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Spatiotemporal dynamics of city-level WEEE generation from different sources in China

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第2期11卷 181-193页

作者： Wanjun WANG Yupeng LIU kuishuang feng Wei-Qiang CHEN Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development&Collaborative Innovation Center of Yellow River Civilization Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkUSA

China stands as one of the leading producers of waste electrical and electronic equipment(WEEE),facing significant challenges in managing the substantial volumes *** existing regulations,the informal treatment of WEEE persists in some areas due to inadequate recycling networks at the city ***,there is a critical need for a detailed geographical mapping of WEEE generation to address improper disposal practices *** study introduces the cMAC–EEEs(city Material Cycles and Manufactured Capital–EEEs)database,providing estimates of WEEE generation across approximately 300 prefecture-level cities from 1978 to *** focuses on five commonly used types of electrical and electronic equipment(refrigerators,air conditioners,washing machines,computers,TVs)originating from three key sources(urban residents,rural residents,enterprises).The findings reveal(1)significant spatial variation in WEEE generation within China,with eastern and central city clusters identified as hotspots,particularly for urban residents and enterprises,while the western region exhibits the highest growth rate in WEEE generation,notably among rural residents.(2)The growth in obsolete computers and air conditioners is prominent,especially in rural areas and among enterprises,whereas the generation of obsolete TVs,washing machines,and refrigerators is leveling off and expected to decrease in some urban areas.(3)Enterprises account for a substantial portion of WEEE generation,though uncertainties exist,necessitating further *** study highlights that less developed regions lack adequate recycling facilities,with specific limitations in refrigerators and air conditioners recycling *** enhance WEEE management,it advocates for increased interregional collaboration and capacity building in less developed ***,the regulation of WEEE from private enterprises requires *** the product level,a greater focus on recycling practices

关键词： WEEE obsolete electrical and electronic equipment urban mining waste management industrial ecology

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Water consumption and biodiversity:Responses to global emergency events

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2632-2646页

作者： Dandan Zhao Junguo Liu Laixiang Sun Klaus Hubacek Stephan Pfister kuishuang feng Heran Zheng Xu Peng Daoping Wang Hong Yang Lei Shen Fei Lun Xu Zhao Bin Chen Marko Keskinen Shaohui Zhang Jialiang Cai Olli Varis Water&Development Research Group Department of Built EnvironmentAalto UniversityEspoo 15200Finland School of Water Conservancy North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450046China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park 20742USA School of Finance and Management SOASUniversity of LondonLondon WC1H0XGUK Integrated Research on Energy Environment and SocietyEnergy and Sustainability Research Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningen 9747AGthe Netherlands ETH Zurich Institute of Environmental EngineeringZurich 8093Switzerland The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E6BTUK School of Business Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Computer Science and Technology University of CambridgeCambridge CB21TNUK w2e Environmental Consulting GmbH Duebendorf 8600Switzerland Key Laboratory for Resource Use and Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Blue and Green Development Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Fudan Tyndall Center Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg A-2361Austria

Given that it was a once-in-a-century emergency event,the confinement measures related to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused diverse disruptions and changes in life and work *** changes significantly affected water consumption both during and after the pandemic,with direct and indirect consequences on ***,there has been a lack of holistic evaluation of these ***,we propose a novel framework to study the impacts of this unique global emergency event by embedding an environmentally extended supply-constrained global multi-regional input-output model(MRIO)into the drivers-pressure-state-impact-response(DPSIR)*** framework allowed us to develop scenarios related to COVID-19 confinement measures to quantify country-sector-specific changes in freshwater consumption and the associated changes in biodiversity for the period of *** results suggest progressively diminishing impacts due to the implementation of COVID-19 vaccines and the socio-economic system’s self-adjustment to the new *** 2020,the confinement measures were estimated to decrease global water consumption by about 5.7% on average across all scenarios when compared with the baseline level with no confinement ***,such a decrease is estimated to lead to a reduction of around 5% in the related pressure on *** the interdependencies and interactions across global supply chains,even those countries and sectors that were not directly affected by the COVID-19 shocks experienced significant impacts:Our results indicate that the supply chain propagations contributed to 79% of the total estimated decrease in water consumption and 84%of the reduction in biodiversity loss on *** study demonstrates that the MRIO-enhanced DSPIR framework can help quantify resource pressures and the resultant environmental impacts across supply chains when facing a global emergency ***,we recommend the development o

