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Recent advances of metal vacancies in energy and environmental catalysis:Synthesis,characterization,and roles

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 84-108页

作者： long Sun Shunzheng Zhao Sirui Gao Ronghui Zhu Yiran Tan Xiaolong Tang Honghong Yi School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing100083China

With the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels,energy and environmental issues have become increasingly critical,necessitating the search for effective ***,being one of the hallmarks of modern industry,offers a promising avenue for ***,the question of how to significantly enhance the performance of catalysts has gradually drawn the attention of *** engineering,a commonly employed and effective approach to improve catalyst activity,has become a significant research focus in the catalysis field in recent *** vacancies have received extensive attention due to their simple ***,exploration of metal vacancies has remained stagnant for a considerable period,resulting in a scarcity of comprehensive reviews on this ***,based on the latest research findings,this paper summarizes and consolidates the construction strategies for metal vacancies,characterization techniques,and their roles in typical energy and environmental catalytic ***,it outlines potential challenges in the future,aiming to provide valuable references for researchers interested in investigating metal vacancies.

关键词： Metal vacancies Catalysis Construction strategies Characterization techniques Roles

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Dual-phase interface engineering via parallel modulation strategy for highly reversible Zn metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 163-174页

作者： Zhean Bao Yang Wang kun Zhang Guosheng Duan Leilei Sun Sinan Zheng Bin Luo Zhizhen Ye Jingyun Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Zhejiang University Institute of Wenzhou Zhejiang University Institute of Thermal Science and Power Systems Zhejiang University longmen Laboratory of Luoyang

The reversibility and stability of aqueous Zn metal batteries（AZMBs） are largely limited by Zn dendrites and interfacial parasitic ***,we propose a parallel modulation strategy to boost the reversibility of the Zn anode by introducing N,N,N',N'-tetramethylchloroformamidinium hexafluorophosphate（TCFH） as an additive in the *** is composed of PF6-and TN+with opposite ***6-can spontaneously induce the in-situ generation of ZnF2solid electrolyte interface（SEI） on the anode,which can improve the transport kinetics of Zn2+at the interface,thus promoting the rapid and uniform deposition of Zn as well as inhibiting the growth of *** addition,TN+is enriched at the anode surface during Zn deposition through the anchoring effect,which brings a reconfiguration of the ion/molecule *** anchored-TN+reduces the concentrations of H2O and SO42-,sufficiently restraining the parasitic *** to the dual-phase interface engineering constructed of PF6-and TN+in parallel,the symmetric cell with the proposed electrolyte survives long cycling stability over750 h at 20 mA cm-2,10 mAh *** study offers a distinct viewpoint to the multidimensional optimization of Zn anodes for high-performance AZMBs.

关键词： Anchoring effect Aqueous Zn metal batteries Electrolyte additive Solid electrolyte interface Zn anode

When Software Security Meets Large language Models:A Survey

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 317-334页

作者： Xiaogang Zhu Wei Zhou Qing-long Han Wanlun Ma Sheng Wen Yang Xiang IEEE the School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences the University of Adelaide the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

Software security poses substantial risks to our society because software has become part of our life. Numerous techniques have been proposed to resolve or mitigate the impact of software security issues. Among them, software testing and analysis are two of the critical methods, which significantly benefit from the advancements in deep learning technologies. Due to the successful use of deep learning in software security, recently,researchers have explored the potential of using large language models(LLMs) in this area. In this paper, we systematically review the results focusing on LLMs in software security. We analyze the topics of fuzzing, unit test, program repair, bug reproduction, data-driven bug detection, and bug triage. We deconstruct these techniques into several stages and analyze how LLMs can be used in the stages. We also discuss the future directions of using LLMs in software security, including the future directions for the existing use of LLMs and extensions from conventional deep learning research.

