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Strategy of photo-protection in phytoplankton assemblages in the Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Arctic

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第1期34卷 1-12页

作者： Sun-Yong ha Doo Byoul LEE Sung-ho KANG kyung-hoon SHIN Korea Polar Research Institute 26 Songdomirae-ro Yeonsu-gu Incheon 406-840 Republic of Korea hanyang University Marine Environmental Science Department 1271 Sa-3 dong Sangnok-gu Ansan Kyeonggi-do 425-791 Republic of Korea

Photo-protective functions were investigated in phytoplankton assemblages at Kongsfjorden, Svalbard in spring, using their UV-absorbing compounds （mycosporine-like amino acids （MAAs））, xanthophyllpigments （diadinoxanthin （DD） and diatoxanthin （DT）） and〈beta〉-dimethylsulphoniopropionate （〈beta〉-DMSP）. The dominant phytoplankton species in the inner bay were dominated by Phaeocystis spp. and nanoflagellates, while the offshore waters were dominated by Thalassiosira spp. In the inner bay, UV- absorbing compounds and xanthophyll pigments exhibited higher ratios of MAA to chlorophyll a （MAA：chl a ratio）, and both DD and DT to chlorophyll a （DD：chl a ratio and DT：chl a ratio）, respectively. Thus, the photoprotective-pigrnents such as DD and DT appear to complement MAAs in the natural phytoplankton assemblage. however, the ratio of 〈beta〉-DMSP to chlorophyll a （〈beta〉-DMSP：chl a ratio） did not show a distinct spatial distribution according to environmental factors or interspecies differences. In this study, we found that photoprotective compounds occurred in a manner dependent on the phytoplankton species composition in Kongsfjorden Bay, where Phaeocystis is the dominant species.

关键词： photo-protective compounds dimethylsulphoniumpropionate (DMSP) xanthophyll pigment Kongsf]orden Bay UV radiation

Effect of Ionic Liquid on Retention of Solutes on C_(18) Column Based on Linear Solvation Energy Relationships

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第3期25卷 306-311页

作者： ROW kyung ho Center for Advanced Bio Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University

Several chromatography systems with ionic liquids and a mixture of water with the modifier as mobile phase were characterized via the linear solvation energy relationships（LSER） model. The effects of the ionic liquids and modifier（methanol） concentrations on the retention of 10 solutes（caffeine, pyridine, aniline, phenol, methylparaben, acetopenone, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-cresol, and benzene） were discussed. The LSER model demonstrated high potential to predict retention factors with high squared correlation coefficients（r^2〉 0.97）. A comparison of predictable and experimental retention factors revealed that LSER can adequately reproduce the experimental retention factors of the solutes under different investigated experimental conditions. This model is a helpful tool to evaluate the retention characteristics of ionic liquid systems and to understand the interactions of solutes and ionic liquids.

关键词： Ionic liquid Linear solvation energy relationships Retention Modifier

Adsorption Isotherms of Quercetin and Catechin Compounds on Quercetin-MIP

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第4期23卷 412-416页

作者： ROW kyung ho Center for Advanced Bioseparation Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University253 Yonghyun-DongNam-KuIncheon 402-751Korea

A molecular imprinted polymer（MIP） was prepared with quereetin as the template and methaerylie acid（MAA） as the functional monomer. Aeetonitrile and methanol were used as the porogen with ethylene glycol dimethaerylate （EGDMA） as the erosslinker and 2,2＇-azobis （ isobutyronitrile ）（ AIBN ） as the initiator. The experimental parameters of the equilibrium isotherms were estimated via linear and nonlinear regression analyses. The linear equadon as the functions of the adsorption concentration of the single compound in its solution and the competitive adsorption of the single compound in its mixed compounds solution was then expressed, and the adsorption equilibrium data were correlated to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The mixture compounds show competitive adsorption on the specific binding sites of quereetin-MIP. Furthermore, the competitive Langmnir isotherms were applied to the mixture compounds. The adsorption concentrations of quercetin, （＋）eatechin（＋C）, and （-）epieateehin（EC） on the quercetin molecular imprinted polymer were compared. The quercetin-imprinted polymer shows extraordinarily higher adsorption ability for quercetin than for the two eateehin compounds that were also assessed.

