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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh hyo Jin Cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim Jun Young Choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： do-Hun Lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

Central Composite Design for Optimized Extraction of Polysaccharides from Undaria pinnatifida

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2012年第4期28卷 620-623页

作者： HEO hyo-jung ROW kyung-ho Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University253 Yonghyun-DongNam-KuIncheon 402-751Korea

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharides from Undaria *** effects of three independent variables,extraction time,extraction temperature and ratio of water to raw material were investigated by a central composite *** experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation via multiple regression analysis and also examined with the appropriate statistical *** adjusted coefficient of determination（R^2Adj） for the model was *** optimum extraction yield of 30.78% was obtained when the extraction temperature was 95 °C,extraction time was 4.5 h,and the ratio of water to raw material was 35（mL/g）.Under these conditions,validation experiments were done and the mean extraction yield of polysaccharides was 30.79%,which was in good agreement with the predicted model value.

关键词： Undaria pinnatifida Optimization Extraction Polysaccharide Response surface methodology

Experimental and Modeling Studies on the Chemical Vapor Infiltration with Respect to the Effects of Thermal Gradient and Other Operating Parameters

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第3期33卷 525-532页

作者： kyung do Joo do Hoon Kim Gui Yung Chung Department of Chemical Engineering Hong Ik University

Effects of operating parameters in the thermal gradient chemical vapor infiltration of propane such as thermal gradient, diffusion, infiltrations time, and concentration of propane were studied by focusing on the visualizations of the intrinsic effects of these parameters. A uniform deposition in the preform was obtained with a gradually increasing temperature along the gas flow. The uniformity of deposition through the preform got improved with increasing deposition time. Results of numerical modeling estimated the experimental data very well when the pre-exponential factor of the overall rate of carbon deposition from propane reported by Vaidyaraman[1] was multiplied by 4. The average density of a preform increased by about 3 times from 0.38 to 1.15 g/cm3 after 60 hr deposition with a thermal gradient under the conditions of 3% propane in nitrogen and 840 to 900 ℃.

关键词： TG-CVI propane C/C composites uniform deposition mathematical modeling

Tensor based non-photo realistic rendering for Korean architectural images

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第10期21卷 3805-3810页

作者： do kyung Shin Eun Young Ahn Deprtment of Computer Science and Engineering Hanyang University Deprtment of Communication Infromation & Computer Engineering Hanbat National University

Existing pen and ink sketch technologies can be applied to general images, but they could not produce optimal output for images of traditional architecture, because most images consist of exquisite straight lined patterns in traditional architecture, such as root tiles and window bars. The lines of roofs and eaves need to be described delicately to express pen and ink sketch most effectively. Therefore, by proposing a method to create white noise for light and shade of input images, to extract input vector directions from the white noise, and to determine the direction and length of stroke, a new expression technique is proposed for pen and ink sketch that could best reflect the characteristics of traditional architecture.

关键词： non-photo realistic rendering pen and ink sketch tensor

Site-selective oral delivery of therapeutic antibodies to the inflamed colon via a folic acid-grafted organic/inorganic hy brid nanocomposite system

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第11期12卷 4249-4261页

作者： Sang Hoon Lee Jae Geun Song hyo-kyung Han College of Pharmacy Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang 10326South Korea

This study aimed to develop a pH-responsive folic acid-grafted organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposite system for site-selective oral delivery of therapeutic antibodies. A folic acid-grafted aminoclay(FA-AC) was prepared via an in situ sol-gel method. Then, a drug-loaded nanocomplex was prepared via the electrostatic interaction of FA-AC with infliximab(IFX), a model antibody, and coated with Eudragit? S100(EFA-AC-IFX). FA-AC exhibited favorable profiles as a drug carrier including low cytotoxicity, good target selectivity, and capability to form a nanocomplex with negatively charged macromolecules. A pH-responsive FA-AC-based nanocomplex containing IFX(EFA-AC-IFX) was also obtained in a narrow size distribution with high entrapment efficiency(>87%). The conformational stability of IFX entrapped in EFA-AC-IFX was well maintained in the presence of proteolytic enzymes. EFA-ACIFX exhibited pH-dependent drug release, minimizing premature drug release in gastric conditions and the upper intestine. Accordingly, oral administration of EFA-AC-IFX to colitis-induced mice was effective in alleviating the progression of ulcerative colitis, while oral IFX solution had no efficacy. These results suggest that a pH-responsive FA-AC-based nanocomposite system can be a new platform for the site-selective oral delivery of therapeutic antibodies.

