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Marijuana use and suicidal behaviours among school-going adolescents in Africa:assessments of prevalence and risk factors from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey

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General Psychiatry 2021年第4期34卷 32-43,I0010-I0013页

作者： John Tetteh George Ekem-Ferguson Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie Swithin Mustapha Swaray Martin Amogre Ayanore Nana Ayegua Hagan Seneadza kwaku oppong asante Alfred Edwin Yawson Community Health University of Ghana Medical SchoolAccraGhana Department of Psychiatry Korle Bu Teaching HospitalAccraGhana Department of Psychology School of Social SciencesUniversity of Ghana College of HumanitiesAccraGhana National Cardiothoracic Centre Korle Bu Teaching HospitalAccraGhana Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences School of Public HealthHohoeGhana

Background Marijuana use among adolescents,including high school students,has been consistently reported to be associated with a high incidence of suicidal *** empirical research has been conducted on the propensity impact of marijuana use on suicidal behaviours in *** To assess factors associated with marijuana use and further quantify marijuana use as an associated factor of suicidal behaviours,including repeated attempted suicide,suicidal ideation and suicide planning,among high school students in *** A cross-sectional study was conducted among 32802 school-going adolescents using the Global School-Based Student Health Survey data from 10 African countries grouped into West Africa,North Africa,South-East Africa,South Africa and East Africa *** use and repeated attempted suicide were the main outcome *** employed double selection least absolute shrinkage and selection operator poisson regression model to assess risk factors associated with marijuana use and dominance analysis to establish ranked important and common risk *** probability weighting poisson regression adjustment was applied to assess *** The prevalence of marijuana use and repeated attempted suicide were 3.7%(95%CI:3.1 to 4.3)and 6.6%(95%CI:5.9 to 7.4),*** most important risk factor for marijuana use generally across the countries and specifically in three subregions was alcohol consumption,which constituted approximately 40%of the *** average treatment effect on the treated(ATT)indicated that marijuana use significantly increased the risk of suicidal ideation,suicide planning and repeated attempted suicide by 12%(ATT=0.12(95%CI:0.02 to 0.22)),18%(ATT=0.18(95%CI:0.13 to 0.22))and 31%(ATT=0.31(95%CI:0.20 to 0.41)),*** Marijuana use was significantly associated with suicidal behaviours(suicidal ideation,planning and repeated attempted suicide)among the *** achieve Sustainab

关键词： among translate attempted

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Challenges and Motivating Factors of Orthodontic Treatment among Patients Attending Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第6期14卷 291-308页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi kwaku Owusu-Ansah The Department of Child Oral Health and Orthodontics School of Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: Orthodontic treatment poses challenges such as discomfort, aesthetic concerns, dietary restrictions, time commitment, and financial considerations for patients. These challenges can deter individuals from pursuing treatment or cause anxiety during the process. However, patients are motivated by the desire to improve their appearance, boost self-confidence, and enhance oral health. They also value the long-term benefits of treatment, including improved dental function and overall well-being. Professional recommendations from dentists and orthodontists, along with social support from family and friends, further encourage patients to undergo treatment. Understanding these challenges and motivating factors is crucial for orthodontic professionals to tailor treatment plans and ensure positive experiences and successful outcomes for their patients. Objective: To determine the challenges and motivating factors of orthodontic treatment among patients attending Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Method: The study was conducted at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, with a sample size of 60 orthodontic patients. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS software. Ethical approval was obtained, and the findings were shared with stakeholders. Results: Findings showed a higher representation of females (63.3%) seeking orthodontic treatment. Common motivations for seeking orthodontic treatment included aesthetic Concerns (38.2%), misaligned teeth (28.1%) and recommendation from dentist (19.2%). Challenges reported included pain and discomfort (36.7%), difficulty chewing (15%), expensive treatment (14.4%) and missed appointments (11.7%). Factors motivating treatment continuation were visible improvements (30%), achieving optimal results (23%), reducing pain and discomfort (17%). External influences, such as family pressure, also played a role. Patients appreciated the support of healthcare providers during treatment but

关键词： Orthodontic Treatment Aesthetics Motivation Chewing Cross-Sectional Design

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Static and Thermal Analysis of Aluminium (413,390,384 and 332) Piston Using Finite Element Method

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2024年第1期14卷 1-38页

作者： Offei David Inusah Jacob kwaku Nkrumah Vincent Akolbire Atindana Automotive Engineering Department Tamale Technical University Tamale Ghana Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China

