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Gastric-and intestinal-type marker expression in invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第4期11卷 424-428页

作者： Yuichi Takano Nobuyuki Ohike Takuma Tajiri kunio asonuma Kenji Harada Hiroshi Takahashi Toshio Morohoshi First Department of Pathology Showa University School of MedicineTokyo 142-8555Japan Division of Gastroenterology KanagawaJapan Department of Diagnostic Pathology KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND:Although invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas(PDAC) manifests as a relatively uniform histomorphological feature of the pancreatobiliary type,it may be complicated by metaplastic changes and heterogeneous gastric and intestinal *** study aimed to investigate the complication rate and clinicopathological significance of such heterogeneous ***:Fifty-nine patients who underwent resection of PDAC were examined in this ***,tumors showing high expression(>25%) of the intestinal-type(INT) marker CDX2 were classified as PDAC with *** with high expression(>25%) of the gastric-type(GAS) marker MUC5AC were classified as PDAC with GAS,while those with high expression of both markers were classified as PDAC with INT/*** patients were compared with those with PDAC of the negative group in which neither markers was highly expressed to examine their clinicopathological ***:In the 59 patients,31(52.5%) showed high CDX2 or MUC5AC ***-eight patients(47.5%) belonged to a negative group,11(18.6%) to a PDAC with INT group,15(25.4%) to a PDAC with GAS group,and 5(8.5%) to a PDAC with INT/GAS *** significant differences were observed for age,gender,size,localization,T classification,or prognosis among the four *** the PDAC with GAS group had well differentiated types significantly more than the other groups,the rate of lymph node metastasis in this group was significantly higher(PDAC with GAS:73%;other groups:36%).CONCLUSION:Complications with heterogeneous elements are not uncommon in PDAC,and this should be considered during the diagnosis and treatment of PDAC along with histogenesis of the disease.

关键词： ductal adenocarcinoma pancreatic neoplasms gastric-type intestinal-type immunohistochemistry

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Handedness found in a wild group of moor monkeys Macaca maurus in the Karaenta Nature Reserve, South Sulawesi,Indonesia

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 209-212页

作者： kunio WATANABE Primate Research Institute Kyoto University

Hand preference of wild moor monkeys Macaca maurus was investigated in food reaching situations at the Karaenta Nature Reserve, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The frequency picking up sweet-corn grains to take into the mouth by either hand of monkeys was counted directly at the feeding ground where sweet-corn grains were scattered for monkeys. Among the 20 monkeys examined, 8 were right-handed, 8 were left-handed, and 4 were ambilateral. The results indicated the prevailed hand preference on individual level but not either trends of left- or right-hand preference on population level. The trend toward a higher proportion of left-handed monkeys found in Japanese and rhesus monkeys was not found. Some other characteristics found in moor monkeys are discussed in comparison with those previous findings in Japanese and Tibetan macaques in order to evaluate variations within the genus Macaca

关键词： Moor macaque Macaca maurus Handedness Laterality Sulawesi

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Early development of peer dominance relationships in a captive group of Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 190-197页

作者： RIZALDI kunio WATANABE Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Andalas University

We studied early development of peer dominance relationships in a captive group of Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata fuscata at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University. This study aims to give detailed descriptions on characteristic patterns of maternal rank acquisition from infant to juvenile. Focal subjects were 22 young monkeys belonging to three cohorts born in 2002, 2003 and 2005. Data were collected with a total 2130 sessions of 30-minute continuous recording of focal subjects combined with all occurrence-sampling methods. The onset of aggressive behavior varied per cohort and was delayed in cohorts with fewer close-aged associates. More than 60% of dyadic combinations in agonistic interactions between peers were unidirectional throughout the study period. Although some bidirectional interactions could have involved unstable relationships between particular individuals, most of the bidirectional interactions included a few continuous series of alternating one-sided interactions. A linear order could be found among peers from the first appearance of aggressive behavior, and nearly 90% of those dyads were concordant with that of their mother＇s rank order. Young males were responsible for most of the dominance relations that would not be predicted based on their mother＇s rank. These results suggest that infant monkeys may recognize their own social status relative to their opponent＇s before onset of aggressive behavior and adjust themselves into the matrilineal rank system accordingly.

关键词： Aggressive behavior Dominance relationship Early development Japanese macaque

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Study on the hydrothermal drying technology of sewage sludge

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 160-163页

作者： kunio Yoshikawa Tokyo Institute of Technology G5-84259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8502Japan

Drying of sewage sludge is an effective way for treatment and utilization of sewage sludge,where reduction of energy consumption is one of the major technical *** we experimentally investigated the possibility of the hydrothermal *** have found that treatment of sewage sludge by saturated steam with the temperature of 190°C and pressure of 20 bar can dramatically improve the dehydration performance of the slurry like *** the water content can be reduced down to about 55% by a mechanical *** natural drying 24 h it can be reduced down to about 20%.The final product is almost odorless and can easily be used for the refuse derived fuel(RDF).The sewage sludge product may be used as land-fill,or burned in a boiler or incinerator.