关键词： Adsorption isotherm Molecular imprinted polymer Quercetin (+) Catechin (-) Epicatechin

Evaluation of Retention Factors for Nine Solutes with Ionic Liquid Additives via Linear Solvation Energy Relationships

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2010年第4期26卷 532-536页

作者： ROW kyung-ho Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University

A linear solvation energy relationships（LSERs） model was used to examine the fundamental chemical interactions governing the retention of 9 organic compounds on a C18 column by means of reversed-phase high performance liquid cbromatography（RP-HPLC）. Three ionic liquids, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate （[Hmin][BF4]）, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate（[Bmin][BF4]） and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate（[OMIm][BF4]） as additives, were added to a methanol-water mobile phase. The effects of these three ionic liquids additives on the retention of nine organic compounds were investigated, and a comparison between the predicted and experimental retention factors was made via the LSERs model, which indicated that the LSERs model could be used to reproduce the experimental retention factors of the solutes under different mobile phase conditions. It is also a useful tool for modeling the interactions of the solutes between the stationary and mobile phases and evaluating the retention characteristics of HPLC.

关键词： Retention factor Ionic liquid Additive Mobile phase Model

Snowstorm over the Southwestern Coast of the Korean Peninsula Associated with the Development of Mesocyclone over the Yellow Sea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第5期25卷 765-777页

作者： Ki-Young HEO kyung-Ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Korea

This study investigates the characteristics of a heavy snowfall event over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula on 4 December 2005. The snowstorm was a type of mesoscale maritime cyclone which resulted from barotropic instability, and diabatic heating from the warm ocean in continental polar air masses. Based on surface observations, radiosonde soundings, MTSAT-1R satellite data and the 10-km grid RDAPS （Regional Assimilation and Prediction System based on the PSU/NCAR MM5） data, the evolution of the mesocyclone is explained by the following dynamics; （1） In the initial stage, the primary role in the cyclogenesis process of the mesocyclone is a barotropic instability in the horizontal shear zone. （2） In the developing stage, the mesocyclone moves and deepens into a baroclinic zone corresponding to the surface heating and moistening. （3） In the mature stage, it is found that the mesocyclone is intensified by the destabilization caused by enhanced low-level heating and condensation, the moisture flux convergence, and the interaction between upper and lower-level potential vorticity anomalies. We suggest that a checklist with stepwise indicators responsible for development be prepared for the forecasting of heavy snowfall over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula.

关键词： heavy snowfall mesocyclone baroclinic instability barotropic instability stepwise roles potential vorticity anomalies

Association between Tropical Convection and Boreal Wintertime Extratropical Circulation in 1982/83 and 1988/89

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2003年第4期20卷 593-603页

作者： Ja-Yeon MOON kyung-Ja ha Climate Research Laboratory Meteorological Research InstituteSeoul156-720KoreaDepartment of Atmospheric SciencesPusan National UniversityPusan609-735Korea

Boreal wintertime extratropical circulation is studied in relation to the tropical convection during the 1982/83 El Niño and 1988/89 La Niña. The anomaly structure of 1982/83 and 1988/89 over the extratropics reveals remarkably different features as the longitudinal tropical forcing region changes. The Rossby wave source (Positive) shows the largest maximum over East Asia in both years due to the persistent heating from the western Pacific warm pool area. however, the sink term shows contrasting features over the subtropics and extratropics between the two years. In the El Niño year, enhanced tropical convection over the eastern Pacific produces the Rossby wave sink at 10°N and shifted eastward over the North Pacific, while in the La Niña year, the sink area is shifted westward over the North Pacific. The contrasting features between the two events in mean-eddy interaction appears especially over the downstream area of the East Asian Jet. The extension (retraction) of the meanflow eastward (westward) to the east (west) of the dateline is related with the effect of the westward (eastward) E-vector and the strengthening (weakening) of the negative anomalies of the barotropic growth of kinetic energy. Hence, almost opposite characteristics between the two events can explain the close relationship of tropical convection and the extratropical internal variability.

