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Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjamin M.Knight Connor M.Gautam Colton r.Stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph r.Smith Chris M.Orban Juan J.Manfredi kyle D.Frische Michael L.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(rement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 MeV. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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Projected Changes in Extreme Event Indices for Alaska

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 191-209页

作者： John E. Walsh kyle redilla Norman Shippee Lukas Cheung David Bigelow ronni Wilcock International Arctic research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks USA Stantec Ottawa Canada Stantec Montreal Canada Stantec Calgary Canada Two Bears Environmental Consulting Anchorage USA

As climate has warmed in recent decades, Alaska has experienced a variety of high-impact extreme events that include heat waves, wildfires, coastal storms and freezing rain. Because the warming is projected to continue, it is essential to consider future changes when planning adaptation actions and building resilience. In this study, we synthesize information on future changes in extreme events in Alaska from an ensemble of regional climate model simulations performed as part of Arctic-COrDEX (Coordinated regional Climate Downscaling Experiment). A set of 13 extreme event indices, based on those developed by the World Climate research Programme’s Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI), are evaluated from the Arctic-COrDEX output for Alaska. Of the 13 indices, six pertain to temperature, five to total precipitation, one to wind and one to snow. The results for locations in seven different climate zones of Alaska include large increases (5˚C - 10˚C) in the temperature thresholds for the five hottest and coldest days of the year, and large increases in warm spell duration and decreases in cold spell duration. Changes in the cold day temperature threshold are generally larger than the changes in the hot day temperature threshold, consistent with the projections of a stronger warming in winter than in summer in Alaska yearly maximum 1-day and 5-day precipitation amounts as well as the yearly number of consecutive wet days are projected to increase at all locations. The indices for heavy snow days and high-wind days show mixed changes, although the results indicate increases in heavy snow days at the more northern locations and increases in windy days at coastal locations. The changes in the extreme event indices continue through 2100 under the higher-emission (rCP 8.5) emission scenario, while the changes generally stabilize under the lower-emission (rCP 4.5) scenario. .

关键词： Extreme Events Temperature Precipitation Alaska Climate

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Periodic Addition of Glucose Suppressed Cyanobacterial Abundance in Additive Lake Water Samples during the Entire Bloom Season

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Journal of Water resource and Protection 2024年第2期16卷 140-155页

作者： David Linz Ian Struewing Nathan Sienkiewicz Alan David Steinman Charlyn Gwen Partridge kyle McIntosh Joel Allen Jingrang Lu Stephen Vesper United States Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati Ohio USA Annis Water resources Institute Grand Valley State University Muskegon USA Oak ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge Tennessee USA

Previously, we showed that prophylactic addition of glucose to Harsha Lake water samples could inhibit cyanobacteria growth, at least for a short period of time. The current study tested cyanobacterial control with glucose for the entire Harsha Lake bloom season. Water samples (1000 ml) were collected weekly from Harsha Lake during the algal-bloom season starting June 9 and lasting until August 24, 2022. To each of two 7-liter polypropylene containers, 500 ml of Harsha Lake water was added, and the containers were placed in a controlled environment chamber. To one container labeled “Treated,” 0.15 g of glucose was added, and nothing was added to the container labeled “Control.” After that, three 25 ml samples from each container were collected and used for 16S rrNA gene sequencing each week. Then 1000 ml of Harsha Lake water was newly collected each week, with 500 ml added to each container, along with the addition of 0.15 g glucose to the “Treated” container. Sequencing data were used to examine differences in the composition of bacterial communities between Treated and Control containers. Treatment with glucose altered the microbial communities by 1) reducing taxonomic diversity, 2) largely eliminating cyanobacterial taxa, and 3) increasing the relative abundance of subsets of non-cyanobacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota). These effects were observed across time despite weekly inputs derived directly from Lake water. The addition of glucose to a container receiving weekly additions of Lake water suppressed the cyanobacterial populations during the entire summer bloom season. The glucose appears to stimulate the diversity of certain bacterial taxa at the expense of the cyanobacteria.

关键词： Glucose Cyanobacteria 16S Amplicon Sequencing Microbial Community

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Understanding the connection between blasting and highwall stability

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 99-103页

作者： r.Quentin Eades kyle Perry Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology

Surface mines continue to implement highwalls for several reasons, such as increasing recovery, improving margins, and justifying higher stripping ratios. Highwall stability is a complex issue that is dependent upon a variety of mining and geologic factors, and a safe design is necessary for a successful surface operation. To improve highwall stability, it is important to understand the connection between local geology and blasting. Explosives are employed throughout the mining industry for primary rock breakage. There are a number of controlled blasting techniques that can be implemented to improve highwall *** include line drilling, smooth wall blasting, trim blasting, buffer blasting, air decking, and presplitting. Each of these techniques have associated advantages and disadvantages. Understanding local geology is necessary for selecting the appropriate controlled blasting technique. Furthermore, understanding the limitations and conditions for successful implementation of each technique is necessary. A discussion of the impact of geologic conditions on highwall stability is provided. Additionally, discussion is provided for the successful incorporation of the controlled blasting techniques listed above, and the associated mining and geologic factors that influence the selection and design of controlled blasting ***, a new methodology is proposed.

