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Economic and Market Analysis of Swine Rearing and Pork Production in Ghana

Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第8期8卷 699-708页

作者： Kwamina Ewur Banson Josephine Nketsia-Tabiri kweku anno Emmanuel Kofi Dagbui Department of Technology Transfer Centre (TTC) Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute (BNARI) GhanaAtomic Energy Commission (GAEC) P. O. Box LG80 Legon-Accra Ghana SCD Consultants Ltd. Lion Street Off Yam Market Ecomog Road Haatso Accra Biological Filters and Composters Ltd P. O. Box 9686 Airport Acera Ghana Directorate of Animal Production Nungua Livestock Breeding Station Ministry of Food and Agriculture Box 5 779 Accra-North

Swine rearing and pork production has recently attracted the growing interest of Ghanaian farmers who seek diversification of enterprises and existing farmers looking for alternatives following a period of low profitability. Piggery was established to combine science and technology to generate innovations for anyone seeking to establish a new pig production enterprise. Results show that since 2008 to 2013, pork prices in Ghana rose rapidly between 115-120%. Also the rate of returns was higher at 43.62% compared to bank interested rate. Feed, as a percentage of total costs, were minimised from 70% to 55% with integrated lactobacillus brewer spent malt as supplement to formulated feed. The piggery project was highly successful and invested capital was recouped within two years of project take-off. Collaborating with other farms, organisations and entrepreneurs, a lot of research innovations in the area of improving feed cost, animal nutrition, waste management practices, and breeding have been generated and shared with both small and large-holder pig farmers. In all aspect of the farm management, results achieved so far especially with pork carcass quality and profit margins are encouraging which have led to the expansion of the piggery project.

关键词： Waste management feed formulation black soldier fly lactobacillus investment appraisal.

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The Potential of Subsurface Infiltration for the Treatment of Biofil Toilet Technology Effluent

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Management Studies 2015年第6期3卷 281-299页

作者： Peter Owusu-Antwi Richard Buamah Helen Essandoh Esi Awuah kweku Akuam anno Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi GhanaAdane Sewhunegn MollaHawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia University of Energy & Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Biological Filters & Composters Limited (BIOFILCOM) Accra Ghana

Generally discharges from on-site sanitation （OSS） system could be a source of pollution to the environment if not well managed. This work illustrates the potential of subsurface infiltration to treat secondary effluent from a novel on-site vermi-biofiltration system called the Biofil Toilet Technology （BTT）. In practice, the BTT effluent is discharged via sub-surface infiltration. The focus of the research was to determine possible contaminant removal within the first 1.5 m depth of soil column. To achieve this objective, laboratory scale soil columns were designed and constructed for the treatment of secondary domestic wastewater from the BTT. Four different soil columns, each with 1.5 m depth of soil （sandy soil--SS, loamy soil--LS, clayey soil----CS, and red laterite soil--RLS） and fifth column with 0.45 m multi-layer sand filter were constructed and characterized. The columns were fed with the BTT effluent and sampled at ports spaced at 0.3 m, 0.8 m, and 1.5 m depths. Using the samples, parameters like COD, BODs, TSS, T-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, and pathogenic indicator microbes were monitored. RLS and SS columns efficiently removed COD, BODs, and TSS from the BTT effluent below the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency （GH EPA） guideline values. Up to 99% COD removal were observed in RLS column. A two to five log pathogen removal was recorded for the soil columns. The RLS and SS were found to have a high efficacy for contaminant removal with up to 80% of all contaminants being removed at a depth of 0.3 m along the soil columns. Thus the subsurface infiltration system can serve as a promising technology for the BTT effluent treatment. The study recommends the incorporation of infiltration systems to the BTT especially for areas with high water table or clayey soils.

关键词： Biofil on-site blackwater infiltration vermicomposting toilet soil eudrilus euginae

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Nutrient and Microbial Reduction Properties in Pervious Composites for Blackwater Treatment

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Management Studies 2017年第3期5卷 212-218页

作者： Peter Owusu-Antwi Richard Buamah Isaac Slase Kuwomu Helen Essandoh Esi Awuah kweku Akuam anno Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana University of Energy & Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Biological Filters & Composters Limited (BIOFILCOM) Accra Ghana