The main objective of this research was to examine the suitability of aluminium alloy to design a piston of an internal combustion engine for improvement in weight and cost reduction. The piston was modelled using Autodesk Inventor 2017 software. The modelled piston was then imported into Ansys for further analysis. Static structural and thermal analysis were carried out on the pistons of the four different materials namely: Al 413 alloy, Al 384 alloy, Al 390 alloy and Al332 alloy to determine the total deformation, equivalent Von Mises stress, maximum shear stress, and the safety factor. The results of the study revealed that, aluminium 332 alloy piston deformed less compared to the deformations of aluminium 390 alloy piston, aluminium 384 alloy piston and aluminium 413 alloy piston. The induced Von Mises stresses in the pistons of the four different materials were found to be far lower than the yield strengths of all the materials. Hence, all the selected materials including the implementing material have equal properties to withstand the maximum gas load. All the selected materials were observed to have high thermal conductivity enough to be able to withstand the operating temperature in the engine cylinders.

关键词： Von Mise stress Total deformation Aluminium alloy Thermal analysis. Piston Static structural Heat fux

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Oral Mucosa Graft Glanuloplasty—Ten Years in Retrospect

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 317-323页

作者： kwaku Addai Arhin Appiah Patrick Opoku Manu Maison George Amoah Department of Surgery School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Surgery University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Penile glans amputation is a tragic complication of circumcision. Beyond the psychological trauma parents go through, they have to deal with the lower urinary tract symptoms including acute urine retention their baby boys suffer due to meatal stenosis from the scaring process that ensues. We report on the cosmetic and functional outcomes in two patients ten years after neo-glans reconstruction following total glans amputation as a complication of circumcision and discuss the lessons learned over the period.

关键词： Penile Glans Amputation Circumcision Complication Neo-Glans Reconstruction Meatal Stenosis Urinary Tract Symptoms

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Urethroplasty among Elderly Men, Surgical Techniques and Outcomes

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第3期14卷 179-187页

作者： kwaku Addai Arhin Appiah George Amoah Patrick Opoku Manu Maison Roland Azorliade kwaku Otu-Boateng Douglas Arthur Dominic Annor Mintah Joseph Yorke George Asafu Adjaye Frimpong Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong Department of Surgery School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Department of Surgery School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Introduction: Urethroplasty remains the gold standard for the management of urethral stricture. However, the treatment of stricture disease in the elderly tends to be less invasive due to the presumption that they might not be able to stand long hours of surgery and might have higher rates of recurrence due to poor wound healing from microangiopathy. We present our experience with the outcomes of urethroplasty among elderly men seen at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021. Methods: This was a retrospective review of data captured in the urology database on all patients 65 years and above who underwent urethroplasty at the hospital over the study period. Data was obtained on patients’ demographics, stricture characteristics, urethroplasty technique, and outcome. A successful outcome was defined as peak flow rate > 15 mls/s, a patent urethra on retrograde urethrogram, patient satisfaction with urine stream, or restoration of the normal stream of urine with only one attempt at urethral calibration or internal urethrotomy postoperatively. Data was analyzed using PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Results: Overall, 43 urethroplasties were done over the study period in elderly men. The age range was 65 to 87 years. The commonest aetiology was catheterization (62.79%) followed by urethritis (32.56%). Stricture length ranged from 0.5 cm to 16 cm with a mean of 3.93 cm. Most patients (60.46%) had bulbar urethral strictures. The repair methods employed were anastomotic urethroplasty (62.80%), fasciocutaneous flap (FCF) ventral onlay (13.95%), buccal mucosa graft (BMG) ventral onlay urethroplasty (4.65%), and staged urethroplasty (4.65%). Three of the patients (6.98%) had a combination of anastomotic and tissue transfer urethroplasty. The overall success rate was 88.37%. Complications included three surgical site infections, two urethral diverticula and one glans dehiscence. Conclusion: Elderly men tolerate urethroplasty well and the pr

关键词： Urethral Stricture Elderly Men Urethroplasty Surgical Techniques

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Factors Contributing to Students’ Academic Performance in Public Senior High Schools in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District Ghana

Factors Contributing to Students’ Academic Performance in P...

