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Spatial distribution of leprosy in India:an ecological study

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 206-214页

作者： kyra h.grantz Winnie Chabaari Ramolotja Kagiso Samuel Buri Gershom Laura Blum Lee Worden Sarah Ackley Fengchen Liu Thomas M.Lietman Alison P.Galvani Lalitha Prajna Travis C.Porco Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA DST/NRF Center for Excellence in Epidemiological Modeling and Analysis(SACEMA) StellenboschSouth Africa Stellenbosch University StellenboschSouth Africa African Institute of Mathematical Sciences MuizenbergSouth Africa University of California BerkeleyCAUSA Francis I.Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Yale University New HavenCTUSA Aravind Eye hospital MaduraiTamil NaduIndia

Background:As leprosy elimination becomes an increasingly realistic goal,it is essential to determine the factors that contribute to its *** evaluate social and economic factors as predictors of leprosy annual new case detection rates within India,where the majority of leprosy cases ***:We used correlation and linear mixed effect regressions to assess whether poverty,illiteracy,nighttime satellite radiance(an index of development),and other covariates can explain district-wise annual new case detection rate and Grade 2 disability ***:We find only weak evidence of an association between poverty and annual new case detection rates at the district level,though illiteracy and satellite radiance are statistically significant predictors of leprosy at the district *** find no evidence of rapid decline over the period 2008-2015 in either new case detection or new Grade 2 ***:Our findings suggest a somewhat higher rate of leprosy detection,on average,in poorer districts;the overall effect is *** divide between leprosy case detection and true incidence of clinical leprosy complicates these results,particularly given that the detection rate is likely disproportionately lower in impoverished *** information is needed to distinguish the determinants of leprosy case detection and transmission during the elimination epoch.

关键词： Leprosy hansen’s disease India Poverty Spatial

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Ethyl-iophenoxic acid as a quantitative bait marker for small mammals

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 981-990页

作者： kyra JACOBLINNERT Christian IMhOLT Detlef SChENKE Jens JACOB Julius Kühn Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and ForestsVertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany Department of Behavioral Biology University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany Julius Kühn Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Ecological ChemistryPlant Analysis and Stored Product ProtectionBerlinGermany

Bait markers are indispensable for ecological research but in small mammals,most markers are invasive,expensive and do not enable quantitative analyses of ***-iophenoxic acid(Et-IPA)is a non-toxic,quantitative bait marker,which has been used for studying bait uptake in several carnivores and *** developed a bait with Et-IPA,assessed its palatability to common voles(Microtus arvalis),and determined the dose-residue-relation for this important agricultural pest rodent ***-IPA concentrations of 40 to 1280μg Et-IPA per g bait were applied to wheat using sunﬂower oil or polyethylene glycol 300 as potential *** a laboratory study,common voles were offered the bait and blood samples were collected 1,7,and 14 days after *** samples were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS/MS for blood residues of ***ﬂower-oil was the most suitable bait ***-IPA seemed to be palatable to common voles at all test ***-dependent residues could be detected in blood samples in a dose-dependent manner and up to 14 days after uptake enabling generation of a calibration curve of the dose-residue ***-IPA was present in common vole blood for at least 14 days,but there was dissipation by 33–37%depending on ***-IPA meets many criteria for an“ideal”quantitative bait marker for use in futureﬁeld studies on common voles and possibly other small mammal species.

关键词： baiting biomarker Microtus arvalis quantitative bait marker small mammals

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The status of fertility control for rodents—recent achievements and future directions

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 964-980页

作者： kyra JACOBLINNERT Jens JACOB Zhibin ZhANG Lyn A.hINDS Julius Kühn-Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and ForestsVertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany Department of Behavioral Biology University OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CSIRO health and Biosecurity CanberraACTAustralia

Management of overabundant rodents at a landscape scale is complex but often required to sustainably reduce rodent abundance below damage *** conventional techniques such as poisoning are not species speciﬁc,with some approaches becoming increasingly unacceptable to the general *** control,ﬁrst proposed for vertebrate pest management over 5 decades ago,has gained public acceptance because it is perceived as a potentially more species-speciﬁc and humane approach compared with many lethal *** ideal fertility control agent needs to induce infertility across one or more breeding seasons,be easily delivered to an appro-priate proportion of the population,be species speciﬁc with minimal side-effects(behavioral or social structure changes),and be environmentally benign and cost *** date,effective fertility control of rodents has not been demonstrated at landscape scales and very few products have achieved *** targets for fertility control include disrupting the hormonal feedback associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,gonad function,fertilization,and/or early *** review progress on the oral delivery of various agents for which laboratory studies have demonstrated efﬁcacy in females and/or males and synthesize progress with the development and/or use of synthetic steroids,plant extracts,ovarian speciﬁc peptides,and immunocontracep-tive *** are promising results forﬁeld application of synthetic steroids(levonorgestrel,quinestrol),chemosterilants(4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide),and some plant extracts(triptolide).For most fertility control agents,more research is essential to enable their efﬁcient and cost-effective delivery such that rodent impacts at a population level are mitigated and food security is improved.

关键词： ecologically based rodent management levonorgestrel quinestrol triptolide 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide

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Epidemiology of insertional and midportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第2期13卷 256-263页

作者： Wenbo Chen kyra L.A.Cloosterman Sita M.A.Bierma-Zeinstra Marienke van Middelkoop Robert-Jan de Vos Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Department of General Practice Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Department of Sports Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT)is a common problem among *** is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT *** study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and midportion AT,though they are considered *** study aimed to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective *** secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional and midportion ***:Participants were recruited from among registered runners at registration for running *** were completed at baseline,1 month before the event,1 week before the event,and 1 month after the *** concerning demographics,training load,registered events,and running-related injuries were collected at *** follow-up questionnaires collected information about new injuries.A pain map was used to diagnose midportion and insertional *** primary outcome was the incidence of *** logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for the ***:We included 3379 participants with a mean follow-up of 20.4 *** incidence of AT was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional AT was 27.7%and of midportion AT was 63.8%;the remaining proportion was a combined type of insertional and midportion *** had a significantly higher incidence(5%,95%confidence interval(95%CI):4.1%-6.0%)than women(2.8%,95%CI:2.0%-3.8%).AT in the past12 months was the most predominant risk factor for new-onset AT(odds ratio(OR)=6.47,95%CI:4.27-9.81).This was similar for both subcategories of AT(insertional:OR=5.45,95%CI:2.51-11.81;midportion:OR=6.96,95%CI:4.24-11.40).Participants registering for an event with a distance of 10/10.55 km were less likely to develop a new-onset AT(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.36-0.97)or midportion AT(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.93).higher age had a significant negative association with insertional AT(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.9

关键词： Achilles tendon injury Incidence Risk factor Running-related injury

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爱情在电影中沦陷

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男生女生（银版） 2009年第2期 57-61页

作者： kyra

像冬日阳光般令人惆怅的爱，忧伤贯穿全部，看完了，你会记住这段未曾发生的爱情。绝望的电影也好，隐忍的爱情也罢，都是如此危险和脆弱，触手可及，却各分东西。

关键词：爱情电影忧伤

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