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Formation of nanocrystalline microstructure in arc ion plated CrN films

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第A1期21卷 73-77页

作者： Qi-min WANG Se-Hun KWON kwang-ho KIM National Core Research Center for Hybrid Materials Solution Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea

Applying negative bias voltages caused significant microstructure changes in arc ion plated CrN films. Nanocrystalline microstructures were obtained by adjusting the negative bias voltage. Structural characterizations of the films were carried out using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The results indicated that increasing ion bombardment by applying negative bias voltages resulted in the formation of defects in the CrN films, inducing microstructure evolution from micro-columnar to nanocrystalline. The microhardness and residual stresses of the films were also affected. Based on the experimental results, the evolution mechanisms of the film microstructure and properties were discussed by considering ion bombardment effects.

关键词：多弧离子镀微观结构铬薄膜氮化铬纳米晶高分辨透射电子显微镜偏置电压离子轰击

Improved thermal performance of a hydronic radiant panel heating system by the optimization of tube shapes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第6期12卷 428-437页

作者： Young T.CHAE kwang ho LEE Jae Sung PARK School of Architecture University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Architectural Engineering Hanbat National University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

The thermal performance enhancement of the hydronic radiant floor heating system by tube shape refinements is investigated in this *** analytical and detailed numerical modelings are carried out to predict the performance of the radiant *** the simple analytical model briefly investigates the possibility of the effect of the tube shape improvement with the parametric analysis,the commercial computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code(Ansys/CFX) is used to perform the detailed 3D analysis under different tube shape *** fin thickness,the number of fins,and the tube thermal conductivity turn out to have significant effects on the radiant system *** potential energy saving impacts of the tube shape refinements are also *** tube shape improvement turns out to increase the floor surface temperature and to decrease the hot water temperature drop across the system,resulting in heating energy savings.

关键词： Radiant panel system Analytical modeling Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Tube shape Energy saving

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as prognostic marker for patients of non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第8期20卷 2226-2232页

作者： shon ho Sun HWANG Kyung Kuk BAE Jang Whan KIM Kyung Ah LEE Jong Yun RYU Keun ho Database and Bioinformatics Laboratory School of Electrical & Computer Engineering also PSM of School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Medicine School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Informatics and Convergence Chungbuk National University Cheongju

In this work, we analyzed only the patients of the NSTEMI (non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) who arrived at the hospital within 12 h after symptoms started. Using NSTEMI follow-up data within, the characteristics of the clinical data, the risk factor, and the blood tested in the hospital visit were analyzed for MACE (major adverse cardiac events) patients. MACE includes cardiac death, MI (myocardial infarction), Re-PCI, and CABG (coronary artery bypass graft). As a result, from the NSTEMI patients which can be followed up for over 12 m, NT-ProBNP (p=0.014) and age (p=0.045) are found to be the independent risk factors related to MACE. Accordingly, they can be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis for NSTEMI patients as a biomarker.

关键词：心肌梗死预后判断患者 ST 利钠肽 B型 MACE 生物标志物

Carbonaceous aerosol in ambient air: Parallel measurements between water cyclone and carbon analyzer

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 153-158页

作者： Min-Suk Bae James J. Schwab Da-Jeong Park Zang-ho shon Ki-Hyun Kim Department of Environmental Engineering Mokpo National University Muan South Korea Atmospheric Sciences Research Center University at Albany State University of New York 251 Fuller Road Albany NY 12203 USA Environmental Analysis Center Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Dong-Eui University Busan South Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Seoul South Korea

A water cyclone,developed to collect and preserve biological aerosols in a small liquid flow,was interfaced with a total organic carbon analyzer to measure the aerosol organic and inorganic carbon *** total carbon was compared against parallel measurements of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) using a Sunset Real Time ECOC Analyzer between 12-29 January 2009.A National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) like protocol for the measurements included four temperature steps ending at 840 ℃ for OC under a helium atmosphere followed by two temperature steps ramped to 850 ℃ for EC in a helium-oxygen atmosphere,Carbon data comparison between the water cyclone-TOC and the TOC measured by the analyzer indicated good agreement (r2 =0.82,linear regression slope =0.98,p < 0.001).Analyses of the relationship between total water organic carbon and OC,investigated using data sets from case studies spanning two different events,suggested it was possible to distinguish between the primary and secondary sources.

关键词： Water soluble organic carbon Total organic carbon Carbonaceous material

Development of High-Pressure Multigrain X-Ray Diffraction for Exploring the Earth’s Interior

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 441-447页

作者： Li Zhang hongsheng Yuan Yue Meng ho-kwang Mao Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China HPCAT X-Ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington Washington DC 20015 USA

The lower mantle makes up more than a half of our planet’s volume. Mineralogical and petrological experiments on realistic bulk compositions under high pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions are essential for understanding deep mantle processes. Such high P–T experiments are commonly conducted in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell, producing a multiphase assemblage consisting of 100 nm to submicron crystallite grains. The structures of these lower mantle phases often cannot be preserved upon pressure quenching;thus, in situ characterization is needed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of such a multiphase assemblage usually displays a mixture of diffraction spots and rings as a result of the coarse grain size relative to the small X-ray beam size (3–5 lm) available at the synchrotron facilities. Severe peak overlapping from multiple phases renders the powder XRD method inadequate for indexing new phases and minor phases. Consequently, structure determination of new phases in a high P–T multiphase assemblage has been extremely difficult using conventional XRD techniques. Our recent development of multigrain XRD in high-pressure research has enabled the indexation of hundreds of individual crystallite grains simultaneously through the determination of crystallographic orientations for these individual grains. Once indexation is achieved, each grain can be treated as a single crystal. The combined crystallographic information from individual grains can be used to determine the crystal structures of new phases and minor phases simultaneously in a multiphase system. With this new development, we have opened up a new area of crystallography under the high P–T conditions of the deep lower mantle. This paper explains key challenges in studying multiphase systems and demonstrates the unique capabilities of high-pressure multigrain XRD through successful examples of its applications.