The focus of this experiment was to compare the treatment performance of nutrient and microbial reduction in granite （GR）, shredded polyethylene terephthalate （SP） and palm kernel shell （PKS） composites after solid/liquid separation of blackwater. Laboratory tests were conducted on replicated specimens of the GR, SP, and PKS pervious composites and the mechanisms of microbial reductions and nutrient transformation in blackwater treatment investigated after filtration. Six cylindrical specimens measuring 1 l0 mm x 100 mm and made from the GR, SP, and PKS were used to determine the physical and hydrologic properties （density and permeability） of the specimens. Additional six pervious specimens measuring 0.3 m x 0.3 m ~ 0.05 mm were used for the solid/liquid separation of blackwater. Blackwater was first infiltrated through a layer of coir fibre and net lining and then run through each pervious composite specimen. Nutrient （ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus） and microbial （Escherichia coli and coliforms） analyses were conducted on the effluent from the specimens and compared. The GR, SP, and PKS particle sizes were seen to be uniformly graded and similar. The composite specimens did not have significant effects on the nutrient transformations and removal of organic matter but for total phosphorus. However, escherichia coli and other coliforms＇s growth were limited in the SP. Hydrophobic interactions between the SP composite and microbial cells of the microbes could have promoted attachment and limited their growth. It was observed that the mean pH in the effluent filtered through the composites was higher than in the influent partly due to the availability of calcium carbonate in the cement. The study suggests that the SP composite is a promising alternative to the GR composite for the reduction of microbial constituents in blackwater vis-a-vis its light-weight compared to the other pervious composites.

关键词： Biofil removal efficiency solid/liquid separation vermicomposting PET composite

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Epiphanic Revival: Exploring Metallic Finishes on Batik Fabrics in Ghana

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2024年第1期10卷 25-40页

作者： Sumaila Mohammed Sumaila kweku Safo-Ankama Joshua Anim Department of Textile Design and Technology Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana

Batik fabric is an integral part of the traditional cloth culture of the Ghanaian traditional setting. However, the batik fabric has marginal usage due to its casual visual appearance. This studio practice seeks to explore the epiphanic revival in the use of metallic finishes on batik substrate to create an enhanced visual appearance with embellished aesthetic sensibilities and diversified use. The researchers adopted the studio-based approach of the qualitative design to manipulate handmade tools, techniques (collagraph) and the batik fabrics through experimentation to produce a glittering mercurial batik fabric which is typically an industrial practice. The studio practice took place at the Textile Design and Technology studio, Takoradi Technical University, Ghana. The traditional batik fabric was manipulated through fabric decoration techniques in accordance with studio-based practices. The Addie model was adopted as a methodological approach in the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation processes of the experimentation processes of the study. Findings revealed that the hand techniques used in the production process for the metallic prints produced interesting accidentals finishes and effects that machine work cannot achieve, producing new discoveries of visual enhancements of traditional batik fabric. Traditional batiks became mercurial with glittery effects. The metallic prints on the fabric also changed its consumption pattern from mere casual fabric to classic and cosmopolitan fabric for varied uses suitable for wearable to non-wearable.

关键词： Batik Tie Dye Metallic Prints Finishes Visual Appearance

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A novel artificial intelligent model for predicting air overpressure using brain inspired emotional neural network

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 683-689页

作者： Victor Amoako Temeng Yao Yevenyo Ziggah Clement kweku Arthur Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Mineral Resources TechnologyUniversity of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaWestern RegionGhana Department of Geomatic Engineering Faculty of Mineral Resources TechnologyUniversity of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaWestern RegionGhana

Blasting is the live wire of mining and its operations,with air overpressure(AOp)recognised as an end product of *** is known to be one of the most important environmental hazards of *** research in this area of mining is required to help improve on safety of the working *** of previous studies has shown that many empirical and artificial intelligence(AI)methods have been proposed as a forecasting *** an alternative to the previous methods,this study proposes a new class of advanced artificial neural network known as brain inspired emotional neural network(BIENN)to predict *** proposed BI-ENN approach is compared with two classical AOp predictors(generalised predictor and McKenzie formula)and three established AI methods of backpropagation neural network(BPNN),group method of data handling(GMDH),and support vector machine(SVM).From the analysis of the results,BI-ENN is the best by achieving the least RMSE,MAPE,NRMSE and highest R,VAF and PI values of 1.0941,0.8339%,0.1243%,0.8249,68.0512%and 1.2367 respectively and thus can be used for monitoring and controlling AOp.