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作者： ISAAC kwaku asante 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

The main aim of this study was to investigate factors which have the probable influence on Senior High School students’ academic performance within Sawla-Tuna-Kalba *** study used self-designed survey and stratified sample technique to select the *** study was conducted among four hundred and twenty（420）participants which consisted of hundred（100）teachers,twenty（20）Heads of Department,and three hundred（300）students from three Senior High Schools in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba *** main data collection tool used were an online questionnaire（primary）and student’s terminal report（secondary）.The study used student’s perception on school climate,student’s evaluation of classroom environment,teacher’s perception about the school climate and teacher’s professionalism in the classroom as independent variables and Student Academic Performances as a dependable variable for the ***（1982）Educational Production Theory was adopted as the main theoretical framework which guided the selection of the *** Analysis with Principal Component Analysis（PCA）was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and identified the critical factors that influence students’ academic performance in the selected Senior High *** study further used confirmatory factor analysis（CFA）and Path Analysis to justify the model fit of all the schools’ *** results indicated that students’ positive perception of their schools,students’ evaluation of classroom environment and teachers’ professionalism in the classroom variables were consistent in influencing students’ academic performance across all the three Senior High Schools in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba ***,the study recognized that teachers’ level of professionalism influenced students’ academic performance directly and indirectly because they used both their experience and talents to impress on students’ *** study suggested that the schools within the district should endeavour to

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Climatic and non-climatic factors driving the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 24-39页

作者： Frank BAFFOUR-ATA Louisa BOAKYE Moses Tilatob GADO Ellen BOAKYE-YIADOM Sylvia Cecilia MENSAH Senyo Michael kwaku KUMFO Kofi Prempeh OSEI OWUSU Emmanuel CARR Emmanuel DZIKUNU Patrick DAVIES Department of Environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana Department of Meteorology and Climate Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana

Smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana,face multiple climatic and non-climatic *** study assessed the factors contributing to the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in this district by household surveys with 200 respondents and focus group discussions(FGDs)with 10 *** Mann–Kendall trend test was used to assess mean annual rainfall and temperature trends from 2002 to *** relative importance index(RII)value was used to rank the climatic and non-climatic factors perceived by *** socioeconomic characteristics affecting smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were evaluated by the binary logistic regression *** showed that mean annual rainfall decreased(P>0.05)but mean annual temperature significantly increased(P<0.05)from 2002 to 2022 in the *** key climatic factors perceived by smallholder farmers were extreme heat or increasing temperature(RII=0.498),erratic rainfall(RII=0.485),and increased windstorms(RII=0.475).The critical non-climatic factors were high cost of farm inputs(RII=0.485),high cost of healthcare(RII=0.435),and poor condition of roads to farms(RII=0.415).Smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were significantly affected by their socioeconomic characteristics(P<0.05).This study concluded that these factors negatively impact the livelihoods and well-being of smallholder farmers and socioeconomic characteristics influence their perceptions of these ***,to enhance the resilience of smallholder farmers to climate change,it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive and context-specific approach that accounts for climatic and non-climatic factors.

关键词： Smallholder farmers Livelihood vulnerability Climate change Socioeconomic characteristics Food security Ghana

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基于最佳住院时间的心力衰竭患者1年内再入院的影响因素

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临床心血管病杂志 2024年第2期40卷 142-149页

作者：罗豪刘延旭文聪崔扬扬杜林芹周阳郑健康沈秀峰 Ofe Eugene kwaku 王坤曾浪李仕康岳荣川川北医学院附属医院心血管内科四川南充637000

目的:评估心力衰竭(心衰)患者住院时间(LOS)与1年内再入院风险的关系,探索最佳LOS患者再入院的影响因素。方法:收集2018-01-01—2020-12-31于川北医学院附属医院心血管内科住院治疗的心衰患者的临床资料,根据住院时间进行分组(LOS1:≤5d... 详细信息

目的:评估心力衰竭(心衰)患者住院时间(LOS)与1年内再入院风险的关系,探索最佳LOS患者再入院的影响因素。方法:收集2018-01-01—2020-12-31于川北医学院附属医院心血管内科住院治疗的心衰患者的临床资料,根据住院时间进行分组(LOS1:≤5d、LOS2:6~10d、LOS3:11~15d、LOS4:≥16d),通过单因素logistic回归分析展示不同LOS组与再入院的关系,筛选出OR比值最低的LOS组,根据1年内因心衰再入院的随访结果,把OR值最低的LOS患者分为再入院组、非再入院组,比较两组患者之间的基线资料,将差异有统计学意义的变量纳入多因素logistic回归分析,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)。结果:通过单因素回归分析可知,LOS2组患者OR值最低,共649例患者,其中再入院组为216例,非再入院组为433例;通过多因素logistic回归分析可知吸烟史、血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、N型末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)以及肾小球滤过率(eGFR)是LOS2组心衰患者1年内再入院的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示吸烟史、Hcy、eGFR、NT-proBNP单独以及联合预测LOS2患者1年内再入院的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.594、0.627、0.643、0.733、0.775。结论:LOS2再入院风险最低。吸烟史、Hcy、NT-proBNP以及eGFR在LOS2组患者1年内再入院的风险中表现出良好的预测价值。