关键词： High pressure Synchrotron X-ray Multigrain Diamond anvil cell Minerals Petrology Earth’s interior

Intrinsic Zero-Linear and Zero-Area Compressibilities over an Ultrawide Pressure Range within a Gear-Spring Structure

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第10期4卷 3246-3253页

作者： Dequan Jiang Ting Wen Huimin Song Zimin Jiang Chen Li Ke Liu Wenge Yang ho-kwang Mao Yonggang Wang Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research(HPSTAR) Beijing 100094 School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871

Materials with zero-linear compressibility(ZLC)and zero-area compressibility(ZAC)have great promise for specific applications retaining constancy in specific directions or planes under external *** date,no more than 10 ZLC/ZAC materials have been reported,most of which have very limited working pressure ranges(<10 GPa).Herein,we report the observation of ZLC and ZAC in Li2Ti(IO3)6 with a gear-spring type structure over an ultrawide pressure range(0–40 GPa).

关键词： high pressure zero-linear/zero-area compressibilities gear-spring mechanism ultrawide pressure range

Etching characteristics of thin SiON films using a liquefied perfluorocarbon precursor of C_6F_(12)O with a low global warming potential

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第10期22卷 135-144页

作者： Junmyung LEE Yunho NAM Jongchan LEE Hyun Woo LEE kwang-ho KWON Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Korea UniversitySejong 30019Republic of Korea Department of Aeronautic Computer Engineering Hanseo UniversitySeosan 31962Republic of Korea

Perfluorocarbon gas is widely used in the semiconductor ***,perfluorocarbon has a negative effect on the global environment owing to its high global warming potential(GWP) *** alternative solution is ***,we evaluated the possibility of replacing conventional perfluorocarbon etching gases such as CHF_3 with C_6F_(12)O,which has a low GWP and is in a liquid state at room *** this study,silicon oxynitride(SiON) films were plasma-etched using inductively coupled CF4+C_6F_(12)O+O_2 mixed ***,the etching characteristics of the film,such as etching rate,etching profile,selectivity over Si,and photoresist,were investigated.A double Langmuir probe was used and optical emission spectroscopy was performed for plasma *** addition,a contact angle goniometer and x-ray photoelectron spectroscope were used to confirm the change in the surface properties of the etched SiON film ***,the etching characteristics of the C_6F_(12)O mixed plasma exhibited a lower etching rate,higher SiON/Si selectivity,lower plasma damage,and more vertical etched profiles than the conventional CHF_3 mixed *** addition,the C_6F_(12)O gas can be recovered in the liquid state,thereby decreasing global *** results confirmed that the C_6F_(12)O precursor can sufficiently replace the conventional etching gas.

关键词： global warming potential perfluorocarbon silicon oxynitride etching characteristics liquid-state perfluorocarbon

Discovery of the Baijifeng impact structure in Tonghua,Jilin,China

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第5期8卷 99-102页

作者： Ming Chen Yang Lu Jiahao Ning Wenge Yang Jinfu Shu ho-kwang Mao Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China

An impact structure 1400 m in diameter,formed by a bolide impact,has been discovered on Baijifeng Mountain in Tonghua City in Northeast China’s Jilin *** impact structure takes the form of a cirque-shaped depression on the top of the mountain and is located in a basement mainly composed of Proterozoic sandstone and Jurassic granite.A large number of rock fragments composed mainly of sandstone,with a small amount of granite,are distributed on the top of Baijifeng *** deformation features(PDFs)have been found in quartz in the rock and mineral clasts collected from the surface inside the *** forms of the PDFs indexed in the quartz include among others,{1013},{1012},and{1011}.The presence of these PDFs provides diagnostic evidence for shock metamorphism and the impact origin of the *** impact event took place after the Jurassic Period and probably much later.

关键词： sandstone quartz Jurassic

Xieite,a new mineral of high-pressure FeCr_2O_4 polymorph

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第21期53卷 3341-3345页

作者： CHEN Ming SHU JinFu MAO ho-kwang Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington 5251 Broad Branch Road NW 20015 Washington DC USA

Xieite,a new mineral,occurs in the shock vein of the Suizhou *** mineral has an ortho-rhombic structure and its space group is *** cell parameters are a = 9.462(6),b = 9.562(9),c = 2.916(1).The crystal-chemical formula is(Fe0.87Mg0.13Mn0.01)1.01(Cr1.62Al0.25Ti0.08V0.02)1.97O4,or simply formula *** X-ray diffraction lines are [d(),I/Io]:(2.675,100),(2.389,20),(2.089,10),(1.953,90),(1.566,60),(1.439,15),(1.425,15),(1.337,40).Xieite is a high pressure polymorph of FeCr2O4 and formed by solid-state transformation of chromite under shock-induced high pressure and tem-perature,in association with other high-pressure minerals including ringwoodite,majorite,lingunite and *** P-T condition for the formation of xieite is estimated to be 18―23 GPa and 1800―1950℃,*** has recently been approved by the Commission on New Minerals,Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association(IMA 2007-056).The mineral name,xieite,is named after Xiande Xie.

关键词：络铁矿高压环境基因多态性矿物