelectron Methods for Spectroscopic Studies of Neutrals and Cations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2008年第3期21卷 193-201页

作者： Xi Xing Beth Reed Mi kyung Bahng Peng wang Hin koo Woo Sun Jong Baek Chee Shing Lain Cheuk Yiu Ng Department of Chemistry University of California Davis Davis California 95616 USA

We show that by scanning the frequency of a single mode infrared （IR） optical parametric oscillator （IR- OPO） laser to excite the molecular species of interest and fixing the frequency of a vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） laser to photoionize the IR excited species, high-resolution IR spectra of polyatomic neutrals can be obtained with high sensitivity. The fact that this IR-VUV-photoion （IR-VUV-PI） method is based on VUV photoionization probe, and thus, allows the identification of the neutral IR absorber, makes it applicable for IR spectroscopy measurements of isotopemers, radicals, and clusters, which usually exist as impure samples. The highly resolved IR-VUV-PI measurements achieved using the single mode IR-OPO laser have made possible the selection of single rovibrational states of CH3X （X=Br and I）, C2H4, and C3H4 for VUV-pulsed field ionization-photoelectron （VUV-PFI-PE） measurements, resulting in rovibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra for these polyatomic molecules. These experiments show that the signal- to-noise ratios of the IR-VUV-PI and IR-VUV-PFI-PE spectra obtained by employing the high-resolution IR-OPO laser are significantly higher than those observed in previous IR-VUV-PI and IR-VUV-PFI-PE studies using a low-resolution IR-OPO laser. Further improvement in sensitivity of IR-VUV-PI and IR- VUV-PFI-PE measurements by using the collinear arrangement of IR-VUV lasers and molecular beam is discussed.

关键词： Vacuum ultraviolet Infrared Pulse-field photoelectron High resolution

Heterogeneity in the risk of incident liver cirrhosis driven by PNPLA3 genotype and diabetes among different populations

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 115-118页

作者： Bo kyung koo Dong Hyeon Lee Jeong Hwan Park Won Kim Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineBoramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineBoramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Pathology Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea

Advanced fibrosis determines the prognosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD);therefore,accurate risk-prediction for advanced fibrosis is fundamental in the management of NAFLD(1).Targeted screening for advanced fibrosis in high-risk populations,such as those with type 2 diabetes,obesity with metabolic complications,a family history of cirrhosis,or significant alcohol use is recommended for implementing early intervention to prevent future adverse hepatic outcomes of NAFLD(2,3).Non-invasive tests including fibrosis-4 index(FIB-4)and liver stiffness measurement(LSM)are recommended to identify individuals at a higher risk of liver-related events(1,2).In addition to clinical classifications,such as FIB-4;genetic information provides further stratification for liver-related outcomes(4).

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) cirrhosis PNPLA3-rs738409

Diagnostic criteria for autoimmune chronic pancreatitis revisited

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第16期12卷 2487-2496页

作者： Kyu-Pyo Kim Myung-Hwan Kim Jong Cheol Kim Sang Soo Lee Dong wan Seo Sung koo Lee Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea

Autoimmune chronic pancreatitis （AIP） is increasingly being recognized worldwidely, as knowledge of this entity builds up. Above all, AIP is a very attractive disease to clinicians in terms of its dramatic response to the oral steroid therapy in contrast to ordinary chronic pancreatitis. Although many characteristic findings of AIP have been described, definite diagnostic criteria have not been fully established. In the year 2002, the Japan Pancreas Society published the diagnostic criteria of AIP and many clinicians around the world use these criteria for the diagnosis of AIP. The diagnostic criteria proposed by the Japan Pancreas Society, however, are not completely satisfactory and some groups use their own criteria in reporting AIP. This review discusses several potential limitations of current diagnostic criteria for this increasingly recognized condition. The manuscript is organized to emphasize the need for convening a consensus to develop improved diagnostic criteria.

关键词： Autoimmune chronic pancreatitis Diagnostic criteria

Trochanter/calcar preserving reconstruction in tumors involving the femoral head and neck

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第7期7卷 442-447页

作者： Hwan Seong Cho Young-Kyun Lee Yong-Chan Ha kyung-Hoi koo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery ChungAng University College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the results of hip reconstruction with extensive excision for tumor confined to the femoral head and neck. METHODS: We designed a resection preserving the greater trochanter and lower portion of calcar femorale, and utilized conventional total hip prosthesis. We retrospectively reviewed 7 patients, who underwent a wide resection and reconstruction using conventional hip prosthesis. There were 3 men and 4 women and their mean age was 42.5 years(22 to 65 years). The histologic diagnosis of each patient was low-grade osteosarcoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, liposclerosing myxofibroma, intraosseous lipoma, chondroblastoma, giant cell tumor and focal intramedullary fibrosis. RESULTS: One patient with lymphoma died due to disease dissemination at 10 mo postoperatively and the remaining 6 patients were followed for a mean of 4.7 years(3 to 6 years). All patients were able to return to their daily activities and no patient had local recurrence. No radiographic signs of loosening, wear, and osteolysis were found at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION: Trochanter/calcar-preserving resectionof the proximal femur and reconstruction using conventional total hip prosthesis, is a satisfactory treatment for tumors confined to the femoral head and neck.

