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Effects of contrast media on the hepato-pancreato-biliary system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第38期15卷 4788-4793页

作者： Omer Topcu Atilla kurt Isilay Nadir Sema Arici Ayhan Koyuncu Cengiz Aydin Department of General Surgery Faculty of MedicineCumhuriyet University Department of Gastroenterology Numune Hospital Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineCumhuriyet University

AIM： To determine the effects of high osmolarity contrast media （HOCM） and iso-osmolar contrast media （CM） application, with or without pressure, on hepato-pancreato-biliary （HPB） system. METHODS： Sixty rats were divided into six equal groups as follows： Group i：（0.9% NaCl, control）, Group 2：（diatrizoate meglumine Na, ionic HOCM, Urographin）, Group 3：（iodixanol, iso-osmolar nonionic CM, Visipaque）; each of which was applied without pressure, whereas the animals of the remaining three groups （1p, 2p, 3p） were subjected to the same CM with pressure. We performed a duodenal puncture and introduced a catheter into the ampulla. After the catheterization, 0.2 mL CM or 0.9% NaCI was injected with or without pressure. Blood samples were taken for biochemical evaluations. The histopathological examinations of liver, common bile duct, and pancreas were performed. RESULTS： There were no significant differences between the six groups for blood amylase, alanine aminotransferases, aspartate aminotransferases, bilirubin levels （P 〉 0.05）. Alkaline phosphatase and γ glutamyl transaminase levels were higher （P 〈 0.05） in the Urographin groups （2, 2p） than the Visipaque groups （3, 3p）, or control groups （1, 1p）. Hepatocyte necrosis, portal area inflammation, and Kupffer＇s cell hyperplasia were higher （P 〈 0.05） in the study groups than the control group. However, there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05） between HOCM （2, 2p） and iso-osmolar CM （3, 3p） groups. Bile duct proliferation and regeneration in the Urographin groups （2, 2p） were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than the Visipaque~ groups （3, 3p） or the control groups （1, lp）. Although CM caused minor damage to the pancreas, there were no statistically significant differences （P 〉 0.05） between the groups. Application of the CM with pressure did not cause additional damage to the HPB system. CONCLUSION： Iso-osmolar, non-ionic CM could be more reliable than the ionic HOCM, whereas the application of pressure during the

关键词： Contrast media Liver Pancreas Biliarytract Pressure

A regularization scheme for explicit level-set XFEM topology optimization

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第2期14卷 153-170页

作者： Markus J.GEISS Jorge L.BARRERA Narasimha BODDETI kurt MAUTE Ann and H.J.Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences University of Colorado at BoulderBoulderCO 80309-0429USA Singapore University of Technology and Design SUTD Digital Manufacturing and Design CentreSingapore 487372Singapore

Regularization of the level-set(LS)field is a critical part of LS-based topology optimization(TO)*** this is achieved by advancing the LS field through the solution of a Hamilton-Jacobi equation combined with a reinitialization *** approach,however,may limit the maximum step size and introduces discontinuities in the design ***,energy functionals and intermediate LS value penalizations have been *** paper introduces a novel LS regularization approach based on a signed distance field(SDF)which is applicable to explicit LSbased *** SDF is obtained using the heat method(HM)and is reconstructed for every design in the optimization *** governing equations of the HM,as well as the ones describing the physical response of the system of interest,are discretized by the extended finite element method(XFEM).Numerical examples for pro?blems modeled by linear elasticity,nonlinear hyperelasticity and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in two and three dimensions are presented to show the applicability of the proposed scheme to a broad range of design optimization problems.

关键词： level-set regularization explicit level-sets XFEM CutFEM topology optimization heat method signed distance field nonlinear structural mechanics fluid mechanics

Complete Radiation Boundary Conditions for Convective Waves

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第2期11卷 610-628页

作者： Thomas Hagstrom Eliane Becache Dan Givoli kurt Stein Dept.of Mathematics Southern Methodist UniversityDallasTX 75275USA. Propagation des Ondes Etude Mathematique et Simulation(POEMS)INRIADomaine de Voluceau-RocquencourtBP 10578153 Le Chesnay CedexFrance Dept.of Aerospace Engineering TechnionHaifa 32000Israel

Local approximate radiation boundary conditions of optimal efficiency for the convective wave equation and the linearized Euler equations in waveguide geometry are formulated,analyzed,and *** results extend and improve for the convective case the general formulation of high-order local radiation boundary condition sequences for anisotropic scalar equations developed in[4].

关键词： Radiation boundary conditions convective waves

An assessment of direct and indirect effects of climate change for populations of the Rocky Mountain Apollo butterfly （ Parnassius smintheus Doubleday）

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Insect Science 2011年第4期18卷 385-392页

作者： Stephen F. Matter Amanda Doyle kurt Illerbrun Jeanette Wheeler Jens Roland Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada

Climate change is occurring and insects are responding. Current challenges for ecologists and managers are predicting how organisms will respond to continuing climate change and determining how to mitigate potential negative effects. In contrast to broad scale predictions for climate change involving the distribution of species, in this article we highlight the many ways in which local populations of the Rocky Mountain Apollo butterfly （Parnassius smintheus Doubleday） are predicted to respond to climate change. Using experimental and observational data collected over the past 15 years, we detail both direct and indirect effects. In addition, we identify limitations in our knowledge restricting the ability to predict how populations will respond to climate change. Some changes, such as warmer winter temperatures, may have beneficial effects; however, most of the effects of climate change will be detrimental. Variability in snow cover during the overwintering period and habitat loss due to forest encroachment have the largest potential negative effects.