关键词：心力衰竭住院时间再入院影响因素风险预测模型

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NSTEMI患者PCI术后再入院风险预测模型的建立及验证

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川北医学院学报 2024年第5期39卷 598-602页

作者：刘延旭罗豪文聪崔扬扬杜林芹周阳 Ofe Eugene kwaku 岳荣川川北医学院附属医院心血管内科四川南充637000

目的:探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者行直接PCI术后再入院的影响因素,并建立预测模型。方法:选取166例NSTEMI患者为研究对象,依据患者PCI术后1年内是否因心梗及心肌梗死并发症再入院分为再入院组(n=110)和未再入院组(n=56)... 详细信息

目的:探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者行直接PCI术后再入院的影响因素,并建立预测模型。方法:选取166例NSTEMI患者为研究对象,依据患者PCI术后1年内是否因心梗及心肌梗死并发症再入院分为再入院组(n=110)和未再入院组(n=56)。分析NSTEMI患者行直接PCI术后再入院的独立影响因素,并构建其风险预测模型列线图,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线来评估模型区分度,采用Hosmer-Lemeshow对模型进行拟合优度检验,绘制校准曲线评估模型准确度。结果:心率、有无肺炎病史、病变血管数、甘油三酯、B型利钠肽为NSTEMI患者经直接PCI术后再入院的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。构建预测模型列线图,ROC曲线显示,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.773,敏感度为70.9%,特异度为76.8%,Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.329,P=0.351)。通过模型校准曲线提示列线图模型的实际曲线接近理想曲线。结论:心率、有无肺炎病史、病变血管数、甘油三酯、B型利钠肽为NSTEMI患者直接PCI术后再入院的独立预测因素,以此建立的预测模型列线图可直观、快捷的对该类患者再入院的风险进行评估。

关键词：非ST抬高型心肌梗死 PCI 再入院预测模型

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The Market Expansion Strategies of Chinese Companies in Ghana.A Case Study of Tecno

The Market Expansion Strategies of Chinese Companies in Ghan...

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作者： YANKYIRAH kwaku AMOFAH 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

中国是世界上增长最快的经济体之一,也是世界上一些最大的跨国公司。中国的几家公司包括建筑公司,矿业公司,智能手机公司,如华为,ITEL,INFINIX和TECNO已经进入加纳经济。加纳的许多项目都由几家中国公司负责。在这些公司中,天工一直是... 详细信息

中国是世界上增长最快的经济体之一,也是世界上一些最大的跨国公司。中国的几家公司包括建筑公司,矿业公司,智能手机公司,如华为,ITEL,INFINIX和TECNO已经进入加纳经济。加纳的许多项目都由几家中国公司负责。在这些公司中,天工一直是加纳最成功和用户友好的公司之一,这促使需要研究他们的业务如何帮助其他类似公司在加纳经济中取得成功。企业竞争的加剧是由于一些组织和环境方面的原因,全球化、创新技术以及全球和国内竞争的进步,而这些都升级了认识到影响市场份额的营销策略的需要。该研究以TECNO为案例,研究了中国企业在加纳的市场拓展策略。该研究还研究了加纳市场上最适合Tecno公司的市场策略模式。数据通过问卷调查获得,并通过社会科学(SPSS)和回归模型的统计包进行分析。结果表明,营销策略(价格,地点,促销和产品)与市场份额积极且显着相关。此外,调查结果显示,成本加上定价是他们公司管理的最佳营销策略。然而,这项研究确立了媒体广告作为中国天工公司目前在加纳管理的最佳推广策略。因此,企业应该制造一个产品的质量更高,价格更好,执行按时交货,放置库房和产品的安全库存,并在这个竞争激烈的市场上做宣传和促销,这是成功经营的基本组成部分。讨论了某些政策建议

关键词：营销策略市场份额价钱推广 TECNO传音公司加纳

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