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A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE TRAIN-INDUCED UNSTEADY AIRFLOW IN A SUBWAY TUNNEL WITH NATURAL VENTILATION DUCTS USING THE DYNAMIC LAYERING METHOD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第2期22卷 164-172页

作者： HUANG Yuan-dong GAO Wei KIM Chang-Nyung Department of Environmental Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093China Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin 449-701 Korea Industrial Liaison Research Institute Kyung Hee University Yongin 449-701 Korea

The objective of this study is to investigate numerically the characteristics of train-induced unsteady airflow in a subway tunnel with natural ventilation ducts.A three-dimensional numerical model using the dynamic layering method for the moving boundary of a train is first developed,and then it is validated against the model tunnel experimental *** the tunnel and subway train geometries in the numerical model exactly the same as those in the model tunnel experimental test,but with the ventilation ducts being connected to the tunnel ceiling and a barrier placed at the tunnel outlet,the three-dimensional train-induced unsteady tunnel flows are numerically *** computed distributions of the pressure and the air velocity in the tunnel as well as the time series of the mass flow rate at the ventilation ducts reveal the impact of the train motion on the exhaust and suction of the air through ventilation ducts and the effects of a barrier placed at the tunnel outlet on the duct ventilation *** the train approaches a ventilation duct,the air is pushed out of the tunnel through the *** the train passes the ventilation duct,the exhaust flow in the duct is changed rapidly to the suction *** the train passes the duct,the suction mass flow rate at the duct decreases with time since the air pressure at the opening of the duct is gradually recovered with time.A drastic change in the mass flow rate at a ventilation duct while a train passes the corresponding ventilation duct,causes a change in the exhaust mass flow rate at other ventilation ***,when a barrier is placed at the tunnel outlet,the air volume discharge rate at each ventilation duct is greatly increased,i.e.,the barrier placed at the tunnel outlet can improve remarkably the ventilation performance through each duct.

关键词： train-induced flow subway tunnel natural ventilation duct ventilation performance dynamic layering method

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Randomized Clinical Trials on Eastern-Western Integrative Medicine for Health Care in Korean Literature:A Systematic Review

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第1期17卷 48-51页

作者： Myeong Soo Lee Byung-Cheul Shin Tae-Young Choi Jong-In KimDepartment of Acupuncture and Moxibustion kyung hee university Seoul South Korea Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine DaejeonSouth Korea Division of Clinical Medicine School of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsanSouth Korea

Objective：To summarize and critically evaluate the evidence for and against the effectiveness of Eastern-Western integrative medicine（EWIM） for health care compared to Eastern medicine（EM） or Western medicine（WM） ***：Systematic searches were conducted on five Korean medical *** searches were also conducted through nine major Korean medical *** randomized clinical trials （RCTs） were included if EWIM was tested for any type of conditions compared to EM or ***：There were one hundred forty-one possibly relevant studies were identified,and seven RCTs were *** risk of bias was high in most *** EWIM methods were compared with EM or WM in patients with pain conditions in four *** studies showed favorable effects of EWIM on pain reduction in patients with shoulder pain and chronic headache compared with EM,while the other RCTs failed to do so in traffic injury *** studies tested EWIM in patients with Bell＇s palsy compared with EM and found acute functional *** RCT comparing EWIM with WM in patients with acne showed a significant ***：The results of our systematic review suggest that there is limited evidence for the superiority of EWIM over EM or WM in the treatment of pain and acute symptom improvement in patients with Bell＇s *** evidence from our analysis was limited from the low number of RCTs included and the high risk of *** RCTs appear to be warranted.

关键词： Eastern-Western integrative medicine systematic review randomized clinical trial Korean literature

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The Physical Nature of H_2CO Clouds in Dark Clouds, B5 and L1535

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天文研究与技术 1999年第S1期 250-254页

作者： Y.K. Minn 1, Y.B.Lee 2 1 (kyung hee university, Yong in 499-701, Korea) 2 (Seoul National university of Education, Seoul 137-742, Korea)

By fitting the data of the H 2CO 2 mm (140 GHz and 150 GHz), 2cm (1 45GHz) and, 6 cm (4 3GHz) lines we observed in the dark clouds, B5 and L1535, to the values calculated by the hydrostatic equitlibrium polytropic model developed by B.E. Turner, we derived the total density, the fractional abundance of H 2CO, the column densities of H 2 and CO, the line temperature arising from various transitions, the line temperature ratio between different transitions, and visual extinction at the cores of the clouds. We also examined the effect of external UV field intensity on the line temperatures and their ratios.

