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Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 680-685页

作者： Thu Zar Han Kay Thwe Han Kyin Hla Aye Thaung Hlaing kyaw zin thant Indra Vythilingam MD Programme Faculty of Medicine&Health SciencesUCSI University Department of Medical Research Lower Myanmar Vector Borne Diseases Control Unit Department of Health Department of Parasitology University Malaya

Objectives: To determine the distribution of Plasmodium(P) species including Plasmodium knowlesi and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of microscopy with nested PCR in malaria ***: The study was conducted in Kawthaung, southern Myanmar. Ninety clinically suspected malaria patients were screened for malaria by Giemsa stained microscopy and con firmed by nested ***: Among the participants, 57(63.3%) were positive and 33(36.7%)were negative by microscopy. Of positive samples, 39(68.4%) were Plasmodium fcalciparum,17(29.8%) Plasmodium vivax and 1(1.8%) Plasmodium malariae, whereas 59-amplified by PCR were 40(67.8%), 18(30.5%) and 1(1.7%) respectively. PCR amplified 2 microscopy negative samples. Two samples of P. falciparum detected by microscopy were amplified as P. vivax and vice versa. All samples were negative for Plasmodium ovale.P. knowlesi and mixed infections. Microscopy had a very good measure of agreement(κ=0.95) compared to nested PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of microscopy for diagnosis of P. falciparum were 92.5%(95% CI: 79.6-98.4) and 96.0%(95% CI: 86.3-99.5)respectively, whereas for P. vivax were 83.3%(95% CI: 58.6-96.4) and 97.2%(95% CI:90.3-99.7).Conclusions: P. knowlesi was not detected by both microscopy and PCR. Giemsa stained microscopy can still be applied as primary method for malaria diagnosis and is considered as gold standard. As to the lower sensitivity of microscopy for vivax malaria,those with previous history of malaria and relapse cases should be diagnosed by RDT or PCR combined with microscopy. Inaccuracy of species diagnosis highlighted the requirement of training and refresher courses for microscopists.

关键词：疟疾变形体变形体 knowlesi 显微镜学

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Primary esophageal diffuse large B cell lymphoma presenting with tracheoesophageal fistula: A rare case and review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 431-435页

作者： Jirapat Teerakanok Judy Park DeWitt Edna Juarez kyaw zin Thein Irfan Warraich Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Department of Pathology Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the esophagus are rare. Tracheoesophageal fistulas mainly arise from solid esophageal carcinoma or mediastinal malignancies. Our patient presented with cough, dysphagia and weight loss, and upon initial computed tomography imaging and esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a malignant mass in the middle third of esophagus with tracheoesophageal fistula was found. The location of the mass and presence of malignant tracheoesophageal fistula were strongly suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma. However, tumor biopsy revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This case report details a rare incident of a primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presented as tracheoesophageal fistula and reviews previous literature.

关键词： Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Tracheoesophageal fistula Esophageal cancer Esophageal lymphoma

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Hepatitis C virus therapy with peg-interferon and ribavirin in Myanmar: A resource-constrained country

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第43期22卷 9613-9622页

作者： Naomi Khaing Than Hlaing Debolina Banerjee Robert Mitrani Soe Htet Arker kyaw San Win Nyan Lin Tun Zaw thant Khin Maung Win K Rajender Reddy Department of Hepatology Mandalay General Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Pennsylvania

AIM To investigate peg-interferon(peg-IFN) and ribavirin(RBV) therapy in Myanmar and to predict sustained virologic response(SVR).METHODS This single-center, open-label, study was conducted in Myanmar between 2009 and 2014. A total of 288 patients infected with HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 6 were treated with peg-IFN alpha-2a(180 μg/wk) or alpha-2b(50 to 100 μg as a weight-based dose) and RBV as a weight-based dose(15 mg/kg/d). Treatment duration was 48 wk for genotypes 1 and 6, 24 wk for genotype 2, and 24 or 48 wk for genotype 3 based on rapid virologic response(RVR). Those co-infected with hepatitis B received 48 wk of *** Overall, SVR was achieved for 82% of patients and the therapy was well tolerated. All patients achieved SVR at equivalent rates regardless of HCV genotype(P = 0.314). Low fibrosis scores(P 96% positive predictive value for achieving SVR. Treatment duration did not significantly impact the likelihood of achieving SVR for patients infected with genotype 3 HCV(P = 0.371). The most common adverse events were fatigue(71%) and poor appetite(60%). Among patients with genotype 3 HCV, more patients in the 48-wk treatment group required erythropoietin than in the 24-wk treatment group(61.1% vs 49.2%).CONCLUSION SVR rates were high with peg-IFN and RBV therapy in Myanmar. Fibrosis scores, baseline albumin, HCV RNA levels and RVR independently predicted SVR.

