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Esophageal cancer: A Review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging workup and treatment modalities

World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第5期6卷 112-120页

作者： kyle j napier Mary Scheerer Subhasis Misra Department of Surgery Texas Tech University Health Science Center School of Medicine Division of Surgical Oncology Chief of GastroIntestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Texas Tech University Health Science Center School of Medicine

Esophageal cancer is a serious malignancy with regards to mortality and prognosis. It is a growing health concern that is expected to increase in incidence over the next 10 years. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer worldwide, with a higher incidence in developing nations. With the increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity in developed nations, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has dramatically increased in the past 40 years. Esophageal cancer is staged according to the widely accepted TNM system. Staging plays an integral part in guiding stage specific treatment protocols and has a great impact on overall survival. Common imaging modalities used in staging include computed tomography, endoscopic ultrasound and positron emission tomography scans. Current treatment options include multimodality therapy mainstaysof current treatment include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Tumor markers of esophageal cancer are an advancing area of research that could potentially lead to earlier diagnosis as well as playing a part in assessing tumor response to therapy.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Esophageal cancer staging Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal adenocarcinoma Surgery

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