关键词： Global emergency events Water-biodiversity causal effect COVID-19 Biodiversity MRIO-enhanced DPSIR framework Supply-chain network High-resolution water consumption dataset Supply-constrained multi-regional input-output(mixed MRIO)model

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国际贸易对环境脆弱性的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 426-430页

作者：王少剑梁筠怡陈湘杰方创琳刘康遥王婕妤冯奎双刘竹 Klaus Hubacek 刘小平 School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742USA Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Integrated Research on Energy Environment and Society(IREES)Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen(ESRIG)University of GroningenGroningenAG 9747the Netherlands

Owing to the harsh natural environment and unsustainable production system,environmental vulnerability differs substantially among and within regions^([1]).Over the past 20 years,the most environmentally vulnerable countries lost over half of their economic growth potential^([2]).International trade is a double-edged sword for environmental *** the one hand,production occurs beyond countries’borders while associated environmental impacts are displaced away from the location of consumption.

关键词：环境脆弱性国际贸易 border

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Environmental taxation and regional inequality in China

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Science Bulletin 2019年第22期64卷 1691-1699页

作者： Jingxu Wang Jintai Lin kuishuang feng Peng Liu Mingxi Du Ruijing Ni Lulu Chen Hao Kong Hongjian Weng Mengyao Liu Giovanni Baiocchi Yu Zhao Zhifu Mi Jing Cao Klaus Hubacek Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of Physics.Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of the Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210046China The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUK School of Economics and Management Hang Lung Center for Real EstateTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences(IVEM) Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen(ESRIG)University of GroningenGroningen 9747 AGthe Netherlands International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1A-2361 LaxenburgAustria Department of Environmental Studies Masaryk UniversityJoStova 1060200 BrnoCzech Republic

In order to combat environmental pollution, China enacted the Environmental Protection Tax Law in early 2018. Yet the impacts of the environmental tax on individual regions with different socioeconomic statuses, which are crucial for social justice and public acceptance, remain unclear. Based on a MultiRegional Input-Output(MRIO) table and a nationally regulated tax payment calculation method, this study analyzes the distributional impacts of an environmental tax based upon province’s consumption from both inter-provincial and rural-urban aspects. The national tax revenue based on the current levy mechanism is estimated to be only one seventh of the economic loss from premature mortality caused by ambient particulate matter(PM2.5). The taxation may slightly alleviate urban-rural inequality but may not be helpful with reducing inter-provincial inequality. We further analyze two alternative levy mechanisms. If each province imposes taxes to products it consumes(rather than produces, as in the current mechanism), with the tax rate linearly dependent on its per capita consumption expenditure, this would moderately increase the national tax revenue and significantly reduce inter-provincial *** better compensate for the economic costs of air pollution and reduce regional inequality, it would be beneficial to increase the tax rate nationwide and implement a levy mechanism based on provincially differentiated levels of consumption and economic status.

关键词： Environmental taxation Inequality China Input-output analysis Levy mechanisms Air pollution

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Modeling sustainability:population,inequality,consumption,and bidirectional coupling of the Earth and Human Systems

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National Science Review 2016年第4期3卷 470-494页

作者： Safa Motesharrei Jorge Rivas Eugenia Kalnay Ghassem R.Asrar Antonio J.Busalacchi Robert F.Cahalan Mark A.Cane Rita R.Colwell kuishuang feng Rachel S.Franklin Klaus Hubacek Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm Takemasa Miyoshi Matthias Ruth Roald Sagdeev Adel Shirmohammadi Jagadish Shukla Jelena Srebric Victor M.Yakovenko Ning Zeng University of Maryland College Park Institute for Global Environment and Society 3. Joint Global Change Research Institute College Park 4. University Corporation for Atmospheric Research 5. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University 8. Spatial Structures in the Social Sciences/Population Studies and Training Center Brown University RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs and Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNortheastern University 11. Department of AtmosphericOceanicand Earth SciencesGeorge Mason University

