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Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser-melted PH13-8Mo stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 945-955页

作者： Yuan Zhang Xiang liu Chang-jun Wang Chang liu School of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina Central Iron&Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

PH13-8Mo stainless steel powder with high sphericity and well fluidity was prepared by the plasma rotating electrode *** formed parts with ultra-high purity were manufactured by selective laser *** tensile and impact mechanical properties of the printed parts under three heat treatment regimes were compared to those without heat *** microstructure,grain orientation and phase composition were characterized by electron-backscatter diffraction,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron *** characterization results reveal that the addition of heat treatment makes the grains enlarge,and after different heat treatments,the average grain size from 1.51μm in the printed state increases to 2.78,3.09 and 2.06μm,*** formed parts are mainly composed of martensite and retained ***,the NiAl and M23C precipitates form,which are the major strengthening phases of PH13-8Mo stainless *** optimal heat treatment process is 925℃×1 h water cooling(WC)+0℃×2 h air cooling(AC)+540℃×4 h *** this heat treatment process,PH13-8Mo formed parts have the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties:the tensile strength,yield strength and impact energy KU2 are 1492 MPa,1432 MPa and 63 J,*** strengthening and toughening via heat treatment are mainly attributed to dislocation strengthening,the formation of NiAl and M23Co precipitates and the change of volume fraction of the retained austenite.

关键词： High-strength stainless steel-Selective laser melting-Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical property

Characteristics and sources of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)in the rural North China Plain:Results from1-year continuous observations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 719-731页

作者： Xin liu Xiaowei He Chenglong Zhang Yifei Song Shuyang Xie Chengtang liu Pengfei liu Yuanyuan Zhang Yujing Mu Junfeng liu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)is an important photochemical pollutant in the troposphere,whereas long-term measurements are scarce in rural areas in North China Plain(NCP),resulting in unclear seasonal variations and sources of PAN in rural *** this study,we conducted a 1-year observation of PAN during 2021-2022 at the rural NCP *** average concentrations of PAN were 1.10,0.75,0.65,and 0.88 ppbv in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively,with a 1-year average of 0.81±0.60 *** indicate that the loss of PAN through thermal decomposition in summer accounts for 43.2% of the total formed PAN,which is an important reason for the low concentration of PAN in *** speculate that since the correlation between PAN and O_(3) in winter is significantly lower than that in other seasons,the observed regional transport of PAN cannot be ignored in *** budget analysis,regional transport accounted for 12.8% and 55.9% of the observed PAN on the spring and winter pollution days,respectively,which showed that regional transport played key roles during the photochemical pollution of the rural NCP in *** potential source contribution function revealed that the transported PAN mainly comes from southern Hebei in *** winter,the transported PAN was mainly from Langfang,Hengshui,and southern *** findings may aid in understanding PAN variations in different seasons in rural areas and highlight the impact of regional transport on the PAN budget.

关键词： Photochemical pollution Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN) Seasonal variations Regional transport Rural area

Polyimide covalent organic frameworks as efficient solid-state Li^(+) electrolytes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1647-1652页

作者： Xu liu Shi Wang Siqi liu Chengfang liu Xiangchun Li Jian Wu Dazhi Li Shihao Xu Chongyang liu Wen-Yong Lai State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays(SKLOEID) Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)School of Chemistry and Life SciencesNanjing University of Posts&TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) are attractive porous crystalline materials with extremely high stability, easy functionalization, and open channels, which are expected to be unique ion conductors/transporters in lithium ion batteries(LIBs). Despite recent advances, low ion conductivity and low transference number, resulting in low charging/discharging rate, low energy density, and short battery life, are the main issues that limit their direct application as solid electrolytes in LIBs. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel polyimide COF, namely, TAPA-PDI-COF, with abundant C=O groups, which has been successfully employed as high-performance solid electrolytes by doping TAPA-PDI-COF and succinonitrile(SN). Both the well-defined nanochannels of COFs and SN confined in the well-aligned channels restricted the free migration of anions, while C=O on COFs and CN groups of SN enhanced Li^(+) transport, thus achieving a high ion conductivity of 0.102 m S cm^(-1)at 80 °C and a high lithium-ion transference number of 0.855 at room temperature. According to density functional theory(DFT)calculations, Li-ion migration mainly adopted in-plane transport rather than the axial pathway, which may be due to the shorter hopping distances in the planar pathway. The results suggest an effective strategy for the design and development of all-solidstate ionic conductors for achieving high-performance LIBs.

