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Chemical transformations of n-hexane and cyclohexane under the upper mantle conditions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 1010-1017页

作者： Xin yang Yapei Li Yajie Wang Haiyan Zheng Kuo Li Ho-kwang Mao Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing100094China

Alkanes are an important part of petroleum,the stability of alkanes under extreme conditions is of great significance to explore the origin of petroleum and the carbon cycle in the deep ***,we performed Raman and infrared(IR)spectroscopy studies of n-hexane and cyclohexane under high pressure up to~42 GPa at room temperature(RT)and high temperature(HT).n-Hexane and cyclohexane undergo several phase transitions at RT around 1.8,8.5,18 GPa and 1.1,2.1,4.6,13,30 GPa,respectively,without any chemical *** using resistive heating combined with diamond anvil cell at pressure up to 20 GPa and temperature up to 1000 K,both n-hexane and cyclohexane decompose to hydrogenated graphitic carbon and n-hexane exhibits higher stability than *** results indicate that hydrocarbons tend to dehydrogenate in the upper mantle,and the extension of carbon chains may lead to the formation of some unsaturated compounds and eventually transfer into graphitic products.

关键词： Alkanes High pressure and high temperature Dehydrogenation Hydrocarbon Upper mantle conditions

Ketamine,a trauma analgesic with sex-specific immunomodulatory function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1263-1264页

作者： Haley F.Spencer Rina Y.Berman Martin Boese kwang H.Choi Program in Neuroscience Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Daniel K.Inouye Graduate School of Nursing Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Department of Psychiatry F.E.Hébert School of MedicineUniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA

Ketamine,a multimodal dissociative anesthetic,produces powerful analgesia at subanesthetic doses in traumatically injured *** ketamine does not induce respiratory depression or hemodynamic instability,the Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care for the US military recommends the use of subanesthetic doses of ketamine for acute pain management(Butler et al.,2014).Additionally,ketamine may have immunomodulatory effects after injury at subanesthetic doses,mediating the balance of pro-and anti-inflammatory processes(Loix et al.,2011;De Kock et al.,2013).

关键词： doses acute

Vehicular mobility patterns and their applications to Internet-of-Vehicles: a comprehensive survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 5-46页

作者： Qimei CUI Xingxing HU Wei NI Xiaofeng TAO Ping ZHANG Tao CHEN kwang-Cheng CHEN Martin HAENGGI School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Broadband Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory China mobile Research Institute Digital Productivity and Services Flagship Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Department of Electrical Engineering University of South Florida Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame

With the growing popularity of the Internet-of-Vehicles(IoV), it is of pressing necessity to understand transportation traffic patterns and their impact on wireless network designs and operations. Vehicular mobility patterns and traffic models are the keys to assisting a wide range of analyses and simulations in these applications. This study surveys the status quo of vehicular mobility models, with a focus on recent advances in the last decade. To provide a comprehensive and systematic review, the study first puts forth a requirement-model-application framework in the IoV or general communication and transportation networks. Existing vehicular mobility models are categorized into vehicular distribution, vehicular traffic, and driving behavior models. Such categorization has a particular emphasis on the random patterns of vehicles in space, traffic flow models aligned to road maps, and individuals’ driving behaviors(e.g., lane-changing and car-following). The different categories of the models are applied to various application scenarios, including underlying network connectivity analysis, off-line network optimization, online network functionality, and real-time autonomous driving. Finally, several important research opportunities arise and deserve continuing research efforts, such as holistic designs of deep learning platforms which take the model parameters of vehicular mobility as input features, qualification of vehicular mobility models in terms of representativeness and completeness, and new hybrid models incorporating different categories of vehicular mobility models to improve the representativeness and completeness.

关键词： vehicular mobility pattern Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) traffic flow spatial point process trajectory prediction machine learning deep learning

Artificial intelligence based real-time microcirculation analysis system for laparoscopic colorectal surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第44期26卷 6945-6962页

作者： Sang-Ho Park Hee-Min Park kwang-Ryul Baek Hong-Min Ahn In Young Lee Gyung mo Son Department of Electronic Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea Department of Surgery Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalGyeongsangnam-do 50612South Korea Department of Medicine Pusan National UniversityGyeongsangnam-do 50612South Korea Department of Surgery Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsan-si 50612South Korea