关键词： sewage sludge hydrothermal drying mechanical dehydration

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THE ELECTRO-ELASTIC FIELD OF THE INFINITE PIEZOELECTRIC MEDIUM WITH TWO PIEZOELECTRIC CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL INCLUSIONS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2002年第4期18卷 368-385页

作者：吴林志 kunio Funami School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Mechanical Engineering Chiba Institute of TechnologyChibaJapan

The electro-elastic field of the infinite piezoelectric medium with two piezoelectric circular cylindrical inclusions is derived under the antiplane shear stresses and inplane electric *** analytical solution is *** proposed method is based upon the use of conformal mapping and the theorem of analytic *** the results obtained,it can be found that the electro-elastic field depends on the material constants of individual phases,the geometric parameters of the system and the applied antiplane shear stresses and electric fields at *** addition,the specific cases when two circular cylindrical inclusions are tangent to each other and they are holes and/or rigid ones,are also studied in this paper.

关键词： electro-elastic field piezoelectric medium two inclusions

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Variation in intergroup encounters among two provisioned free-ranging populations of Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata

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Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 517-524页

作者： Peng ZHANG kunio WATANABE Anthropology Department Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Primate Research Institute Kyoto UniversityJapan

Typically, Japanese macaques are thought to avoid encountering other groups wherever possible. Intergroup relations between macaques on Shodoshima Island, however, appear exceptional. We show that neighboring groups of Shodoshima mon-keys spent 32.8% of their active time in proximity to （〈100 m） and even foraged simultaneously at the same provisioning site with another group. The average duration and rate of intergroup encounters at Shodoshima （59.8 rain, 0.33 times/hour, n=269） were approximately ten times longer and 16.5 times more frequent than those at Jigokudani （6.1 rain, 0.02 times/hour, n--14）. Since both populations have similar provisioning and ecological conditions, such variation cannot be explained by the socioecol- ogy model alone. Compared with other populations of Japanese macaques, intergroup relations of Shodoshima monkeys are also characterized by more frequent neutral encounters, less frequent agonistic encounters, more frequent unsuccessful displacement, a lower intensity of aggression, and more frequent counter-aggression between groups. These characteristics suggest that intergroup relationships on Shodoshima Island are more tolerant than those in other Japanese macaque populations. This study reveals con- siderable differences in intergroup encounters within local populations of Japanese macaques living in similar environments, and emphasizes the role of social factors in such intra-specific variation [Current Zoology 58 （4）： 517-524, 2012].

关键词： Intergroup encounter Macacafuscata Intra-specific variation Tolerance

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Natural history of chronic hepatitis C in patients on hemodialysis: Case control study with 4-23 years of follow-up

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第15期10卷 2209-2212页

作者： kunio Okuda Osamu Yokosuka Department Medicine and Clinical Oncology Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChiba 260-8670Japan

AIM:Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is very common among end-stage kidney disease patients on hemodialysis,but its natural history is not known. METHODS:In this study,189 dialysis patients(case) positive for HCV antibodies who were followed up for more than 4 years were compared with twice as many sex/age matched controls with chronic hepatitis C who were diagnosed in the same month as the case and followed up for comparable *** longest follow-up was 23 years in dialysis cases. The disease activities were graded into'asymptomatic'if ALT was less than 40(35 in cases)IU/L,'low activities'if ALT was 40(35)-79 IU/L,and'high activities'if ALT was above 80 IU/L during the last or latest 4 year period. RESULTS:All 25 dialysis cases who were followed up for more than 15 years were asymptomatic and 15 of them were negative for HCV *** the 50 controls followed up for more than 15 years,34 had high activities,and none deared HCV *** were 60 controls who were asymptomatic, but they were all positive for HCV RNA,while 22.3% of asymptomatic dialysis cases were RNA *** dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C progressed to cirrhosis, whereas the disease progressed to cirrhosis in more than one quarter of the *** differences were highly significant(P<0.0001). CONCLUSION:Chronic hepatitic C among hemodialysis patients is mild in disease activity,and is not progressive, perhaps due to immunological abnormalities in these patients. Hepatic C virus is frequently cleared in asymptomatic dialysis patients during a long course.A possible mechanism for viral clearance is viral particle destruction on the surface of the dialyzer membrane.