关键词： lithium ion batteries(LIBs) covalent organic frameworks(COFs) solid-state ion conductors solid-state electrolytes ion conductivity

A novel lightweight computerized ECG interpretation approach based on clinical 12-lead data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 449-463页

作者： liu YunQing QIN ChengJin liu JinLei JIN YanRui LI ZhiYuan ZHAO LiQun liu ChengLiang School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Labof Artificial Intelligence(Ministryof Education) AI InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Cardiology Shanghai First Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080China

Although 12-lead electrocardiograms(ECGs)provide a wide range of spatiotemporal characteristics,interpreting them for arrhythmia detection is difficult due to a lack of reliable large-scale clinical ***,we proposed an innovative lightweight computerized ECG interpretation approach based on 12-lead *** model was trained,validated,and tested on 53845 standard 12-lead ECG records collected at Shanghai First People’s Hospital in affiliation with Shanghai Jiao Tong *** experiments revealed that our approach had a classification accuracy of 94.41%in the classification task of seven types of rhythms,which was markedly superior to related single-lead and 12-lead ECG classification ***,the average receiver operating characteristic area under the curve reached a value of 0.940,and the precision values for sinus tachycardia and sinus bradycardia were 0.945 and 0.91,respectively,with specificity values of 0.996 and *** employing our boosting method,we were able to improve the accuracy to 94.85%.To investigate the performance degradation of the proposed neural network in some classes,an ECG cardiologist was enlisted to review questionable ECGs;this process provides a promising direction for network performance ***,the proposed computerized ECG interpretation approach has practical significance because it could help professional physicians analyze patients’heart conditions based on real-time 12-lead ECG or grade their disease severity in advance.

关键词： computerized ECG interpretation large-scale 12-lead clinical ECG database lightweight neural network

Input-to-State Stability of Impulsive Switched Systems Involving Uncertain Impulse-Switching Moments

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1515-1517页

作者： Chang liu Wenlu liu Tengda Wei Xiaodi Li School of Mathematical and Statistics Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Dear Editor,This letter studies the input-to-state stability(ISS)for a class of impulsive switched systems,where uncertain impulse-switching moments are *** robustness of ISS with respect to the perturbations of the occurrence time of impulse-switching moments is revealed by several less conservative dwell-time conditions for the uncertain impulse-switching moments combined with Lyapunov ***,the Lyapunov conditions have multiple coefficients at discrete time so as to handle the hybrid effect of impulse-switching moments,and the case that time derivative of Lyapunov function is indefinite is also taken into ***,a numerical example is proposed to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

关键词： letter conservative derivative

Asymmetrically coordinated single atom Cu catalyst with unsaturated C-Cu-N structure for CO_(2) reduction to CO

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3911-3918页

作者： Zheng liu Yuxuan liu Jingqiao Zhang Ting Cao Zhiyi Sun Juzhe liu Huishan Shang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China SEPA Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China The Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Single atom catalysts(SACs)play a crucial role in energy catalysis due to their distinct coordination environment and high atomic utilization *** study focuses on the synthesis of a monatomic Cu catalyst with Cu-N1C1 coordination anchored to N-doped Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene(Cu SA@N-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))to achieve efficient reduction of CO_(2) to *** characterization,including morphology and multispectral analysis,confirmed the uniform distribution of asymmetrically coordinated Cu atoms in unsaturated C-Cu-N bridge fragments on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).The Cu SA@N-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) catalyst exhibited an excellent CO selectivity with Faraday efficiency of 97.4%at-0.58 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)and satisfactory *** in situ X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)results confirmed that the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)product distribution is mainly affected by potential-dependent valence change of Cu *** findings highlight the extensive potential of tuning coordination structure of MXene-based single-atom catalysts for CO_(2) reduction reactions.