关键词： Nature CO The Physical Nature of H2CO Clouds in B5 and L1535 Dark Clouds

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Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO kyung PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG hee LIM SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

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Aligned Ion Conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane‑Based Electrolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic Chains for Solid‑State Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 169-186页

作者： Bitgaram Kim Myeong‑Chang Sung Gwang‑hee Lee Byoungjoon Hwang Sojung Seo Ji‑Hun Seo Dong‑Wan Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Center Institute for Advanced Engineering(IAE)Yongin 17180Republic of Korea

A critical challenge hindering the practical application of lithium–oxygen batteries(LOBs)is the inevitable problems associated with liquid electrolytes,such as evaporation and safety *** study addresses these problems by proposing a modified polyrotaxane(mPR)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)design that simultaneously mitigates solvent-related problems and improves ***-SPE exhibits high ion conductivity(2.8×10^(−3)S cm^(−1)at 25℃)through aligned ion conduction pathways and provides electrode protection ability through hydrophobic chain *** this mPR-SPE into solid-state LOBs resulted in stable potentials over 300 *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of an LiO_(2)intermediate alongside Li_(2)O_(2)during oxygen *** situ X-ray diffraction confirm the ability of the SPE to hinder the permeation of oxygen and moisture,as demonstrated by the air permeability *** present study suggests that maintaining a low residual solvent while achieving high ionic conductivity is crucial for restricting the sub-reactions of solid-state LOBs.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte Lithium-oxygen batteries Polyrotaxane ion conductivity Hydrophobic chain

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Clinical application of traditional herbal medicine in five countries and regions: Japan;South Korea;China's Mainland;Hong Kong, China;Taiwan, China

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2015年第3期2卷 140-149页

作者： Liming Chen Yanling Fu Lin Zhang Sijia Zhao Qing Feng Yihua Cheng Tosha Yanai Daji Xu Mingyu Luo Sang Woo An Woong Seok Lee Seong Hoon Cho Byung Wook Lee Beijing university of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029China Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China Chia-Ho Chinese Medicine Clinic Taipei 11271TaiwanROC Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine SeoulRepublic of Korea College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea School of Korean Medicine Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea

Objective:To study the characteristics of the clinical application of traditional herbal medicine in five countries and regions where traditional medicine(TM)is widely used:Japan;South Korea;China's Mainland;Hong Kong,China;Taiwan,*** to analyze,from multiple angles,the variations in the methods of TM used in each countries and ***:Fifty commonly used traditional herbs(TOP50)from classical formulae were selected,and descriptive statistics,correlation analyses,and Friedman test were used to compare methods of clinical application and dosages in the countries and regions of interest based on a retrospective review of randomly-selected medical ***:There were significant differences in sequencing TOP50 among the five countries and regions(P<.01).The adherence to the classical formulae,from strong to weak was Japan;China's Mainland;Taiwan,China;Hong Kong,China;South *** were also significant differences in TOP50 dosing regimens(P<.01).Overall dosages of TOP50 from high to low were:China's Mainland;Hong Kong,China;Taiwan,China;South Korea;***,there were significant differences in the dosage intervals(P<.01),with dosage intervals from maximum to minimum as follows:China's Mainland;Taiwan,China;Hong Kong,China;South Korea;***:The clinical dosages of traditional herbal medicine used in the China's Mainland are relatively large compared with those prescribed in the other four countries and regions,and the range of dosages in China's Mainland is more *** the other hand,clinical dosages of TOP50 are the lowest in Japan,where the dosage range is also the narrowest,supporting the idea that Doctors of Kampo medicine are highly cautious and are likely to adhere strictly to classical formulae,while Hong Kong,China and Taiwan,China are in the *** dosage of TOP50 in South Korea is significantly lower than that used in the China's Mainland;Hong Kong,China and Taiwan,China where the adherence to the classical f

关键词： Traditional herbal medicine Dosage Classical formulae China's Mainland Japan South Korea

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Inverse Problem of Flame Surface Properties of Wood using a Repulsive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第2期24卷 173-178页

作者： kyung-Beom Yoon Won-hee Park Korea Conformity Laboratories 199Gasan-digital 1-roGeumcheon-guSeoul 153-803Korea Korea Railroad Research Institute 176 Cheoldobangmulgwan-roUiwang-siGyeonggi-do 437-757Korea Korea university of Science and Technology (UST) 217 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 305-350 Korea