BACKGROUND Colonic perfusion status can be assessed easily by indocyanine green(ICG)angiography to predict ischemia related anastomotic complications during laparoscopic colorectal ***,various parameter-based perfusion analysis have been studied for quantitative evaluation,but the analysis results differ depending on the use of quantitative parameters due to differences in vascular anatomical ***,it can help improve the accuracy and consistency by artificial intelligence(AI)based real-time analysis microperfusion(AIRAM).AIM To evaluate the feasibility of AIRAM to predict the risk of anastomotic complication in the patient with laparoscopic colorectal cancer *** The ICG curve was extracted from the region of interest(ROI)set in the ICG fluorescence video of the laparoscopic colorectal ***-processing was performed to reduce AI performance degradation caused by external environment such as background,light source reflection,and camera shaking using MATLAB 2019 on an I7-8700k Intel central processing unit(CPU)*** learning and evaluation were performed by dividing into a training patient group(n=50)and a test patient group(n=15).Training ICG curve data sets were classified and machine learned into 25 ICG curve patterns using a self-organizing map(SOM)*** predictive reliability of anastomotic complications in a trained SOM network is verified using test *** AI-based risk and the conventional quantitative parameters including T1/2max,time ratio(TR),and rising slope(RS)were consistent when colonic perfusion was favorable as steep increasing ICG curve *** the ICG graph pattern showed stepped rise,the accuracy of conventional quantitative parameters decreased,but the AI-based classification maintained accuracy *** receiver operating characteristic curves for conventional parameters and AI-based classification were comparable for predicting the anastomotic complication *** pe

关键词： Indocyanine green Laparoscopic Artificial intelligent Anastomotic complications Colorectal surgery Microcirculation analysis

Thermal Performance of a Single-row Fin-and-tube Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第2期14卷 172-180页

作者： ShengTANG kwang-Tzuyang BeijingInstituteofControlEngineering Beijing100080China DepartmentofAerospaceandMechanlcalEngineering UniversityofNotreDameNotreDameIN46556USA

Experiments were carried out to study the heat transfer characteristics of a single-row aluminum fin-and-tube crossflow heat exchanger with an emphasis in the regime of low flow rate of the in-tube fluid. The Chilton-Colburn analogy, in conjunction with the least-squares power-law technique, was used to correlate experimental data. Both air- and water-side heat transfer correlations were developed in the form of the Nusselt numbers as a function of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. The experimental observations are quantitatively compared to the predictions of correlations available in the published literature. Different transfer mechanisms were found to be operative in the ranges of water-side Reynolds numbers based on the hydraulic diameter. In a range of Reynolds number from 1,200 to 6,000, the water-side thermal resistance accounts for less than ten percent of the overall thermal resistance. The dominant thermal resistance is always on the air-side. On the other hand, the thermal resistance of water-side is nearly equal to that of air-side in a Reynolds number range from 500 to 1,200.

关键词：热交换热转换管道流计算模型最小方差功率航空发动机

Bioinspired urease-powered micromotor as an active oral drug delivery carrier in stomach

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第3期7卷 54-62页

作者： Hyunsik Choi Sang Hoon Jeong Tae Yeon Kim Jeeyoon Yi Sei kwang Hahn Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea

Self-propelling micro-and nano-motors(MNMs)have been extensively investigated as an emerging oral drug delivery carrier for gastrointestinal(GI)tract ***,the propulsion of current MNMs reported so far is mostly based on the redox reaction of metals(such as Zn and Mg)with severe propulsion gas generation,remaining non-degradable residue in the GI ***,we develop a bioinspired enzyme-powered biopolymer micromotor mimicking the mucin penetrating behavior of Helicobacter pylori in the *** converts urea to ammonia and the subsequent increase of pH induces local gel-sol transition of the mucin layer facilitating the penetration into the stomach tissue *** successful fabrication of micromotors is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,electron energy loss spectroscopy,dynamic light scattering analysis,zeta-potential *** acidic condition,the immobilized urease can efficiently converted urea to ammonia,comparable with that of neutral condition because of the increase of surrounding pH during *** administration into the stomach,the micromotors show enhanced penetration and prolonged retention in the stomach for 24 ***,histological analysis shows that the micromotors are cleared within 3 days without causing any toxicity in the GI *** enhanced penetration and retention of the micromotors as an active oral delivery carrier in the stomach would be successfully harnessed for the treatment of various GI tract diseases.

关键词： Micro-and nanomotors Polydopamine Urease Oral delivery Stomach diseases

BTC-Shadow: an analysis and visualization system for exposing implicit behaviors in Bitcoin transaction graphs

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第6期17卷 167-169页

作者： Ding BAO Wei REN Yuexin XIANG Weimao LIU Tianqing ZHU Yi REN Kim-kwang Raymond CHOO School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing Wuhan 430074China NSFOCUS Technologies Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100089China School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249-0631USA

1 Introduction A Bitcoin ledger comprises a sizable number of transaction records,which can be utilized to make it easier to track and analyze the traits and patterns of cryptocurrency-related *** facilitate the visual analysis of Bitcoin,numerous tools with various aims have been *** example,MiningVis[1]and SuPoolVisor[2]are the analytics systems for Bitcoin mining pools,as well as[3-5]focus on the Bitcoin transaction graphs ***,due to our previous research requirements for Bitcoin transaction graphs,none of the available tools can provide exploring the features of connection related to the address and observe significant visual ***,using these tools is challenging to navigate to abnormal node clusters effortlessly from large node groups and then analyze the local interlink characteristics between transaction nodes with interactive analytics.