关键词： cooper single atom atomic regulation MXene Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) CO_(2)reduction

Deep learning to develop zero-equation based turbulence model for CFD simulations of the built environment

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 399-414页

作者： Giovanni Calzolari Wei liu Division of Sustainable Buildings Department of Civil and Architectural EngineeringKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinnelvägen 23Stockholm11428Sweden

This study aims to improve the accuracy and speed of predictions for thermal comfort and air quality in built environments by creating a coupled framework between computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations and deep learning *** coupling approach is showcased by the development of a data-driven turbulence *** new turbulence model is built using a deep learning neural network,whose mapping structure is based on a zero-equation turbulence model for built environment simulations,and is coupled with the CFD software OpenFOAM to create a hybrid *** neural network is a standard shallow multi-layer *** number of hidden layers and nodes per layer was optimized using Bayesan optimization *** framework is trained on an indoor environment case study,as well as tested on an indoor office simulation and an outdoor building array *** show that the deep learning based turbulence model is more robust and faster than traditional two-equation Reynolds average Navier-Stokes(RANS)turbulence models,while maintaining a similar level of *** model also outperforms the standard algebraic zero-equation model due to its superior ability to generalize to various flow *** some challenges,namely the mapping constraint,the limited training dataset size and the source of generation of training data,the hybrid framework demonstrates the viability of the coupling technique and serves as a starting point for future development of more reliable and advanced models.

关键词： neural networks computational fluid dynamics(CFD) turbulence model OpenFOAM

Exponential Time Differencing Method for a Reaction-Diffusion System with Free Boundary

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 354-371页

作者： Shuang liu Xinfeng liu Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaSan Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCalifornia92093-0112USA Department of Mathematics University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina29208USA

For reaction-diffusion equations in irregular domains with moving boundaries,the numerical stability constraints from the reaction and diffusion terms often require very restricted time step sizes,while complex geometries may lead to difficulties in the accuracy when discretizing the high-order derivatives on grid points near the *** is very challenging to design numerical methods that can efficiently and accurately handle both *** an implicit scheme may be able to remove the stability constraints on the time step,however,it usually requires solving a large global system of nonlinear equations for each time step,and the computational cost could be *** factor(IF)or exponential time differencing(ETD)methods are one of the popular methods for temporal partial differential equations(PDEs)among many other *** our paper,we couple ETD methods with an embedded boundary method to solve a system of reaction-diffusion equations with complex *** particular,we rewrite all ETD schemes into a linear combination of specificФ-functions and apply one state-of-the-art algorithm to compute the matrix-vector multiplications,which offers significant computational advantages with adaptive Krylov *** addition,we extend this method by incorporating the level set method to solve the free boundary *** accuracy,stability,and efficiency of the developed method are demonstrated by numerical examples.

关键词： Reaction diffusion equations Free boundary Integrating factor method Level set method

UKF‐MOT:An unscented Kalman filter‐based 3D multi‐object tracker

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 1031-1041页

作者： Meng liu Jianwei Niu Yu liu Collective Intelligence&Collaboration Laboratory China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research InstituteBeijingChina China North Vehicle Research Institute BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingChina

Multi‐object tracking in autonomous driving is a non‐linear *** better address the tracking problem,this paper leveraged an unscented Kalman filter to predict the object's *** the association stage,the Mahalanobis distance was employed as an affinity metric,and a Non‐minimum Suppression method was designed for *** the detections fed into the tracker and continuous‘predicting‐matching’steps,the states of each object at different time steps were described as their own continuous *** conducted extensive experiments to evaluate tracking accuracy on three challenging datasets(KITTI,nuScenes and Waymo).The experimental results demon-strated that our method effectively achieved multi‐object tracking with satisfactory ac-curacy and real‐time efficiency.

关键词： autonomous vehicle transportation