关键词： tropical convection extratropical circulation rossby wave source mean-eddy interaction

Implementation of Turbulent Mixing over a Stratocumulus-Topped Boundary Layer and Its Impact in a GCM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第5期26卷 995-1004页

作者： Sun-Hee SHIN kyung-Ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System Pusan National University

The effect of a vertical diffusion scheme over a stratocumulus topped boundary layer （STBL） was investigated using the YONU AGCM （Yonsei University Atmospheric General Circulation Model）. To consider the impact of clouds on the turbulence production, the turbulence mixing term, driven by radiative cooling at the cloud top, is implemented as an extended non-local diffusion scheme. In the model with this new scheme, the STBL parameterization significantly influences the lower atmosphere over the tropical and subtropical regions. Consideration of the turbulent mixing within the cloud layer leads to continuous stratocumulus formation. The cloud-top radiative cooling tends to favor more rapid entrainment and produces top-down turbulent mixing. This cooling develops a mixed layer without initiation of deep convection by surface fluxes. Variations in thermodynamical and dynamical features are produced by planetary boundary layer （PBL） cloud development. The simulated stratocumulus induces more mixing of heat and moisture due to the cloud forcing. Over STBL regions, the lower boundary layer becomes warmer and drier. It also weakens vertical motion and zonal trade winds in the eastern Pacific, which indicates that stratocumulus cloud cover plays a role in weakening the Walker circulation; that is, cloud cover damps the tropical circulation.

关键词： stratocumulus topped boundary layer non-local diffusion scheme tropical circulation general circulation model

Fiber-based quantum-dot pulse oximetry for wearable health monitoring with high wavelength selectivity and photoplethysmogram sensitivity

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 413-424页

作者： ho Seung Lee Byeongju Noh Seong Uk Kong Yong ha Hwang ha-Eun Cho Yongmin Jeon kyung Cheol Choi School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnamRepublic of Korea

Increasing demand for real-time healthcare monitoring is leading to advances in thin and flexible optoelectronic device-based wearable pulse *** previous studies have used OLEDs for this purpose,but did not consider the side effects of broad full-width half-maximum(FWHM)characteristics and single *** this study,we performed SpO_(2)measurement using a fiber-based quantum-dot pulse oximetry(FQPO)system capable of mass production with a transferable encapsulation technique,and a narrow FWHM of about 30 *** on analyses we determined that uniform angular narrow FWHM-based light sources are important for accurate SpO_(2)measurements through multi-layer structures and human skin *** FQPO was shown to have improved photoplethysmogram(PPG)signal sensitivity with no waveguide-mode noise signal,as is typically generated when using a single substrate(30–50%).We successfully demonstrate improved SpO_(2)measurement accuracy as well as all-in-one clothing-type pulse oximetry with FQPO.

关键词： pulse waveguide quantum

Optimal Spatial Allocation of Initial Attack Resources for Firefighting in the Republic of Korea Using a Scenario Optimization Model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 323-335页

作者： Yohan LEE Byungdoo LEE kyung ha KIM Korea Rural Economic Institute 117-3 Hoegi-ro Dongdeamun-guSeoul 130-710 South Korea Korea Forest Research Institute Hoegiro 57 Dongdaemun-guSeoul 130-712 South Korea

【Title】 This study explores the optimal spatial allocation of initial attack resources for firefighting in the Republic of Korea. To improve the effectiveness of Korean initial attack resources with a range of policy goals, we create a scenario optimization model that minimizes the expected number of fires not receiving a predefined response. In this study, the predefined response indicates the number of firefighting resources that must arrive at a fire before the fire escapes and becomes a large fire. We use spatially explicit GIS-based information on the ecology, fire behavior, and economic characterizations important in Korea. The data include historical fire events in the Republic of Korea from 1991 to 2007, suppression costs, and spatial information on forest fire extent. Interviews with forest managers inform the range of we address in the decision model. Based on the geographic data, we conduct a sensitivity analysis by varying the parameters systematically. Information on the relative importance of the components of the settings helps us to identify “rules of thumb” for initial attack resource allocations in particular ecological and policy settings.

关键词： Spatial allocation Initial attack Firefighting The Republic of Korea Senario optimization