关键词： analytic implicit utilized

SYNCRIP controls miR-137 and striatal learning in animal models of methamphetamine abstinence

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第8期12卷 3281-3297页

作者： Baeksun Kim Sung Hyun Tag Eunjoo Nam Suji Ham Sujin Ahn Juhwan Kim Doo-Wan Cho Sangjoon Lee Young-Su yang Seung Eun Lee Yong Sik Kim Il-Joo Cho kwang Pyo Kim Su-Cheol Han Heh-In Im Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis Treatment and Care System of Dementia(DTC)Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Center for Neuroscience KISTSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Animal model Research Center Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation ResearchKorea Institute of Toxicology(KIT)Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Jeongeup 56212Republic of Korea Research Animal Resource Center KISTSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Pharmacology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Center for BioMicrosystems KISTSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Applied Chemistry Kyung Hee UniversityGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea

Abstinence from prolonged psychostimulant use prompts stimulant withdrawal *** adaptations within the dorsal striatum have been considered the main hallmark of stimulant abstinence. Here we explored striatal miRNA-target interaction and its impact on circulating miRNA marker as well as behavioral dysfunctions in methamphetamine(MA) abstinence. We conducted miRNA sequencing and profiling in the nonhuman primate model of MA abstinence, followed by miRNA qPCR,LC-MS/MS proteomics, immunoassays, and behavior tests in mice. In nonhuman primates, MA abstinence triggered a lasting upregulation of miR-137 in the dorsal striatum but a simultaneous downregulation of circulating miR-137. In mice, aberrant increase in striatal miR-137-dependent inhibition of SYNCRIP essentially mediated the MA abstinence-induced reduction of circulating miR-137. Pathway modeling through experimental deduction illustrated that the MA abstinence-mediated downregulation of circulating miR-137 was caused by reduction of SYNCRIP-dependent miRNA sorting into the exosomes in the dorsal striatum. Furthermore, diminished SYNCRIP in the dorsal striatum was necessary for MA abstinence-induced behavioral bias towards egocentric spatial learning. Taken together, our data revealed circulating miR-137 as a potential blood-based marker that could reflect MA abstinence-dependent changes in striatal miR-137/SYNCRIP axis, and striatal SYNCRIP as a potential therapeutic target for striatum-associated cognitive dysfunction by MA withdrawal syndrome.

关键词： Methamphetamine Abstinence Withdrawal Striatum miR-137 SYNCRIP Biomarker Behavior

Ge_(0.92)Sn_(0.08)/Ge multi-quantum-well LEDs operated at 2-μm-wavelength on a 12-inch Si substrate

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Photonics Research 2023年第10期11卷 1606-1612页

作者： SHAOTENG WU LIN ZHANG RONGQIAO WAN HAO ZHOU kwang HONG LEE QIMIAO CHEN YI-CHIAU HUANG XIAO GONG CHUAN SENG TAN School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Applied Materials Inc.SunnyvaleCalifornia 95054USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

The development of an efficient group-IV light source that is compatible with the CmoS process remains a significant goal in Si-based ***,the Ge Sn alloy has been identified as a promising candidate for realizing Si-based light ***,previous research suffered from a small wafer size,limiting the throughput and *** overcome this challenge,we report the successful growth of Ge Sn/Ge multiple-quantum-well(MQW)p-i-n LEDs on a 12-inch(300-mm)Si *** the best of our knowledge,this represents the first report of semiconductor LEDs grown on such a large *** MQW LED epitaxial layer is deposited on a 12-inch(300-mm)(001)-oriented intrinsic Si substrate using commercial reduced pressure chemical vapor *** mitigate the detrimental effects of threading dislocation densities on luminescence,the Ge Sn/Ge is grown *** to the high crystal quality and more directness in the bandgap,enhanced electroluminescence(EL)integrated intensity of 27.58 times is demonstrated compared to the Ge *** MQW LEDs exhibit EL emission near 2μm over a wide operating temperature range of 300 to 450 K,indicating hightemperature *** work shows that Ge Sn/Ge MQW emitters are potential group-IV light sources for large-scale manufacturing.

关键词： quantum emitter overcome