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Correlation between breast cancer and lifestyle within the Gulf Cooperation Council countries:A systematic review

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第4期11卷 217-242页

作者： Lara Theresa Annette Tanner kwok leung cheung School of Medicine University of NottinghamDerby DE223DTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND In the six Gulf Cooperation Council countries(GCCCs),Bahrain,Saudi Arabia,Kuwait,Oman,Qatar and the United Arab Emirates,breast cancer(BC)is the greatest cause of cancer incidence and *** and physical inactivity are established risk factors for BC globally and appear to be more of a problem in high income countries like the *** To determine whether obesity and physical inactivity are associated with BC incidence in the GCCCs using the United Kingdom as a *** This systematic review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines.A cancer registry and a statistical data search was done to identify the BC incidence over the past two decades and the prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the ***,a systematic search of the databases,MEDLINE,Web of Science,and PubMed between 1999 and 2019 was performed to determine whether obesity and physical inactivity are risk factors for BC in the *** papers were critically appraised according to their research methods and were assessed for quality and risk of *** BC was the top malignancy in each GCC *** tended to be diagnosed with BC at a younger age than women in the United *** greatest 10-year increase in BC incidence was seen in Saudi Arabia(54.2%),,approximately seven times the rate of increase seen in the United Kingdom(7.6%).The prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity was greater in all the GCCCs in comparison to the United Kingdom.A total of 155 full studies were reviewed of which 17 were *** those,eight looked at the prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the Gulf States and nine looked at these as risk factors for *** one study found an association between BC and obesity(odds ratio=2.29).No studies looked solely at the link between physical inactivity and *** The prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity was high within the GCCCs,but the majority of the included studies found no po

关键词： Breast cancer Obesity Physical inactivity Females Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

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The decision-making process for senior cancer patients: treatment allocation of older women with operable breast cancer in the UK

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2015年第4期12卷 308-315页

作者： Jenna L.Morgan Paul Richards Osama Zaman Sue Ward Karen Collins Thompson Robinson kwok-leung cheung Riccardo A.Audisio Malcolm W.Reed Lynda Wyld on behalf of the Bridging the Age Gap in Breast Cancer Trial Management Team Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology University of Sheffield Medical School Health Economics and Decision Science School for Health and Related Research University of Sheffield Center for Health and Social Care Research Sheffield Hallam University Collegiate Crescent Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester School of Medicine University of Nottingham Royal Derby Hospital Center Department of Surgery University of Liverpool St Helens Teaching Hospital Brighton and Sussex Medical School University of Sussex

Objective: Up to 40% of women over 70 years with primary operable breast cancer in the UK are treated with primary endocrine therapy(PET) as an alternative to surgery. A variety of factors are important in determining treatment for older breast cancer patients. This study aimed to identify the patient and tumor factors associated with treatment allocation in this ***: Prospectively collected data on treatment received(surgery vs. PET) were analysed with multivariable logistic regression using the variables age, modified Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI), activities of daily living(ADL) score, Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) score, HER2 status, tumour size, grade and nodal status. Results: Data were available for 1,122 cancers in 1,098 patients recruited between February 2013 and June 2015 from 51 UK hospitals. About 78% of the population were treated surgically, with the remainder being treated with PET. Increasing patient age at diagnosis, increasing CCI score, large tumor size(5 cm or more) and dependence in one or more ADL categories were all strongly associated with non-surgical treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion: Increasing comorbidity, large tumor size and reduced functional ability are associated with reduced likelihood of surgical treatment of breast cancer in older patients. However, age itself remains a significant factor for non-surgical treatment; reinforcing the need for evidence-based guidelines.

关键词： Frail elderly breast neoplasms decision-making

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The interplay of host genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 556-568页

作者： Maria Li Lung Arthur kwok leung cheung Josephine Mun Yee Ko Hong Lok Lung Yue Cheng Wei Dai Department of Clinical Oncology and Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research University of Hong Kong

The interplay between host cell genetics and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection contributes to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Understanding the host genetic and epigenetic alterations and the influence of EBV on cell signaling and host gene regulation will aid in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NPC and provide useful biomarkers and targets for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we provide an update of the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes associated with NPC, as well as genes associated with NPC risk including those involved in carcinogen detoxification and DNA repair. We also describe the importance of host genetics that govern the human leukocyte antigen(HLA) complex and immune responses, and we describe the impact of EBV infection on host cell signaling changes and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. High-power genomic sequencing approaches are needed to elucidate the genetic basis for inherited susceptibility to NPC and to identify the genes and pathways driving its molecular pathogenesis.

关键词： EB病毒遗传因素鼻咽癌宿主人类白细胞抗原细胞遗传学基因调控细胞信号

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Discrete Choice Analysis of Temporal Factors on Social Network Growth

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Intelligent Information Management 2024年第1期16卷 21-34页

作者： kwok-Wai cheung Yuk Tai Siu School of Communication The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Social networks like Facebook, X (Twitter), and LinkedIn provide an interaction and communication environment for users to generate and share content, allowing for the observation of social behaviours in the digital world. These networks can be viewed as a collection of nodes and edges, where users and their interactions are represented as nodes and the connections between them as edges. Understanding the factors that contribute to the formation of these edges is important for studying network structure and processes. This knowledge can be applied to various areas such as identifying communities, recommending friends, and targeting online advertisements. Several factors, including node popularity and friends-of-friends relationships, influence edge formation and network growth. This research focuses on the temporal activity of nodes and its impact on edge formation. Specifically, the study examines how the minimum age of friends-of-friends edges and the average age of all edges connected to potential target nodes influence the formation of network edges. Discrete choice analysis is used to analyse the combined effect of these temporal factors and other well-known attributes like node degree (i.e., the number of connections a node has) and network distance between nodes. The findings reveal that temporal properties have a similar impact as network proximity in predicting the creation of links. By incorporating temporal features into the models, the accuracy of link prediction can be further improved.