关键词： Controlled blasting Highwall stability Presplitting Surface mining

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264米的美国魔鬼塔为什么全球登顶者不足百人？

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环球人文地理 2024年第13期 90-97页

作者：李嘉麟 Dan Gary GrP Imagery kellyvandellen kyle samantha Jacob WOLFGANG flickr

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁...

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁能相信，近百年来，能够登上264米塔顶的登山者不足百人。那么，魔鬼塔是怎么形成的呢？这个问题，让好事者争论了一百多年。

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Sexual conflict and deception in poison frogs

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Current Zoology 2014年第1期60卷 37-42页

作者： kyle SUMMErS Department of Biology East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA

I review evidence that females deceive males in the context of sexual selection and sexual conflict in the green poison frog, Dendrobates auratus. In this species, males mate polygynously when they have the opportunity, but polygyny imposes a cost on female reproductive success. Some females attempt to guard their mates when those males are approached by other fe- males. This behavior involves both aggression toward other females and active ＂pseudo-courtship＂ of the male. This courtship is hypothesized to be a deceptive signal that ffmctions to prevent the male from mating with other females. Observational and com- parative evidence is presented in support of the predictions of this hypothesis. This form of deception is compared to similar be- haviors that occur in other species, and the possibility that other forms of deception occur in poison frogs is discussed

关键词： Deceit Amphibian Sexual selection reproductive strategy Neotropical

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Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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Military Medical research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathalie Munoz Kathleen M.Navarro Daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa L.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.Allen Lisa M.Bramer Fernando Montes Kathleen A.Clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Los Angeles County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： Multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids Metabolism Immunity

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安阳:古代中国之王城

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美成在久 2024年第4期 21-35页

作者：史可安(审校) 王倩(翻译) 不详郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院

三千年钟灵毓秀,河畔人杰地灵,古都安阳令人心驰神往。安阳般墟作为中国历史上第一个有文献可考、并为甲骨文和考古发掘所证实的商代都城遗址,出土的遗迹与遗物,细细诉说着煌煌般商的过往风云……

关键词：考古发掘甲骨文商代都城王城遗址安阳遗迹

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Image analysis and machine learning-based malaria assessment system

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第2期8卷 132-142页

作者： kyle Manning Xiaojun Zhai Wangyang Yu School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of EssexColchesterCO43SQUK Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'anChina

Malaria is an important and worldwide fatal disease that has been widely reported by the World Health Organization(WHO),and it has about 219 million cases worldwide,with 435,000 of those *** common malaria diagnosis approach is heavily reliant on highly trained experts,who use a microscope to examine the ***,there is a need to create an automated solution for the diagnosis of *** of the main objectives of this work is to create a design tool that could be used to diagnose malaria from the image of a blood *** this paper,we firstly developed a graphical user interface that could be used to help segment red blood cells and infected cells and allow the users to analyze the blood ***,a Feed-forward Neural Network(FNN)is designed to classify the cells into two *** achieved results show that the proposed techniques can be used to detect malaria,as it has achieved 92%accuracy with a database that contains 27,560 benchmark images.

关键词： Malaria assessment system Image analysis Image segmentation Artificial intelligence

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Switch mode capacitive pressure sensors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 47-60页

作者： Nabil Shalabi kyle Searles Kenichi Takahata Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada School of Biomedical Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada

Switch mode capacitive pressure sensors are proposed as a new class of microfabricated devices that transform pressure into a mechanically switching capacitance to form an analog-to-digital signal with zero power,high sensitivity,and a high signal-to-noise ratio.A pressure-sensitive gold membrane suspended over a capacitive cavity makes ohmic contact with patterned gold leads on the substrate,closing circuits to fixed on-chip capacitors outside the cavity and leading to significant step *** function is achieved by allocating the switch leads on the part of the counter electrode area,while the remaining area is used for touch mode analog capacitive *** sensor microchip is prototyped through a novel design approach to surface micromachining that integrates micro-Tesla valves for vacuum sealing the sensor cavity,showing an unprecedented response to applied *** a gauge pressure range of 0–120 mmHg,the sensor exhibits an increase of 13.21 pF with resultant switch events,each of which ranges from 2.53–3.96 pF every 12–38 mmHg,in addition to the touch mode linear capacitive increase between *** equivalent sensitivity is 80–240 fF/mmHg,which is 11–600×more than commercial and reported touch mode sensors operating in similar pressure *** sensor is further demonstrated for wireless pressure tracking by creating a resonant tank with the sensor,showing a 32.5–101.6 kHz/mmHg sensitivity with frequency jumps led by the switch *** developed sensor,with its promising performance,offers new application opportunities in a variety of device areas,including health care,robotics,industrial control,and environmental monitoring.

关键词： mode cavity sealing

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