The convective heat transfer coefficient and surface emissivity before and after flame occurrence on a wood specimen surface and the flame heat flux were estimated using the repulsive particle swarm optimization algorithm and cone heater test results. The cone heater specified in the ISO 5660 standards was used, and six cone heater heat fluxes were tested. Preservative-treated Douglas fir 21 mm in thickness was used as the wood specimen in the tests. This study confirmed that the surface temperature of the specimen, which was calculated using the convective heat transfer coefficient, surface emissivity and flame heat flux on the wood specimen by a repulsive particle swarm optimization algorithm, was consistent with the measured temperature. Considering the measurement errors in the surface temperature of the specimen, the applicability of the optimization method considered in this study was evaluated.

关键词： Repulsive particle swarm optimization Cone calorimeter Flame heat flux Flame surface properties

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Optimization of Pyrolysis Properties using TGA and Cone Calorimeter Test

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第2期22卷 168-173页

作者： Won-hee Park kyung-Beom Yoon Eco-Transport Systems Research Division Korea Railroad Research Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University

The present paper describes an optimization work to obtain the properties related to a pyrolysis process in the solid material such as density, specific heat, conductivity of virgin and char, heat of pyrolysis and kinetic parameters used for deciding pyrolysis rate. A repulsive particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the pyrolysis-related properties. In the previous study all properties obtained only using a cone calorimeter but in this paper both the cone calorimeter and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) are used for precisely optimizing the pyrolysis properties. In the TGA test a very small mass is heated up and conduction and heat capacity in the specimen is negligible so kinetic parameters can first be optimized. Other pyrolysis-related properties such as virgin/char specific heat and conductivity and char density are also optimized in the cone calorimeter test with the already decided parameters in the TGA test.

关键词： Pyrolysis properties Thermogravimetric analysis Cone calorimeter Repulsive particle swarmoptimization

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五加苷对大鼠脑梗死的保护作用

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药物评价研究 2010年第2期33卷 95-97页

作者：刘向前邹亲朋冯胜郑礼胜陆昌洙湖南中医药大学药学院湖南长沙410208 中南大学制药工程系湖南长沙410083 庆熙大学药学院生药学研究室

目的:研究五加苷对大鼠局灶性脑梗死的防治及对脑缺血模型大鼠脑梗死灶体积的影响。方法:对局灶性脑梗死的防治,采用栓线法造模,检测各组大鼠脑组织含水量,并观察脑组织形态学变化;对脑缺血模型大鼠脑梗死灶体积影响的研究,依据Zea-Long... 详细信息

目的:研究五加苷对大鼠局灶性脑梗死的防治及对脑缺血模型大鼠脑梗死灶体积的影响。方法:对局灶性脑梗死的防治,采用栓线法造模,检测各组大鼠脑组织含水量,并观察脑组织形态学变化;对脑缺血模型大鼠脑梗死灶体积影响的研究,依据Zea-Longa栓线法造模,治疗组以五加苷ig,对照组用生理盐水代替五加苷,Swanson法测定脑梗死灶体积,并观察脑组织形态学变化。结果:经五加苷治疗的局灶性脑梗死大鼠的脑含水量降低,光学显微镜下观察脑组织形态学有明显改善;经五加苷治疗的脑缺血模型大鼠脑梗死灶体积显著降低。结论:五加苷对脑梗死大鼠有明显脑保护作用。

关键词：五加苷局灶性脑梗死脑梗死灶体积

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PopFlow:a novel flow management scheme for SDN switch of multiple flow tables based on flow popularity

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第6期14卷 111-122页

作者： Cheng WANG kyung Tae KIM hee Yong YOUN College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea College of Software Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea

Pipeline processing is applied to mutiple flow tables(MFT)in the switch of software-defined network(SDN)to increase the throughput of the ***,the processing time of each flow increases as the size or number of flow tables gets *** this paper we propose a novel approach called PopFlow where a table keeping popular flow entries is located up front in the pipeline,and an express path is provided for the flow matching the table.A Markov model is employed for the selection of popular entries considering the match latency and match frequency,and Queuing theory is used to model the flow processing time of the existing MFT-based schemes and the proposed *** simulation reveals that the proposed scheme substantially reduces the flow processing time compared to the existing schemes,and the diference gets more significant as the flow arrival rate increases.

关键词： edge computing SDN pipeline processing PopFlow match frequency and latency markov model-based prediction

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