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Pushing the high-k scalability limit with a superparaelectric gate layer

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 539-547页

作者： kun Wang Chao Liu Yuan Zhang Fuyu Lv Jun Ouyang Houbing Huang Rui-Long Yang Yu-Yao Zhao Hongbo Cheng Hanfei Zhu Xiaoming shi Yun Tian Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry Jinan Engineering Laboratory for Multi-scale Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co. Ltd.Jinan 250104China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials&Application for Equipments(Hunan Province) School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science and School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030032China

To meet the expectation set by Moore’s law on transistors,the search for thickness-scalable high dielectric constant(k)gate layers has become an emergent research frontier.Previous investigations have failed to solve the“polarizability–scalability–insulation robustness”trilemma.In this work,we show that this trilemma can be solved by using a gate layer of a high k ferroelectric oxide in its superparaelectric(SPE)state.In the SPE,its polar order becomes local and is dispersed in an amorphous matrix with a crystalline size down to a few nanometers,leading to an excellent dimensional scalability and a good field-stability of the k value.As an example,a stable high k value(37±3)is shown in ultrathin SPE films of(Ba_(0.95),Sr_(0.05))(Zr_(0.2),Ti_(0.8))O_(3)deposited on LaNiO_(3)-buffered Pt/Ti/SiO_(2)/(100)Si down to a 4 nm thickness,leading to a small equivalent oxide thickness of~0.46 nm.The aforementioned characteristic microstructure endows the SPE film a high breakdown strength(~10.5 MV·cm^(−1)for the 4 nm film),and hence ensures a low leakage current for the operation of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)gate.Lastly,a high electrical fatigue resistance is displayed by the SPE films.These results reveal a great potential of superparaelectric materials as gate dielectrics in the next-generation microelectronics.

关键词： high-k transistors Moore's law superparaelectric insulation robustness

Mitochondria-targeted nano-AIEgens as a powerful inducer for evoking immunogenic cell death

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 338-343页

作者： kun-Heng Li Hong-Yang Zhao Dan-Dan Wang Ming-Hui Qi Zi-Jian Xu Jia-Mi Li Zhi-Li Zhang shi-Wen Huang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

AIEgens can serve as an effective platform for the construction of photosensitizer-based immunogenic cell death(ICD)inducers.To date,several mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-targeted aggregationinduced emission(AIE)molecules have been developed and have evoked massive ICD in cells.However,due to the complex physicochemical environment in cells,these small AIE molecules cannot maintain a stable aggregate state,which not only affects the fluorescence intensity of the photosensitizer but also decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and thus reducing the effect of the photosensitizer to elicit ICD.AIEgen-based nanomicelles,which maintain a stable micellar structure,can prevent defects of AIE molecules in photodynamic therapy(PDT)applications.Therefore,in this study,a mitochondria-targeted AIE nanophotosensitizer was synthesized and used as a highly potent ICD inducer for vaccine preparation and tumor prevention.

关键词： Aggregation induced emission Photodynamic therapy Immunogenic cell death Reactive oxygen species Nanophotosensitizer Mitochondria

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in skin wound healing:roles,opportunities and challenges

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 400-429页

作者： Jia-Yi Ding Min-Jiang Chen Ling-Feng Wu Gao-Feng Shu shi-Ji Fang Zhao-Yu Li Xu-Ran Chu Xiao-kun Li Zhou-Guang Wang Jian-Song Ji Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Researchthe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangLishui 323000China Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)School of Pharmaceutical ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035ZhejiangChina Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital School of MedicineLishui UniversityLishui 323000ZhejiangChina Department of Overseas Education College Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina Department of Medicine II Internal MedicineCardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI)Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany Pulmonary and Critical Care Department of Medicine VInternal MedicineInfectious Diseases and Infection ControlUniversities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany

Skin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma,tearing,cuts,or contusions.As such injuries are common to all human groups,they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden.Currently,increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)in skin wound repair.As a cell-free therapy,MSC-derived EVs have shown significant application potential in the field of wound repair as a more stable and safer option than conventional cell therapy.Treatment based on MSC-derived EVs can significantly promote the repair of damaged substructures,including the regeneration of vessels,nerves,and hair follicles.In addition,MSC-derived EVs can inhibit scar formation by affecting angiogenesis-related and antifibrotic pathways in promoting macrophage polarization,wound angiogenesis,cell proliferation,and cell migration,and by inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix production.Additionally,these structures can serve as a scaffold for components used in wound repair,and they can be developed into bioengineered EVs to support trauma repair.Through the formulation of standardized culture,isolation,purification,and drug delivery strategies,exploration of the detailed mechanism of EVs will allow them to be used as clinical treatments for wound repair.In conclusion,MSCderived EV-based therapies have important application prospects in wound repair.Here we provide a comprehensive overview of their current status,application potential,and associated drawbacks.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) Extracellular vesicles(EVs) Wound repair Engineered nanoparticles