关键词： Large language models (LLMs) software analysis software security software testing

Mechanism analysis of effect of MgO on reduction swelling behaviour of iron pellets in CO/H_(2)atmosphere based on first-principles calculations

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 73-84页

作者： Hong-ming long Jing-shu An Xing-wang Li Ting Wu Sheng-ping He Jie Lei School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan243032AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction and Resource Comprehensive Utilization(Anhui University of Technology) Ministry of EducationMa’anshan243002AnhuiChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

To explain the influence mechanism of MgO on the consolidation and reduction characteristics of roasted iron pellets,the properties and structure of pellets were investigated from *** indicated that the MgO addition decreased the reduction swelling index(RSI)and reduction degree of pellets in both CO and H_(2)*** the stepwise reduction process of Fe2O3→Fe3O4→FeO,the reduction behaviour of pellets in CO and H_(2)was similar,while the reduction rate of pellets in H_(2)atmosphere was almost twice as high as that in CO *** the stepwise reduction process of FeO→Fe,the RSI of pellets showed a logarithmic increase in CO atmosphere and a linear decrease in H_(2)*** investigated by first-principles calculations,C and Fe mainly formed chemical bonds,and the CO reduction process released energy,promoting the formation of iron ***,H and Fe produced weak physical adsorption,and the H_(2)reduction process was endothermic,inhibiting the generation of iron *** Mg2+doping in FexO,the nucleation region of iron whiskers expanded in CO reduction process,and the morphology of iron whiskers transformed from“slender”to“stocky,”reducing RSI of the pellets.

关键词： MgO CO atmosphere H_(2)atmosphere Reduction degree Reduction swelling index First-principles calculation

Metal-organic polyhedra as dynamic cross-linker for recyclable mixed matrix membranes with promising dimension stability

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 705-713页

作者： Linjie lan Mingxin Zhang Haiyan Xiao Wei Liu-Fu Yuyan Lai Jiadong Chen Jia-Fu Yin Panchao Yin State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices&South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)are designed by incorporating microporous inorganic fillers into polymer matrix for the integration of inorganics’excellent gas separation performance with polymers’promising ***,due to the complex interphase interaction,the prevention of long-term aging is still challenging and the poor processability/recyclability of MMMs hinders their extensive ***,a coordination assembly protocol is developed for the fabrication of MMMs with both excellent processability/recyclability upon thermal annealing and promising dimension stability even under high gas *** bearing isophthalic acid(IPA)as side chains are applied to coordinate with Cu^(2+)and the assembled 2.5 nm microporous metal-organic polyhedra(MOP),{Cu_(24)IPA_(24)},serves as multi-functional cross-linkers for the polymer network *** MOPs’well-defined microporosity grants MMMs the capability for O_(2)/N_(2) separation while their activated dynamics at high temperatures(>120℃)endows polymer networks with excellent *** contrast to conventional supramolecular units,the MOPs possess unique logarithmic ligand-exchange kinetics and they show nearly frozen bonding dynamics at room temperature,ensuring promising dimensional stability to overcome the long-term aging and high gas pressure *** work not only provides fundamental understanding of the unique relaxation dynamics of complex systems with intertwined dynamics of supramolecular bonds and polymer chains,but also paves new avenues for the fabrication of robust and recyclable MMMs and elastomers.

关键词： dynamic bonding metal-organic polyhedra mixed matrix membrane polymer recycling gas separation

Influence of Al,Cu and Mn additions on diffusion behaviors in CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第1期35卷 184-193页

作者： Juan CHEN Zhen-zhong ZHANG Jin-kun XIAO Li-jun ZHANG Testing Center Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The interdiffusion coefficients in Al_(0.2)CoCrFeNi,CoCrCu_(0.2)FeNi,and CoCrFeMn_(0.2)Ni high-entropy alloys were efficiently determined by combining diffusion couple experiments and high-throughput determination of interdiffusion coefficients(HitDIC)software at 1273−1373 *** results show that the addition of Al,Cu,and Mn to CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys promotes the diffusion of Co,Cr,and Fe *** comparison of tracer diffusion coefficients indicates that there is no sluggish diffusion in tracer diffusion on the thermodynamic temperature scale for the present Al_(0.2)CoCrFeNi,CoCrCu_(0.2)FeNi,and CoCrFeMn_(0.2)Ni high-entropy *** linear relationship between diffusion entropy and activation energy reveals that the diffusion process of atoms is unaffected by an increase in the number of components as long as the crystal structure remains unchanged.