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Reconstruction Tumor Femoral head

Ethanol extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum ameliorates dopaminergic neuronal cell death in transgenic mice expressing mutant A53T human alpha-synuclein

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 361-368页

作者： Hyun Jin Park Ting Ting Zhao Seung Hwan Kim Chong Kil Lee Bang Yeon Hwang kyung Eun Lee Myung koo Lee Department of Pharmacy College of PharmacyChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuRepublic of Korea 2Research Center for Bioresource and Health College of PharmacyChungbuk National UniversityCheongjuRepublic of Korea Department of Social Physical Education Songwon UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea

Gynostemma(G.) pentaphyllum(Cucurbitaceae) contains various bioactive gypenosides. Ethanol extract from G. pentaphyllum(GP-EX) has been shown to have ameliorative effects on the death of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson’s disease(PD) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-and 6-hydroxydopamine. PD patients exhibit multiple symptoms, so PD-related research should combine neurotoxin models with genetic models. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative effects of GP-EX, including gypenosides, on the cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of A53 T α-synuclein transgenic mouse models of PD(A53 T). Both GP-EX and gypenosides at 50 mg/kg per day were orally administered to the A53 T mice for 20 weeks.α-Synuclein-immunopositive cells and α-synuclein phosphorylation were increased in the midbrain of A53 T mice, which was reduced following treatment with GP-EX. Treatment with GP-EX modulated the reduced phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter(Bad) at Ser112, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK1/2) due to α-synuclein overexpression. In the A53 T group, GP-EX treatment prolonged the latency of the step-through passive avoidance test and shortened the transfer latency of the elevated plus maze test. Gypenosides treatment exhibited the effects and efficacy similar to those of GP-EX. Taken together, GP-EX, including gypenosides, has ameliorative effects on dopaminergic neuronal cell death due to the overexpression of α-synuclein by modulating ERK1/2, Bad at Ser112, and JNK1/2 signaling in the midbrain of A53 T mouse model of PD. Further studies are needed to investigate GP-EX as a treatment for neurodegenerative synucleinopathies, including PD. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Chungbuk National University(approval No. CBNUA-956-16-01) on September 21, 2016.

关键词： A53T α-synuclein genetic mice ERK1/2 gynostemma pentaphyllum gypenosides Parkinson’s disease retention transfer latency time

Break-up Characteristics of Gelled Propellant Simulants with Various Gelling Agent Contents

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第6期19卷 545-552页

作者： Inchul Lee Jaye koo Graduate Student Korea Aerospace University School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Korea Aerospace University

Gel propulsion systems have many advantages with respect to high performance, the energy management of liquid propulsion systems, storability, high density impulse, and low leakage of liquid propellants. The atomization process provides sufficient contact surface area between the gelled fuel and oxidizer jets. It is important to study how injection characteristics of gelled propellants are related with break-up and spray distribution. The break-up and mixing processes are very important in achieving maximum efficiency and necessitate the careful study of combustion instability. Gelled propellants are non-Newtonian fluids in which the viscosity is a function of the shear rate, and they have a high dynamic shear viscosity which depends on the amount of gelling agent contents. The present study has focused on the break-up process, wave development of ligament and liquid sheets formed by impinging jets with various gelling agent contents. Especially, the break-up processes of the impinging jets at the initial conditions are studied. The break-up process of like-on-like doublet impinging jets are experimentally characterized using non-Newtonian liquids which are mixed by ionized water 98.5 wt%, Carbopol 941 0.5wt% or 1.0wt%, and NaOH(concentration 10%) 1.0wt%. For the like-on-like doublet injector, the generation of a liquid sheet at the impinging point of two jets was observed. The spray shape with elliptical pattern is distributed in a perpendicular direction to the momentum vectors of the jets. Gelled propellant simulants with high viscosity jets are more stable and produce less pronounced surface waves than low viscosity jets. Generally, the break-up length decreased due to the increasing Reynolds number. However, surface waves and atomized droplets increased. Gelled propellant simulants from like-on-like doublet impinging jets have the spray shape of closed rim patterns at low pressure. Also, the rim patterns of spray have no disturbances on the spray sheet. As the

关键词： gelled propellant simulants storability low leakage impinging injector rimless pattern wave-like structure

Clinical significance of CT-defined minimal ascites in patients with gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第42期11卷 6587-6592页

作者： Dong kyung Chang Ji Won Kim Byung Kwan Kim kook Lae Lee Chi Sung Song Joon koo Han In Sung Song Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital Seoul Korea Department of Radiology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital Seoul Korea

AIM： To study the clinical significance of minimal ascites, which was only defined by the CT and whose nature was not determined preoperatively, in the relationship with the peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS： The medical records and the dynamic CT films of 118 patients with gastric cancer were reviewed. Factors associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis were analyzed in 40 patients who had CT-defined ascites of which the nature was surgically confirmed, RESULTS： Only 12.5-25% of the CT-defined minimal ascites, whose volume was estimated to be less than 50 mL, were associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis. When the estimated CT-defined ascitic volume was 50 mL or more, peritoneal carclnomatosis was identified in 75-100%. When CT-defined lymph node enlargements were not found beyond the regional gastric area, perigastric invasions were not suspected, and the size of tumor was less than 3 cm, peritoneal carcinomatosis seemed significantly less accompanied at the univariate analysis. However, except for the minimal volume of CT- defined ascites in comparison with the mild or more, other factors were not confirmed multivariately. CONCLUSION： In the patients with gastric cancer, CT- defined minimal ascites alone is rarely associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis, if it does not accompany other signs suggestive of malignant seeding. Therefore, consideration of active curative resection should not be hesitated, if CT-defined minimal ascites is the only delusive sign.

关键词： Ascites Peritoneal carcinomatosis Gastriccancer