关键词： Air overpressure Artificial intelligence Emotional neural network Blasting Mining

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Study on the energy evolution mechanism of low-temperature concrete under uniaxial compression

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2022年第3期14卷 162-172页

作者： QinYong Ma kweku Darko Forson School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Engineering Research Center of Underground Mine Construction Ministry of EducationAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China

In order to study the mechanical properties and energy evolution of low-temperature concrete during uniaxial compres‐sion, a uniaxial compression test was performed on concrete. In addition, the evolution laws of compressive strength, deformation modulus and total energy, elastic potential energy, dissipated energy and peak energy of concrete in the process of deformation and failure are analyzed. The effects of age and temperature on low-temperature concrete is analyzed from the perspective of energy. Test results show that temperature improves the strength and deformation of concrete to varying degrees. When cured for 28 days, the compressive strength and deformation modulus of concrete at −20 ℃ is increased by 17.98% and 21.45% respectively, compared with the compressive strength and deformation modulus at room temperature of 20 ℃. At the point of failure of the concrete under uniaxial compression, the total damage energy and the dissipation energy both increase, while the developed elastic strain energy increases and then decreases. Increase in curing duration tends to increase the total destruction energy of concrete, peak point elastic strain energy, peak point dissipation energy, and peak point total energy. Whereas increase in curing durations, has shown to decrease the total destruction energy of concrete, the peak point elastic strain energy, peak point dissipation energy, and peak point total energy. The peak point strain energy reflects the ability of low-temperature concrete to reasonably resist damage. By using the principle of energy analysis to study the deformation process of concrete, it provides research methods and ideas for the deformation analysis of this type of material under load.

关键词： low-temperature concrete uniaxial compression mechanical properties energy mechanism dissipated energy

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Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) impact on carbon and nitrogen transformations and microbial community in replicated wetland

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 677-688页

作者： Dawei Jiang Lifei Chen Nan Xia Eyram Norgbey Desmond Ato Koomson Williams kweku Darkwah College of Horticulture Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118China Jilin Tiandiren Landscape Architecture Design Engineering Co.Ltd. Changchun 130117China Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationEnvironmental Engi neering DepartmentCollege of EnvironmentHohai University1 Xikang RoadGulou210098 NanjingChina

Background:Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) has direct and indirect influences on ecosystem *** impact of elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration on carbon and nitrogen transformations,together with the microbial community,was evaluated with water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes)in an open-top chamber replicated *** responses of nitrogen and carbon pools in water and wetland soil,and microbial community abundance were studied under ambient CO_(2) and elevated CO_(2)(ambient+200μL L^(−1)).Results:Total biomass for the whole plant under elevated CO_(2) increased by an average of 8%(p=0.022).Wetlands,with water hyacinth,showed a significant increase in total carbon and total organic carbon in water by 7%(p=0.001)and 21%(p=0.001),respectively,under elevated CO_(2) compared to that of ambient CO_(2).Increase in dissolved carbon in water correlates with the presence of wetland plants since the water hyacinth can directly exchange CO_(2) from the atmosphere to water by the upper epidermis of ***,the enrichment CO_(2) showed an increase in total carbon and total organic carbon concentration in wetland soil by 3%(p=0.344)and 6%(p=0.008),*** total nitrogen content in water increased by 26%(p=0.0001),while total nitrogen in wetland soil pool under CO_(2) enrichment decreased by 9%(p=0.011)due to increased soil microbial community abundance,extracted by phospholipid fatty acids,which was 25%larger in amount than that of the ambient ***:The study revealed that the elevated CO_(2) would affect the carbon and nitrogen transformations in wetland plant,water,and soil pool and increase soil microbial community abundance.

关键词： Elevated CO_(2) Carbon transformation Nitrogen transformation Microbial community abundance Phospholipid fatty acids Open-top chamber

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One Dimensional Evolution Modeling of Source Rocks in the Chaluhe Basin, Yitong Graben

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第8期7卷 1029-1048页

作者： Obed kweku Agbadze Jiaren Ye Qiang Cao Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources China University of Geosciences MOE Wuhan China

Chaluhe Basin is in Jilin Province of China with a cumulative sedimentary rock thickness of about 6000 meters and has four subdivisions: Wanchang Structural High, Bo-Tai Sag, Xinanpu Sag, Liangjia Structure High and the Gudian Slope. The basin with its better source rock distribution and more favorable maturation indicators than the adjacent Moliqing and Luxiang Basins is expected to be a potential hydrocarbon-producing basin. Four (4) wells were used in determining the maturation hydrocarbon generating potential of the mudstone beds present in the Eocene Formations (Shuangyang, Sheling and Yongji). Obtained result revealed heat flow average of 71.8 mW/m2, oil generation between 3.15 mg/g TOC and 39.49 mg/g TOC with gas generation of 6.98 mg/g TOC to 92.83 mg/g TOC. In conclusion the Eocene Shuangyang mudstone is the main petroleum source rock.