A hybrid machine learning optimization algorithm for multivariable pore pressure prediction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 535-550页

作者： Song Deng Hao-Yu Pan Hai-Ge Wang Shou-kun Xu Xiao-Peng Yan Chao-Wei Li Ming-Guo Peng Hao-Ping Peng Lin shi Meng Cui Fei Zhao School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou213164JiangsuChina Tubular Goods Research Institute of CNPC Beijing102249China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206China

Pore pressure is essential data in drilling design,and its accurate prediction is necessary to ensure drilling safety and improve drilling efficiency.Traditional methods for predicting pore pressure are limited when forming particular structures and lithology.In this paper,a machine learning algorithm and effective stress theorem are used to establish the transformation model between rock physical parameters and pore pressure.This study collects data from three wells.Well 1 had 881 data sets for model training,and Wells 2 and 3 had 538 and 464 data sets for model testing.In this paper,support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting(XGB),and multilayer perceptron(MLP)are selected as the machine learning algorithms for pore pressure modeling.In addition,this paper uses the grey wolf optimization(GWO)algorithm,particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm,sparrow search algorithm(SSA),and bat algorithm(BA)to establish a hybrid machine learning optimization algorithm,and proposes an improved grey wolf optimization(IGWO)algorithm.The IGWO-MLP model obtained the minimum root mean square error(RMSE)by using the 5-fold cross-validation method for the training data.For the pore pressure data in Well 2 and Well 3,the coefficients of determination(R^(2))of SVM,RF,XGB,and MLP are 0.9930 and 0.9446,0.9943 and 0.9472,0.9945 and 0.9488,0.9949 and 0.9574.MLP achieves optimal performance on both training and test data,and the MLP model shows a high degree of generalization.It indicates that the IGWO-MLP is an excellent predictor of pore pressure and can be used to predict pore pressure.

关键词： Pore pressure Grey wolf optimization Multilayer perceptron Effective stress Machine learning

Catalytic asymmetric(3 + 3) cycloaddition between different 2-indolylmethanols

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期 2629-2636页

作者： Tianzhen Li Sijia Liu Shufang Wu Qi Cheng qun Chen Yinchun Jiao Yuchen Zhang Feng shi School of Petrochemical Engineering School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University

The catalytic asymmetric(3 + 3) cycloaddition between different 2-indolylmethanols has been established, in which a series of chiral indole-fused six-membered heterocycles were constructed in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. This work not only has established the first catalytic asymmetric cycloaddition between different 2-indolylmethanols but also provided a powerful strategy for constructing enantioenriched indole-fused six-membered rings. Additionally, biological evaluation discovered some products with promising antitumor activities. Notably, theoretical calculations performed on the reaction pathway and activation mode provide an in-depth understanding of this catalytic asymmetric(3 + 3) cycloaddition among different 2-indolylmethanols, which will advance the understanding of the chemistry of indolylmethanols.

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Medical Journals in China: From Wuyi Huijiang to Chinese Medical Journal and hLife

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hLife

hLife 2024年第1期2卷 1-3页

作者： qun Yan Yi shi George Fu Gao Editorial Office of hLife Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

As Professor Jiaxi Lu,the former president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),said,“Academic journals are both the‘tail’and the‘head’of a dragon”[1].Professor Zuoyan Zhu,former editor-in-chief of both Science China and Science Bulletin,also once said,“Let Chinese scientific journals grow along with scientific research in China”[2].Academic journals are important carriers for the exchange and dissemination of innovation and achievement in science and are important gardens for the training of scientific talent;also,they play an important role in carrying out an evaluation of academic work.Medical journals are an important component of the academic journal sphere,not only because they account for onethird of academic journals but also because they are directly related to human health。

关键词： journal Medical editor

Immunoglobulin G-mediated food intolerance and metabolic syndrome influence the occurrence of reflux esophagitis in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 855-862页