Over the last two centuries,the impact of the Human System has grown dramatically,becoming strongly dominant within the Earth System in many diferent ***,inequality,and population have increased extremely fast,especially since about 1950,threatening to overwhelm the many critical functions and ecosystems of the Earth *** in the Earth System,in turn,have important feedback efects on the Human System,with costly and potentially serious ***,current models do not incorporate these critical *** argue that in order to understand the dynamics of either system,Earth System Models must be coupled with Human System Models through bidirectional couplings representing the positive,negative,and delayed feedbacks that exist in the real *** particular,key Human System variables,such as demographics,inequality,economic growth,and migration,are not coupled with the Earth System but are instead driven by exogenous estimates,such as United Nations population *** makes current models likely to miss important feedbacks in the real Earth–Human system,especially those that may result in unexpected or counterintuitive outcomes,and thus requiring diferent policy interventions from current *** importance and imminence of sustainability challenges,the dominant role of the Human System in the Earth System,and the essential roles the Earth System plays for the Human System,all call for collaboration of natural scientists,social scientists,and engineers in multidisciplinary research and modeling to develop coupled Earth–Human system models for devising efective science-based policies and measures to beneit current and future generations.

关键词： Earth and Human System Models population migration inequality data assimilation bidirectional couplings and feedbacks sustainability

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基于能源碳排放预测的中国东部地区达峰策略制定

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环境科学学报 2021年第3期41卷 1142-1152页

作者：潘栋李楠李锋冯奎双彭璐璐王震北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院北京100083 清华大学建筑学院北京100084 山东大学威海校区蓝绿发展研究院威海264209

中国东部的11个省市是中国经济最发达的地区,其碳排放量约占全国碳排放量的1/2.随着气候变化的加剧和国际社会的关注,中国政府制定了区域差异化的达峰目标,因此,预测该地区碳排放对于评估中国能否实现达峰目标具有重要意义.本文基于中... 详细信息

中国东部的11个省市是中国经济最发达的地区,其碳排放量约占全国碳排放量的1/2.随着气候变化的加剧和国际社会的关注,中国政府制定了区域差异化的达峰目标,因此,预测该地区碳排放对于评估中国能否实现达峰目标具有重要意义.本文基于中国东部11省市1997—2017年的面板数据,采用STIRPAT模型来预测不同情景下的碳排放趋势,并据此分析东部地区整体碳排放达峰的可能性.结果发现,有7个省市碳排放可能在2030年之前达峰,其中,北京、上海将最早出现碳排放峰值,达峰时间可能为2022年;然而,另外4个省市碳排放较难在2030年之前达峰.从东部地区整体来看,该地区碳排放达峰时间在2028—2033年,峰值为5018.03×10^(6)~5497.20×10^(6) t.因此,东部地区整体碳排放可以在2030年左右达峰,为较好地实现中国整体碳排放达峰目标奠定了基础;此外,考虑到东部各省市的碳排放达峰情况存在差异,应根据各省市的实际情况制定差异化的达峰目标.

关键词：中国东部地区 STIRPAT模型情景分析碳排放峰值预测

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国际贸易中碳排放与增加值的虚拟转移及其不公平性研究

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世界地理研究 2023年第8期32卷 16-24,138页

作者：邢贞成王济干冯奎双张婕王海鲲南京大学大气科学学院南京210023 关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心南京210023 河海大学商学院南京211100 马里兰大学地理科学系科利奇帕克20742 山东大学蓝绿发展研究院威海264209

全球价值链分工差异导致不同国家在国际贸易中获得经济收益与其承担的环境成本存在不对等现象,造成国际贸易碳不公平性问题。利用多区域投入产出模型追踪国际贸易引致的碳排放和增加值转移,并基于二者的净转移关系,应用距离评价方法构... 详细信息