关键词： Petrophysics Petrochemicals Hydrocarbons Eocene Mudstone Chaluhe Basin Yitong Graben

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Two Dimensional Evolution Modeling of Source Rocks in the Chaluhe Basin, Yitong Graben

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第6期8卷 801-810页

作者： Obed kweku Agbadze Jiaren Ye Qiang Cao Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources China University of Geosciences MOE Wuhan China

Yitong Graben in Jilin Province of China, hosts three basins, namely: Chaluhe, Luxiang and Moliqing basins. The Chaluhe basin, as the focal point of this study has five subdivisions, thus, Bo-Tai sag, Wanchang Structural high, Liangjia Structure high Xinanpu sag, and the Gudian slope, with a cumulative sedimentary rock thickness of about 6000 metres. The basin is supposed to be a potential hydrocarbon-producing basin with its better source rock distribution and more favorable maturation indicators than the adjacent Luxiang and Moliqing Basin. Determining whether the mudstone beds present in the Eocene Formations are matured enough to generate hydrocarbons, three (3) wells with Seismic Lines (clh02, clh05 and clh07) were used for the study. It is observed that the entire region from NW to SE in the source rocks is mature to produce oil and gas. At depths of about 2400 m and below show good maturity with vitrinite reflectance values averaging 1.02% Ro. The Eocene Shuangyang mudstone is the main petroleum source rock.

关键词： Petrophysics Petrochemicals Hydrocarbons Eocene Mudstone Chaluhe Basin Yitong Graben

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小额信贷便利对加纳中小企业就业增长的影响研究 ——基于ADEHYEMAN储蓄贷款公司的案例

小额信贷便利对加纳中小企业就业增长的影响研究 ——基于ADEHYEM...

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作者： QUACHEY kweku TENKORANG 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

微型金融机构(MFIs)在向经济上不够宽裕的群体提供服务方面起着关键作用,在向缺乏资金的的、管理上相对不正规的中小企业提供金融服务方面更是如此。尽管加纳的中小企业在缓解贫困方面达到了预期目标并发挥了实际效果,但最近这些企业在... 详细信息

微型金融机构(MFIs)在向经济上不够宽裕的群体提供服务方面起着关键作用,在向缺乏资金的的、管理上相对不正规的中小企业提供金融服务方面更是如此。尽管加纳的中小企业在缓解贫困方面达到了预期目标并发挥了实际效果,但最近这些企业在全国范围内发生了一些不好的现象,一些曾经发展较好的企业正在面临倒闭。加纳经历了中小企业异常倒闭的过程,这就使得本次研究需要挖掘微型金融机构的小额信贷服务对中小企业创造就业的影响。本文主要研究中小企业的经营、所需信贷额以及Adehyeman储蓄贷款公司的贷款发放额。本文采用目的性抽样技术,并通过调查问卷收集数据,经过研究分析发现,对于在本文研究领域内的中小企业而言,从Adeheman储蓄贷款公司获得的信贷对中小企业的企业家创造就业增长有积极影响。分析也显示,获得信贷支持的中小企业,能够吸引更多的员工,因此创造了更高的劳动力需求。因此,中小企业有潜力为减少实业做出贡献,也有利于促进加纳的经济增长。中小企业需要信贷去购买产品,已扩大生产并创造就业。本文得出的结论是,获得信贷的企业家能够扩大其公司业务并创造就业机会。其次,本文研究表明,在中小企业中,与女性企业家相比,男性企业家申请贷款更容易获得信贷服务,即男性企业家得到了信贷便利。由于中小企业无法提供贷款所需的抵押品以获得信贷,因此大多数中小企业无法获得信贷服务。这些中小企业面临的问题是,由于其提供的抵押品不当、信贷利率高以及企业管理层效率低下,使得企业无法获得信贷服务。本文的研究得出以下建议,企业主应当对赊销的商品进行适当记录,并制定收回债务的策略,以防止产生不正当的现金流活动,并且可以使得企业能够快速地对客户所需要的商品进行交易。此外,应当对中小企业的企业主进行适当的培训,尤其需要训练他们进行借款登记这一过程,使他们能够获得信贷。本文提出建议,应当鼓励中小企业的企业主节约开支,以减少对微型金融机构的依赖。金融机构应当为中小企业扩大规模提供贷款,因为这对创造就业有直接影响。

关键词：微型金融机构信贷便利中小企业

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