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Regulation of sleep by astrocytes in the hypothalamic ventrolateral preoptic nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jae-Hong Kim Ruqayya Afridi Il-Sung Jang Maan Gee Lee kyoungho suk Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science&Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Astrocytes are functionally dynamic cells that support neurons in multiple ways throughout an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity has been increasingly recognized in recent *** are now recognized as playing a more complex role than mere bystanders in the central nervous ***,their role in regulating the sleep neurocircuitry is not well *** this perspective,we highlight the role of astrocytes in sleep modulation,with a particular focus on regulatory mechanisms related to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of the *** briefly discuss recent literature reporting the role of VLPO astrocytes in regulating sleep-associated behaviors.

关键词： sleep ventrolateral astrocytes

Targeting glial metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases:detail matters

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2393-2394页

作者： Ruqayya Afridi kyoungho suk Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences BK21 PLUS KNU Biomedical Convergence ProgramSchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea

Neurodegenerative diseases,a group of disorders associated with advanced age,are typified by the disease-specific accumulation of mutant proteins and *** decades,treatment modalities for these disorders have focused on addressing neuronal malfu nction,which has resulted in the failure of *** studies have identified the crucial role of glial cells in exacerbating neurodegenerative processes via the release of neuroinflammatory ***,the major immune component of the central nervous system (CNS),undergo numerous phenotypic transitions and regulate the outcomes of various pathologies (Afridi et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative metabolism diseases

Unexpected role of complement component 8 gamma chain in the inflamed brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2655-2656页

作者： Jong-Heon Kim kyoungho suk Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Neuroinflammation,an intricate inflammatory process occurring in the central nervous system(CNS),plays an important role in host *** cells,including astrocytes and microglia,along with cytokines,chemokines,and the complement system are important components of neuroinflammation.A low level of neuroinflammation is associated with and contributes to various homeostatic and neuroprotective processes,such as removing pathogens or cellular debris and promoting tissue repair after brain injury.

关键词： inflammation protective removing

Flexible thermocouple using a thermoelectric graphene fiber with a seamless junction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 15-22页

作者： Seungwon Kim Soomook Lim Myeong Hee Jeong Wonjoon Kim Seunghyun Baik Ji Won suk School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Smart Fab.Technology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

Temperature is an important physical variable that indicates the condition of the human body and artificial *** wearable applications require the development of temperature sensors with different form *** this study,a fiber-shaped thermoelectric temperature sensor is fabricated using a continuous graphene fiber whose two halves possess different reduction states.A seamless junction is formed by partially reducing a wet-spun graphene oxide fiber with hydroiodic acid(HI)solutions of different ***-half of the fiber is mildly reduced with 0.97 wt%HI,while the other half is highly reduced with 30.6 wt%*** different reduction states of the graphene composite fiber result in different Seebeck coefficients,allowing for the fabrication of a fiber-shaped graphene thermocou-ple without any laborious *** flexible graphene thermocouple exhibits high sensitivity with a thermopower of 12.5μV K^(-1)in the temperature range of room temperature to∼70℃.Furthermore,it exhibits high linearity with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.995 and fast response with a time constant of 0.24 *** to its mechanical robustness and flexibility,the stand-alone graphene ther-mocouple can be knitted into a cotton fabric glove,which presents a fast response to environmental changes without any external power *** work offers a unique fabrication method for producing a high-performance,flexible thermocouple that features a seamless and clear junction without the use of additional *** alternative method eliminates the complicated assembly processes typically required for conventional thermocouples.

关键词： Graphene fiber Thermocouple Reduced graphene oxide Flexible temperature sensor Seebeck coefficient

Integrating artificial intelligence and high-throughput phenotyping for crop improvement

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1787-1802页

作者： Mansoor Sheikh Farooq Iqra Hamadani Ambreen Kumar A Pravin Manzoor Ikra Yong suk Chung Phenomics Laboratory Department of Plant Resources and EnvironmentJeju National UniversityJeju 63234Republic of Korea Council of Scientific&Industrial Research Indian Institute of Integrative MedicinePulwamaJ&K 192301India Animal and Dairy Science University of WisconsinMadisonWI 530706United States of America Division of Fruit Science Faculty of HorticultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirSrinagar 190025India

Crop improvement is crucial for addressing the global challenges of food security and sustainable *** advancements in high-throughput phenotyping(HTP)technologies and artificial intelligence(AI)have revolutionized the field,enabling rapid and accurate assessment of crop traits on a large *** integration of AI and machine learning algorithms with HTP data has unlocked new opportunities for crop *** algorithms can analyze and interpret large datasets,and extract meaningful patterns and correlations between phenotypic traits and genetic *** technologies have the potential to revolutionize plant breeding programs by providing breeders with efficient and accurate tools for trait selection,thereby reducing the time and cost required for variety ***,further research and collaboration are needed to overcome the existing challenges and fully unlock the power of HTP and AI in crop *** leveraging AI algorithms,researchers can efficiently analyze phenotypic data,uncover complex patterns,and establish predictive models that enable precise trait selection and crop *** aim of this review is to explore the transformative potential of integrating HTP and AI in crop *** review will encompass an in-depth analysis of recent advances and applications,highlighting the numerous benefits and challenges associated with HTP and AI.