关键词： Renal Dialysis Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Case-Control Studies DNA, Viral Female Follow-Up Studies Hepacivirus Hepatitis C, Chronic Humans Male Middle Aged

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Surface Activities of Calix [4]resorcinarenes Bearing Four Hydrophobic Chains and Its Solubilization for Organic Compounds

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第2期18卷 206-210页

作者： LI Bo Yoshifumi KOIDE kunio ESUMI Toyota Central R&D Labs. Inc.411YokomichiNagakuteAichi 4801192Japan Departemnt of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Colloid and Interface Science Science University of Tokyo

Calix resorcinarenes bearing four hydrophobic side chains ( Ar-Rn, Ar-Ph, and Ar-N) orient stably on water oil interface and show high solubilization capacities for organic compounds, such as long chain alcohols, benzene, toluene and dyes. The capacities are high even near the cmc of polyalkylated calix resorcinarenes, but the solubilities of organic compounds(solubilizates) decrease with the increase of the size of the solubilizates. Ar-R 6, with a chain length of six carbons, is the most effective among Ar-R n , Ar-Ph, and Ar-N; 11 fold mol of hexanol is dissolved in 2×10 -3 mol/L Ar-R 6. Moreover, Ar-R n bearing four alkyl side chains solubilizes the chain alcohols of the same chain length mostly. The solubilization capacities are presumably brought by inclusion in a large cavity of the polyalkylated calix resorcinarenes and by an efficient orientation of the solubilizates.

关键词： Calix resorcinarene Hydrophobic chain Polyalkylate Solubilizate

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Function-preserving gastrectomy for gastric cancer in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 5888-5895页

作者： Eiji Nomura kunio Okajima Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery Tokai University Hachioji Hospital Hachioji Tokyo 192-0032 Japan Emeritus professor of Osaka Medical College Takatsuki Osaka 569-8686 Japan

Surgery used to be the only therapy for gastric cancer, and since its ability to cure gastric cancer was the focus of attention, less attention was paid to functionpreserving surgery in gastric cancer, though it was studied for gastroduodenal ulcer. Maki et al developed pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for gastric ulcer in 1967. At the same time, the definition of early gastric cancer(EGC) was being considered, histopathological investigations of EGC were carried out, and the validity of modified surgery was sustained. After the development of H2-blockers, the number of operations for gastroduodenal ulcers decreased, and the number of EGC patients increased simultaneously. As a result, the indications for pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for EGC in the middle third of the stomach extended, and various alterations were added. Since then, many kinds of function-preserving gastrectomies have been performed and studied in other fields of gastric cancer, and proximal gastrectomy, jejunal pouch interposition, segmental gastrectomy, and local resection have been performed. On the other hand, from the overall perspective, it can be said that endoscopic resection, which was launched at almost the same time, is the ultimate function-preserving surgery under the current circumstances. The current function-preserving gastrectomies that are often performed and studied are pylorus-preserving gastrectomy and proximal gastrectomy. The reasons for this are that these procedures that can be performed with systemic lymph node dissection, and they include three important elements:(1) reduction of the extent of gastrectomy;(2) preservation of the pylorus; and(3) preservation of the vagal nerve. In addition, these operations are more likely to be performed with a laparoscopic approach as minimally invasive surgery. Of the above-mentioned three elements, reduction of the extent of gastrectomy is the most important in our view. Therefore, we should try to reduce the extent of gastrectomy if cu

关键词： Early gastric cancer Function-preserving gastrectomy Quality of life Laparoscopic surgery

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LESS-INVASIVE LASER THERAPY AND DIAGNOSIS USING A TABLETOP MID-INFRARED TUNABLE LASER

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2010年第4期3卷 285-292页

作者： HISANAO HAZAMA KATSUNORI ISHII kunio AWAZU Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Research Institute of Nuclear Engineering University of Fukui 3-9-1 BunkyoFukuiFukui 910-8507Japan Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University GokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan

Since numerous characteristic absorption lines caused by molecular vibration exist in the midinfrared(MIR)wavelength region,selective excitation or selective dissociation of molecules is possible by tuning the laser wavelength to the characteristic absorption lines of target *** applying this feature to the medical fields,less-invasive treatment and non-destructive diagnosis with absorption spectroscopy are possible using tunable MIR lasers.A high-energy nanosecond pulsed MIR tunable laser was obtained with difference-frequency generation(DFG)between a Nd:YAG and a tunable Cr:forsterite *** MIR-DFG laser was tunable in a wavelength range of 5.5–10μm and generated laser pulses with energy of up to 1.4mJ,a pulse width of 5 ns,and a pulse repetition rate of 10 *** removal of atherosclerotic lesion was successfully demonstrated with the MIR-DFG laser tuned at a wavelength of 5.75μm,which corresponds to the characteristic absorption of the ester bond in cholesterol esters in the atherosclerotic *** have developed a non-destructive diagnostic probe with an attenuated total reflection(ATR)prism and two hollow optical *** absorption spectrum of cholesterol was measured with the ATR probe by scanning the wavelength of the MIR-DFG laser,and the spectrum was in good agreement with that measured with a commercial Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.

关键词： Mid-infrared tunable laser difference-frequency generation selective treatment attenuated total reflection spectroscopy hollow optical fiber

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