关键词： Infliximab Aminoclay Colonic delivery:TNF-x Infammation Folate rceptor Anibody Nanocomposite

Inhibitory Effect of the Extract of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht Root on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第10期23卷 755-762页

作者： hyo Won Jung kyung-Ho Kim Yong-Ki Park Department of Herbology College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Gyeongju (740-814) Republic of Korea Korean Medicine Research and Development Center dongguk University Gyeongju (740-814) Republic of Korea Department of Acupuncture College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Gyeongju (740-814) Republic of Korea

Objective： To investigate whether the dried root of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht（Phellodendri cortex; PC） extract improves arthritic symptoms through anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Methods： Rheumatoid arthritis（RA） was induced in male DBA/1 mice by immunization with type Ⅱ collagen（ColⅡ）. CIA mice were divided into 5 groups（n=10 per a group） with normal, CIA control, PC extract（50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg）-treated, and meloxicam（50 mg/kg）-treated as the reference drug. The PC extract or meloxicam were administered orally in CIA mice once a day for 14 days after arthritis induction. Arthritic score, levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, prostaglandin E2（PGE2）, tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α, and interleukin（IL）-17 in the sera of CIA mice were measured. Histopathological changes in the ankle joints of CIA mice were also analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin（H and E）, safranin-O and immunohistochemistry using anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-17 antibodies. Results： The arthritic score was increased in CIA mice in a time-dependent manner, as were the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17. However, the oral administration of PC extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg in CIA mice significantly decreased the arthritic scores, and the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17 compared with those in the CIA group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Furthermore, histopathological improvement of the joint architecture in CIA mice was observed after administration of PC extract. PC extract also significantly inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-17 in the joints of CIA mice by suppressing the expression of their m RNA and proteins. Conclusion： PC extract may improve the pathological progression of RA through the inhibition of joint destruction by synovial inflammation and immune-stimulation, therefore, it would be a potential anti-arthritic agent in RA.

关键词： Phellodendron amurense Phellodendri cortex collagen-induced arthritis anti-arthritic effect

Modulatory effects of the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. on the function of atopic dermatitis-related calcium channels,Orai1 and TRPV3

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第7期6卷 580-585页

作者： Joo Hyun Nam hyo Won Jung Young-Won Chin Woo kyung Kim hyo Sang Bae Department of Physiology College of MedicineChannelopathy Research Center(CRC)Dongguk University Department of Herbology College of Korean MedicineDongguk University College of Pharmacy Dongguk University Department of Internal Medicine Graduate School of MedicineChannelopathy Research Center(CRC)Dongguk University Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine College of Korean MedicineDongguk University

Objective: To examine the effects of Tribulus terrestris L.(T. terrestris) extract on the modulation of calcium channels to evaluate its use in topical agents for treatment of atopic ***: The 70% methanol extract of T. terrestris was prepared. Human HEK293 T cells with over-expressed calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1(Orai1),transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, or transient receptor potential vanilloid 3(TRPV3)were treated with T. terrestris extract. Modulation of ion channels was measured using a conventional whole-cell patch-clamp ***: T. terrestris extract(100 mg/m L) significantly inhibited Orai1 activity in Orai1-stromal interaction molecule 1 co-overexpressed HEK293 T cells. In addition, T. terrestris extract significantly increased the TRPV3 activity compared with 2-Aminoethyl diphenylborinate(100 mmol/L), which induces the full activation of ***: Our results suggest that T. terrestris extract may have a therapeutic potential for recovery of abnormal skin barrier pathologies in atopic dermatitis through modulating the activities of calcium ion channels, Orai1 and TRPV3. This is the first study to report the modulatory effect of a medicinal plant on the function of ion channels in skin barrier.

关键词： Tribulus terrestris L. Atopic dermatitis Ion channels ORAI1 TRPV3

Rational strategy for power doubling of monolithic multijunction III-V photovoltaics by accommodating attachable scattering waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2734-2744页

作者： Shin Hyung Lee hyo Jin Kim Jae-Hyun Kim Gwang Yeol Park Sun-kyung Kim Sung-Min Lee School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center Korea Photonics Technology InstituteGwangju 61007Republic of Korea Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

While waveguide-based light concentrators offer significant advantages,their application has not been considered an interesting option for assisting multijunction or other two-terminal tandem solar *** this study,we present a simple yet effective approach to enhancing the output power of transfer-printed multijunction InGaP/GaAs solar *** utilizing a simply combinable waveguide concentrator featuring a coplanar waveguide with BaSO4 Mie scattering elements,we enable the simultaneous absorption of directly illuminated solar flux and indirectly waveguided *** deployment of cells is optimized for front-surface photon collection in monofacial *** systematic comparisons across various waveguide parameters,supported by both experimental and theoretical quantifications,we demonstrate a remarkable improvement in the maximum output power of a 26%-efficient cell,achieving an enhancement of~93%with the integration of the optimal scattering ***,a series of supplementary tests are conducted to explore the effective waveguide size,validate enhancements in arrayed cell module performance,and assess the drawbacks associated with rear *** findings provide a comprehensive understanding of our proposed approach towards advancing multi-junction photovoltaics.

关键词： waveguide scattering power