关键词： artificial intelligence crop improvement data analysis high-throughput phenotyping machine learning precision agriculture trait selection

TEAM:Transformer Encoder Attention Module for Video Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 451-477页

作者： Hae Sung Park Yong suk Choi Department of Artificial Intelligence Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea

Much like humans focus solely on object movement to understand actions,directing a deep learning model’s attention to the core contexts within videos is crucial for improving video *** the recent study,Video Masked Auto-Encoder(VideoMAE)employs a pre-training approach with a high ratio of tube masking and reconstruction,effectively mitigating spatial bias due to temporal redundancy in full video *** steers the model’s focus toward detailed temporal ***,as the VideoMAE still relies on full video frames during the action recognition stage,it may exhibit a progressive shift in attention towards spatial contexts,deteriorating its ability to capture the main spatio-temporal *** address this issue,we propose an attention-directing module named Transformer Encoder Attention Module(TEAM).This proposed module effectively directs the model’s attention to the core characteristics within each video,inherently mitigating spatial *** TEAM first figures out the core features among the overall extracted features from each *** that,it discerns the specific parts of the video where those features are located,encouraging the model to focus more on these informative ***,during the action recognition stage,the proposed TEAM effectively shifts the VideoMAE’s attention from spatial contexts towards the core spatio-temporal *** attention-shift manner alleviates the spatial bias in the model and simultaneously enhances its ability to capture precise video *** conduct extensive experiments to explore the optimal configuration that enables the TEAM to fulfill its intended design purpose and facilitates its seamless integration with the VideoMAE *** integrated model,i.e.,VideoMAE+TEAM,outperforms the existing VideoMAE by a significant margin on Something-Something-V2(71.3%vs.70.3%).Moreover,the qualitative comparisons demonstrate that the TEAM encourages the model to disregard insignificant featur

关键词： Video classification action recognition vision transformer masked auto-encoder

Rice ONAC016 promotes leaf senescence through abscisic acid signaling pathway involving OsNAP

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 709-720页

作者： Eunji Gi Sung-Hwan Cho suk-Hwan Kim Kiyoon Kang Nam-Chon Paek Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesPlant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Division of Life Sciences Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

Senescence-induced NAC(senNAC)TFs play a crucial role in senescence during the final stage of leaf *** this study,we identified a rice senNAC,ONAC016,which functions as a positive regulator of leaf *** expression of ONAC016 increased rapidly in rice leaves during the progression of dark-induced and natural *** onac016-1 knockout mutant showed a delayed leaf yellowing phenotype,whereas the overexpression of ONAC016 accelerated leaf ***,ONAC016 expression was upregulated by abscisic acid(ABA),and thus detached leaves of the onac016-1 mutant remained green much longer under ABA *** RT-PCR analysis showed that ONAC016 upregulates the genes associated with chlorophyll degradation,senescence,and ABA *** one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays revealed that ONAC016 binds directly to the promoter regions of OsNAP,a key gene involved in chlorophyll degradation and ABA-induced *** together,these results suggest that ONAC016 plays an important role in promoting leaf senescence through the ABA signaling pathway involving OsNAP.

关键词： Rice ONAC016 OsNAP Leaf senescence Abscisic acid signaling

Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short‑term heat stress and recovery conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 812-825页

作者： A-Rang Son Seon-Ho Kim Mahfuzul Islam Michelle Miguel Ye Pyae Naing Sang-suk Lee Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory Department of Animal Science and TechnologySunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Korea Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh

Background This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic minerals on physiological responses,oxidative stress reduction,and rumen microbiota in Holstein bull calves(123.81±9.76 kg;5 months old)during short-term heat stress(HS)and recovery *** Holstein calves were randomly assigned to four treatment groups:no mineral supplementation(Con),inorganic minerals(IM),organic minerals(OM),and high-concentration organic minerals(HOM)and two thermal environments(HS and recovery)using 4×2 factorial arrangement in a crossover design of four periods of 35 *** were maintained in a temperature-controlled *** experimental period consisted of 14 d of HS,14 d of recovery condititon,and a 7-d washing *** Body temperature and respiration rate were higher in HS than in the recovery conditions(P0.05).The principal coordinate analysis represented that the overall rumen microbiota was not influenced by mineral supplementation;however,temperature-induced microbial structure shifts were indicated(PERMANOVA:P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased,whereas Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes,and Tenericutes increased(P<0.05),under HS *** genus Treponema increased under HS conditions,while Christensenella was higher in recovery conditions(P<0.05).Conc

关键词： Antioxidant status Heat stress Holstein bull calves Organic mineral supplementation Oxidative stress

Double-chambered left ventricle with a thrombus in an asymptomatic patient:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 460-465页

作者： Narae Kim In-Ho Yang Hui-Jeong Hwang Il-suk Sohn Department of Medicine Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447South Korea Department of Cardiology Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 05278South Korea

BACKGROUND Double-chambered left ventricle(DCLV)is an extremely rare congenital disease in which the left ventricle(LV)is divided by abnormal muscle *** to its rarity,there is a lack of data on the disease,including its diagnosis,treatment,and ***,we report a case in which DCLV was diagnosed and followed *** SUMMARY A 45-year-old man presented to our hospital due to abnormal findings on an electrocardiogram recorded during a health *** had no specific cardiac symptoms,comorbidities or relevant past medical *** revealed that the LV was divided into two by muscle *** were no findings of ischemia on coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography performed to exclude differential *** comprehensive analysis of the images,DCLV was *** it seemed to be asymptomatic DCLV,we decided the patient was to be observed without administering any ***,follow-up echocardiography revealed a thrombus in the accessory chamber(AC).Anticoagulant medication was initiated,the thrombus resolved,and the patient is currently undergoing follow-up without any specific *** Asymptomatic,uncomplicated DCLV was diagnosed through multimodal imaging;however,a thrombus in the AC occurred during the *** findings highlight that multimodal imaging is essential in diagnosing DCLV,and that anticoagulation is important in its management.

关键词： Double-chambered left ventricle Congenital heart disease Left ventricular aneurysm Echocardiography Coronary computed tomography angiography Contrast echocardiography Case report