关键词：丙肝病毒 Pegylated 干扰素 Ribavirin 持续 virologic 反应快速的 virologic 反应

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Efferent limb of gastrojejunostomy obstruction by a whole okra phytobezoar:Case report and brief review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012年第5期4卷 197-200页

作者： thant zin Myat Maw Dinker Ramananda Pai Rosaini Binti Paijan Myo Kyi Department of Surgery Melaka Manipal Medical College75150 MelakaMalaysia Department of Surgery Hospital Pakar Sultanah FatimahMuar JohorMalaysia

A phytobezoar is one of the intraluminal causes of gastric outlet obstruction,especially in patients with previous gastric surgery and/or gastric motility *** the proton pump inhibitor era,vagotomy,pyloroplasty,gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy were commonly performed procedures in peptic ulcer *** of the sequelae of gastrojejunostomy is phytobezoar ***,a bezoar causing gastric outlet obstruction is rare even with giant gastric *** report a rare case of gastric outlet obstruction due to a phytobezoar obstructing the efferent limb of the gastrojejunostomy *** phytobezoar which consisted of a whole piece of okra(lady finger vegetable) was successfully removed by endoscopic *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first case of okra bezoar-related gastrojejunostomy efferent limb obstruction reported in the literature.

关键词： Efferent limb obstruction Gastrojejunostomy Okra phytobezoar

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Mitogenomic phylogeny of the Asian colobine genus Trachypithecus with special focus on Trachypithecus phayrei(Blyth, 1847) and description of a new species

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Zoological Research 2020年第6期41卷 656-669页

作者： Christian Roos Kristofer MHelgen Roberto Portela Miguez Naw May Lay thant Ngwe Lwin Aung Ko Lin Aung Lin Khin Mar Yi Paing Soe zin Mar Hein Margaret Nyein Nyein Myint Tanvir Ahmed Dilip Chetry Melina Urh EGrace Veatch Neil Duncan Pepijn Kamminga Marcus AHChua Lu Yao Christian Matauschek Dirk Meyer Zhi-Jin Liu Ming Li Tilo Nadler Peng-Fei Fan Le Khac Quyet Michael Hofreiter Dietmar zinner Frank Momberg Primate Genetics Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany Gene Bank of Primates German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany Chances for Nature(CfN) Goettingen 37073Germany Australian Museum Research Institute Australian MuseumSydneyNew South Wales 2010Australia Natural History Museum London SW7 BDUK Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)-Myanmar Program Yangon 11041Myanmar Fauna&Flora International(FFI)-Myanmar Programme Yangon 11201Myanmar Popa Mountain Park Nature and Wildlife Conservation DivisionForest DepartmentPopa 05242Myanmar World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF)-Myanmar Yangon 11191Myanmar Department of Zoology Jagannath UniversityDhaka 1100Bangladesh Primate Research and Conservation Division AaranyakGuwahatiAssam 781028India Department of Anthropology Emory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA Department of Anthropology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Department of Mammalogy American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY 10024USA Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden 2333 CRThe Netherlands Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of SingaporeSingapore 117377Singapore Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Cuc Phuong Commune Nho Quan DistrictNinh Binh ProvinceVietnam School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Endangered Species Ho-Chi-Minh CityVietnam Institute for Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Cognitive Ethology Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition Goettingen 37077Germany De

Trachypithecus,which currently contains 20 species divided into four groups,is the most speciose and geographically dispersed genus among Asian *** several morphological and molecular studies,however,its evolutionary history and phylogeography remain poorly ***’s langur(Trachypithecus phayrei) is one of the most widespread members of the genus,but details on its actual distribution and intraspecific taxonomy are limited and ***,to elucidate the evolutionary history of Trachypithecus and to clarify the intraspecific taxonomy and distribution of ***,we sequenced 41 mitochondrial genomes from georeferenced fecal samples and museum specimens,including two *** analyses revealed a robustly supported phylogeny of Trachypithecus,suggesting that the *** group branched first,followed by the *** group,and the *** and *** groups most *** four species groups diverged from each other 4.5-3.1 million years ago(Ma),while speciation events within these groups occurred much more recently(1.6-0.3 Ma).Within ***,we found three clades that diverged 1.0-0.9 Ma,indicating the existence of three rather than two *** the phylogenetic species concept and based on genetic,morphological,and ecological differences,we elevate the *** subspecies to species level,describe a new species from central Myanmar,and refine the distribution of the three ***,our study highlights the importance of museum specimens and provides new insights not only into the evolutionary history of *** but the entire Trachypithecus genus as well.

关键词： Colobinae Integrative zoology Mitochondrial genome Museum specimens New species

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