作者： Li-Hui Wang Bin-Bin Su Sheng-Shu Wang Guan-Chao Sun kun-Ming Lv Yi Li Hui shi Qian-Qian Chen College Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Gastroenterology Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Institute of Geriatrics The 2nd Medical CenterBeijing Key Laboratory of Aging and GeriatricsNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics DiseasesSecond Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Gastroenterology First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND Reflux esophagitis has an increasing prevalence and complex and diverse symptoms.Identifying its risk factors is crucial to understanding the etiology,prevention,and management of the disease.The occurrence of reflux esophagitis may be associated with food reactions,Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection,and metabolic syndromes.AIM To investigate the risk factors for reflux esophagitis and analyze the effects of immunoglobulin(Ig)G-mediated food intolerance,H.pylori infection,and metabolic syndrome on reflux esophagitis.METHODS Outpatients attending the Second Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital between 2017 and 2021 were retrospectively enrolled.The patients’basic information,test results,gastroscopy results,H.pylori test results,and IgG-mediated food intolerance results were collected.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors for reflux esophagitis.Statistical mediation analysis was used to evaluate the effects of IgG-mediated food intolerance and metabolic syndrome on H.pylori infection affecting reflux esophagitis.RESULTS A total of 7954 outpatients were included;the prevalence of reflux esophagitis,IgG-mediated food intolerance,H.pylori infection,and metabolic syndrome were 20.84%,61.77%,35.91%,and 60.15%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for reflux esophagitis included IgG-mediated food intolerance(OR=1.688,95%CI:1.497-1.903,P<0.00001)and metabolic syndrome(OR=1.165,95%CI:1.030-1.317,P=0.01484),and the independent protective factor for reflux esophagitis was H.pylori infection(OR=0.400,95%CI:0.351-0.456,P<0.00001).IgG-mediated food intolerance had a partially positive mediating effect on H.pylori infection as it was associated with reduced occurrence of reflux esophagitis(P=0.0200).Metabolic syndrome had a partially negative mediating effect on H.pylori infection and reduced the occurrence of reflux esophagitis(P=0.0220).CONCLUSION Patients with IgG-mediated food intolerance and metabolic syndrome were at higher ris

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux Esophagitis Food intolerance Metabolic syndrome Helicobacter pylori Chemokines

Immunomodulatory Function of Pien Tze Huang in T Cell-Mediated Anti-tumor Activity against B16-F10,MC38 and Hep1-6 Tumor Models

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 348-358页

作者： FU Yu-bing LIU Chen-feng WANG Jin-jia JI Xiao-lin TANG Rong-han LIAO kun-yu CHEN Ling-yue HONG Ya-zhen FAN Bin-bin WANG shi-cong LIU Wen-Hsien State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life ScienceXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian Province(361102)China Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development ZhangzhouFujian Province(363000)China

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Pien Tze Huang(PZH)in mouse models of B16–F10 melanoma,MC38 colorectal cancer,Hep1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma and chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma model.Methods Various tumor models,including B16–F10,MC38 and Hep1-6 tumor hypodermic inoculation models,B16–F10 and Hep1-6 pulmonary metastasis models,Hep1-6 orthotopic implantation model,and chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma model,were utilized to evaluate the anti-tumor function of PZH.Tumor growth was assessed by measuring tumor size and weight of solid tumors isolated from C57BL/6 mice.For cell proliferation and death of tumor cells in vitro,as well as T cell activation markers,cytokine production and immune checkpoints analysis,single-cell suspensions were prepared from mouse spleen,lymph nodes,and tumors after PZH treatment.Results PZH demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth(P0.05).Nevertheless,PZH exhibited a remarkable ability to enhance T cell activation and the production of interferon gamma,tumor necrosis factor alpha,and interleukin 2 in CD4^(+)T cells in vitro(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Importantly,PZH substantially inhibited T cell exhaustion and boosted cytokine production by tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion This study has confirmed a novel immunomodulatory function of PZH in T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity,indicating that PZH holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

关键词： Pien Tze Huang metastasis anti-tumor immunity T cell activation T cell exhaustion immune checkpoints Chinese medicine

Significantly enhanced superconductivity in monolayer FeSe films on SrTiO3（001） via metallic δ-doping

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 119-127页

作者： Xiaotong Jiao Wenfeng Dong Mingxia shi Heng Wang Cui Ding Zhongxu Wei Guanming Gong Yanan Li Yuanzhao Li Binjie Zuo Jian Wang Ding Zhang Minghu Pan Lili Wang Qi-kun Xue State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University School of Physics&Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Hefei National Laboratory

Superconductivity transition temperature（Tc） marks the inception of a macroscopic quantum phase-coherent paired state in fermionic systems. For 2D superconductivity, the paired electrons condense into a coherent superfluid state at Tc, which is usually lower than the pairing temperature, between which intrinsic physics including Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition and pseudogap state are hotly debated. In the case of monolayer FeSe superconducting films on SrTiO3（001）, although the pairing temperature（Tp） is revealed to be 65–83 K by using spectroscopy characterization, the measured zero-resistance temperature（Tc0） is limited to 20 K. Here, we report significantly enhanced superconductivity in monolayer FeSe films by δ-doping of Eu or Al on SrTiO3（001） surface, in which Tc0is enhanced by 12 K with a narrowed transition width ΔTc～8 K, compared with non-doped samples. Using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements, we demonstrate lowered work function of the δ-doped SrTiO3（001） surface and enlarged superconducting gaps in the monolayer FeSe with improved morphology/electronic homogeneity. Our work provides a practical route to enhance 2D superconductivity by using interface engineering.

关键词： monolayer FeSe interface superconductivity δ-doping zero-resistance temperature superconductivity transition temperature