关键词： Discrete Choice Models Temporal Factors Social Network Link Prediction Network Growth

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Options and survival benefits of conversion therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2479-2481页

作者： Wong Hoi She Tan To cheung Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

In the study by Wu et al,patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were subjected to transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)as a conversion therapy in order to render their tumors suitable for resection.A nomogram was devised and shown to be effective in predicting the survival of these *** of the results,however,is questionable since the study subjects consisted of patients who had resection after TACE while excluding patients with the same disease but not suitable for *** can be considered to be an option for conversion ***,markers for determining responses to a conversion therapy and for guiding the decision between TACE and sequential immunotherapy have been *** question of whether effective conversion therapy can truly enhance overall survival remains unanswered.

关键词： Conversion therapy Immunotherapy Liver resection Survival Transarterial chemoembolization Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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Significant annealing-induced hardening effect in nanolaminate d-nanotwinne d(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)me dium-entropy alloy by severe cold rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 156-166页

作者： Shuqing Yuan Hui Fu Lei Qian Chi Fai cheung Xu-Sheng Yang State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Due to the easy coarsening caused by poor thermal stability,the verified annealing-induced hardening in nanograined metals can only maintain at a relatively low-temperature *** this study,a nanolam-inated(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)medium-entropy alloy with an average lamellae thickness of∼20 nm embedded by thinner nanotwins was fabricated by severe cold rolling to achieve superior thermal *** with the conventional nanotwinned CrCoNi with nanotwins inside ultra-fined grains,the hier-archical nanolaminated-nanotwinned(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8) exhibits a significant annealing-induced hard-ening effect,i.e.,hardness increasing from∼250 HV in the original specimen to∼500 HV in the cold-rolled status and finally∼630 HV after annealing at 600℃for 1 *** microstructure characterizations reveal that the reduced dislocation density and formation of L1_(2)ordered domain are mainly responsible for such hardening effect,which is facilitated by the effectively suppressed coarsening with annealing temperature,i.e.,slow detwinning process and well-retained low-angle nanolamellar *** coarsening mechanisms from the cold-rolled nanolamellae to the fully recrystallized micro-equiaxed structures under the annealing temperatures ranging from 400 to 800℃ were also elucidated by atomic observations.

关键词： Annealing-induced hardening Thermal stability Nanolaminated-nanotwinned structure CrCoNi Detwinning Grain boundary migration

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Solitary extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma with direct invasion into the liver,diaphragm and lung without peritoneal dissemination or distant metastasis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 322-325页

作者： Billy Ho Hung cheung Wong Hoi She Siu Lun Ho Albert Chi Yan Chan Chung Mau Lo Tan To cheung Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pathology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

To the Editor:Extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma(EOPPC)is an uncommon malignancy with many similarities to epithelial ovarian carcinoma in histological,clinical,and etiological aspects[1].This phenomenon is explained by their common embryonal origin,in which both develop from the coelomic epithelium in the early embryological *** their similarities,the incidence of EOPPC is significantly lower than that of epithelial ovarian carcinoma(6.78 cases per million vs.120.5 cases per million)[1].

关键词： peritoneal invasion metastasis

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Bile acid signaling in the regulation of whole body metabolic and immunological homeostasis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 865-878页

作者： Wei Jia Yitao Li Kenneth C.P.cheung Xiaojiao Zheng School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Bile acids(BAs)play a crucial role in nutrient absorption and act as key regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism and immune *** the enterohepatic circulation,BAs are synthesized,metabolized,and reabsorbed,with a portion entering the vascular circulation and distributing *** allows BAs to interact with receptors in all major organs,leading to organ-organ interactions that regulate both local and global metabolic processes,as well as the immune *** review focuses on the whole-body effects of BA-mediated metabolic and immunological regulation,including in the brain,heart,liver,intestine,eyes,skin,adipose tissue,and *** BA synthesis and receptor signaling is a promising strategy for the development of novel therapies for various diseases throughout the body.

关键词： bile acid whole body metabolism immunity

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Post-fontan circulation hepatocellular carcinoma:Open and laparoscopic hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 90-93页

作者： Karin KY Ho Wong Hoi She Simon HY Tsang Kevin S Lo Tan To cheung Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesiology Queen Mary Hospital102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

To the Editor:Fontan-associated liver disease shows increasing incidence as advances in pediatric cardiology have prolonged life expectancy in patients with single ventricle congenital heart defects[1].Their unique physiology and procedure-related sequelae present an increasingly relevant challenge in hepatic *** hereby reported a series of patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)who successfully underwent open and laparoscopic hepatectomy.

关键词： hepatocellular hepatectomy surgery

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Repeatability,interocular correlation and agreement of optic nerve head vessel density in healthy eyes:a sweptsource optical coherence tomographic angiography study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 896-903页

作者： Dan-Qi Fang Da-Wei Yang Xiao-Ting Mai Carol Y cheung Hao-Yu Chen Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University&the Chinese University of Hong KongShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy ***:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were *** ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning *** of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were *** repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman ***:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel ***:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy *** interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.

关键词： interocular correlation repeatability optic nerve head optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density

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