关键词： Co−Cr−Fe−Ni high-entropy alloy diffusion interdiffusivity diffusion couple

Simultaneous immobilization of multiple heavy metal(loid)s in contaminated water and alkaline soil inoculated Fe/Mn oxidizing bacterium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 370-381页

作者： Yi Wu Shengli Wang Jun Xu Fei Zang Song long Yining Wu Yuqing Wang Zhongren Nan Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Two strains of Fe/Mn oxidizing bacteria tolerant to high concentrations of multiple heavy metal(loid)s and efficient decontamination for them were *** surface of the bio-Fe/Mn oxides produced by the oxidation of Fe(II)and Mn(II)by Pseudomonas taiwanensis(marked as P4)and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida(marked as G1)contains rich reactive oxygen functional groups,which play critical roles in the removal efficiency and immobilization of heavymetal(loid)s in co-contamination *** isolated strains P4 and G1 can growwell in the following environments:pH 5-9,NaCl 0-4%,and temperature 20-30℃.The removal efficiencies of Fe,Pb,As,Zn,Cd,Cu,and Mn are effective after inoculation of the strains P4 and G1 in the simulated water system(the initial concentrations of heavy metal(loid)were 1 mg/L),approximately reaching 96%,92%,85%,67%,70%,54%and 15%,*** exchangeable and carbonate bound As,Cd,Pb and Cu are more inclined to convert to the Fe-Mn oxide bound fractions in P4 and G1 treated soil,thereby reducing the phytoavailability and bioaccessible of heavy metal(loid)*** research provides alternatives method to treat water and soil containing high concentrations of multi-heavy metal(loid)s.

关键词： Bio-Fe/Mn oxides Pseudomonas Heavy metal(loid)s Removal and immobilization

Research on the balance optimization algorithm of image recognition accuracy and speed based on autocollimator measurement

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 121-128页

作者： LI Renpu MA long CUI Jiwen GUO Junqi Andrei KULIKOV WEN Dandan Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Microsystem Chongqing University of Post and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Higher School of Engineering and Technology ITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg 197101Russia

The autocollimator is an important device for achieving precise,small-angle,non-contact *** primarily obtains angular parameters of a plane target mirror indirectly by detecting the position of the imaging *** is limited report on the core algorithmic techniques in current commercial products and recent scientific *** paper addresses the performance requirements of coordinate reading accuracy and operational speed in autocollimator image *** proposes a cross-image center recognition scheme based on the Hough transform and another based on Zernike moments and the least squares *** experimental evaluation of the accuracy and speed of both schemes,the optimal image recognition scheme balancing measurement accuracy and speed for the autocollimator is *** these,the center recognition method based on Zernike moments and the least squares method offers higher measurement accuracy and stability,while the Hough transform-based method provides faster measurement speed.

关键词： image optimization recognition

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Machine learning-assisted fluorescence visualization for sequential quantitative detection of aluminum and fluoride ions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 68-78页

作者： Qiang Zhang Xin Li long Yu Lingxiao Wang Zhiqing Wen Pengchen Su Zhenli Sun Suhua Wang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The presence of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in the environment can be harmful to ecosystems and human health,highlighting the need for accurate and efficient *** this paper,an innovative approach is presented that leverages the power of machine learning to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of fluorescence-based detection for sequential quantitative analysis of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in aqueous *** proposed method involves the synthesis of sulfur-functionalized carbon dots(C-dots)as fluorescence probes,with fluorescence enhancement upon interaction with Al^(3+)ions,achieving a detection limit of 4.2 nmol/***,in the presence of F^(−)ions,fluorescence is quenched,with a detection limit of 47.6 nmol/*** fingerprints of fluorescence images are extracted using a cross-platform computer vision library in Python,followed by data ***,the fingerprint data is subjected to cluster analysis using the K-means model from machine learning,and the average Silhouette Coefficient indicates excellent model ***,a regression analysis based on the principal component analysis method is employed to achieve more precise quantitative analysis of aluminum and fluoride *** results demonstrate that the developed model excels in terms of accuracy and *** groundbreaking model not only showcases exceptional performance but also addresses the urgent need for effective environmental monitoring and risk assessment,making it a valuable tool for safeguarding our ecosystems and public health.

关键词： Machine learning Aluminum ion detection Fluorine ion detection Fluorescence probe K-means model