关键词： alpine host plants population growth tree-line weather

Quality of care in inflammatory bowel diseases: What is the best way to better outcomes?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第22期24卷 2363-2372页

作者： Matthew Strohl Lorant Gonczi Zsuzsanna kurt Talat Bessissow Peter L Lakatos Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health Center First Department of Medicine Semmelweis University

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a lifelong, progres-sive disease that has disabling impacts on patient's lives. Given the complex nature of the diagnosis of IBD and its management there is consequently a large economic burden seen across all health care systems. Quality in-dicators(QI) have been created to assess the different fa?ades of disease management including structure, process and outcome components. Their development serves to provide a means to target and measure quality of care(Qo C). Multiple different QI sets have been published in IBD, but all serve the same purpose of trying to achieve a standard of care that can be attained on a national and international level, since there is still a major variation in clinical practice. There have been many recent innovative developments that aim to improve Qo C in IBD including telemedicine, home biomarker assessment and rapid access clinics. These are some of the novel advancements that have been shown to have great potential at improving Qo C, while offloading some of the burden that IBD can have vis-a-vis emergency room visits and hospital admissions. The aim of the current review is to summarize and discuss available QI sets and recent developments in IBD care including telemedicine, and to give insight into how the utilization of these tools could benefit the Qo C of IBD patients. Additionally, a treating-to-target structure as well as evidence surrounding aggressive management directed at tighter disease control will be presented.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Telemedicine Quality indicators Quality of care Treat-to-target

Spin texturing in a parabolically confined quantum wire with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第1期23卷 347-356页

作者： S. Sarıkurt S. Şakiroğlu K. Akgüngör İ Sökmen Dokuz Eylül University The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Physics Department Tınaztepe Campus 35390 İzmir Turkey Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Science Physics Department Tınaztepe Campus 35390 İzmir Turkey

In this study, we investigate theoretically the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the energy level spectrum and spin texturing of a quantum wire with a parabolic confining potential subjected to the perpendicular magnetic field. Highly accurate numerical calculations have been carried out using a finite element method. Our results reveal that the interplay between the spin-orbit interaction and the effective magnetic field significantly modifies the band structure, producing additional subband extrema and energy gaps. Competing effects between external field and spin-orbit interactions introduce comp｜ex features in spin texturing owing to the couplings in energy subbands. We obtain that spatia~ modulation of the spin density along the wire width can be considerably modified by the spin-orbit coupling strength, magnetic field and charge carrier concentration.

关键词： spin—orbit coupling zeeman splitting quantum wire spin texture

Relationship between pinguecula formation and exposure to tandoor ovens in a hospital-based study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第6期7卷 1014-1016页

作者： Adem Gul Hasan Goker Senol Sabanci Ali kurt Kemal Turkyilmaz Department of Ophthalmology Ondokuz Mayis University Department of Ophthalmology Fatih University Department of Ophthalmology Ortadogu Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Kirsehir University Department of Ophthalmology Rize University

AIM: To investigate the relationship between pinguecula and the use of tandoor ***: A total of 539 women, ranging in age from20 to 86 y who attended an outpatient clinic were enrolled. All the patients were asked whether they used tandoor ovens. Women exposed to tandoor ovens(n =286) were accepted as participants in the study group and they were compared with participants in the control group(n =253). The age, presence of pinguecula,duration of exposure to tandoor ovens as years and occupations were recorded for all the ***: Mean duration for exposure to tandoor was20.26y(range 1-62y) in the study group. The rate of pinguecula in the study group was 82.2%(235/286), and the rate in the control group was 37.5%(95/253); this difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Pinguecula was seen in 61.2%(330/539) of all the ***: Pinguecula is strongly associated with exposure to tandoor ovens.

关键词： pinguecula tandoor ovens heat effect

Red cell distribution width and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16387-16388页

作者： Yasemin Gulcan kurt Tuncer Cayci Fevzi Nuri Aydin Mehmet Agilli Department of Biochemistry Gulhane Military Medical Academy06010 AnkaraTurkey Department of Biochemistry Sirnak Military Hospital73000 SirnakTurkey Department of Biochemistry Agri Military Hospital04000 AgriTurkey

Red cell distribution width is a measure of deviation of the volume of red blood *** is a marker of anisocytosis and often used to evaluate the possible causes of *** red cell distribution width levels are also associated with acute and chronic inflammatory *** nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,inflammation is accompanied with *** assuming red cell distribution width as a marker of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,intervening factors such as levels of inflammatory markers should also be evaluated.

关键词： Red cell distribution width Steatohepatitis Inflammatory markers Steatosis Fibrosis

Mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in small cell lung cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2024年第1期7卷 1-23页

作者： Yunan Nie kurt A.Schalper Anne Chiang Department of Medical Oncology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510USA Department of Pathology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510USA

Small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with a poor *** the addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy has modestly improved outcomes,most patients rapidly develop *** to immunotherapy can be broadly categorized into primary resistance and acquired resistance,as proposed by the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer(SITC)consensus *** resistance occurs in the setting of failure to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),while acquired resistance develops after initial *** mechanisms of acquired and primary resistance to ICI are not well understood in SCLC,denoting an area of critical unmet *** intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms play significant roles in immunotherapy *** mechanisms include defects in antigen presentation,mutations in key genes,reduced tumor immunogenicity,and epigenetic *** mechanisms involve the tumor microenvironment(TME),which is a complex interplay of both tumor-and immunosuppressive immune cells,vasculature,and *** understanding of these resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies to advance effective immunotherapy in patients with SCLC,a critical area of unmet need.

关键词： Immunotherapy resistance small cell lung cancer biomarker primary resistance acquired resistance