全球价值链分工差异导致不同国家在国际贸易中获得经济收益与其承担的环境成本存在不对等现象,造成国际贸易碳不公平性问题。利用多区域投入产出模型追踪国际贸易引致的碳排放和增加值转移,并基于二者的净转移关系,应用距离评价方法构建区域间碳转移不公平性指数,分析全球贸易碳不公平性的静态分布特征和动态演化趋势。研究发现:全球25%左右的碳排放发生在国际贸易品的生产中,且倾向于从发达国家向发展中国家转移。德国、英国、法国和意大利等欧洲发达国家通过消费其他国家的产品将43%~59%的碳排放转移出去,而将超过80%的贸易增加值留在本国,实现了经济和环境的双赢;而中国等发展中国家由于产业结构劣势,净转入的增加值相对于净转入的碳排放来说要小得多,遭受来自发达国家的碳转移不公平性。发达国家与发展中国家之间的碳转移不公平性程度较大,而发达国家之间的不公平程度较小。不过,随着经济全球化发展,全球贸易碳不公平问题在研究期间有所改善。

关键词：国际贸易多区域投入产出碳转移距离评价不公平性

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高排放城市在中国公平低碳转型中的杠杆效应

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Science Bulletin 2023年第20期68卷 2456-2466,M0006页

作者：郑赫然张增恺 Erik Dietzenbacher 周雅 Johannes Tobben 冯奎双 Daniel Moran 蒋萌单钰理王道平刘晓宇李莉赵丹丹孟靖区家敏关大博 The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1H 0QBUK State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Faculty of Economics and Business University of GroningenGroningen 9747 AGNetherlands Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development Ministry of EducationSchool of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Gesellschaft für Wirtschaftliche Strukturforschung mbH Osnabrck 49080Germany Social Metabolism and Impacts Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchMember of the Leibniz AssociationPotsdam 14412Germany Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742USA The Climate and Environmental Research Institute NILU Lillestrøm 2007Norway Industrial Ecology Programme Department of Energy and Process TechnologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7010Norway School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Geography King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK Department of Computer Science and Technology University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FDUK Research and Promotion Center for Green and Low-carbon Development Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100029China School of Economics and Management China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Built Environment Aalto UniversityEspoo 02150Finland Department of Sociology Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CSNetherlands Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

中国城市在全球碳减排中扮演着核心角色,然而中国城市间巨大的经济发展差异深刻影响了中国城市减排的进程.城际供应链连接了城市的生产和消费,被认为是塑造地区分化和减排疲软的因素之一,但该效应在先前的研究中往往没有得到充分的考虑... 详细信息

中国城市在全球碳减排中扮演着核心角色,然而中国城市间巨大的经济发展差异深刻影响了中国城市减排的进程.城际供应链连接了城市的生产和消费,被认为是塑造地区分化和减排疲软的因素之一,但该效应在先前的研究中往往没有得到充分的考虑.本文对2012年中国309个城市的供应链进行建模.利用该模型,我们揭示了城市间存在显著的碳不平等:中国最富裕的10个城市的人均碳足迹相当于美国的水平,而中国一半的城市则低于全球平均水平.然而,这种显著的碳不平等也蕴含着新的减排机遇,即对32个超高排放城市,根据其富裕程度、产业结构和供应链的位置采取不同的减排策略,将可创造高达1.4亿吨的碳配额,距离碳达峰值增加了30%的空间.额外的碳配额足够使经济发展欠发达人口的平均生活水平达到中上收入水平,突出了城市层面的合作机制具有促进公平和减排目标收敛的巨大潜力.

关键词：经济发展差异供应链产业结构收入水平碳配额杠杆效应减排策略碳减排

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140t/h干熄焦扩容与性能改善的研究

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燃料与化工 2018年第6期49卷 26-27页

作者：蔡生会李峰张奎爽张春才中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司大连116085 临涣焦化股份有限公司淮北235000

介绍了140t/h干熄焦处理量扩容及性能改善的方法。扩容改造后,干熄焦最大处理能力可达到150t/h;干熄炉斜道数量增加后,斜道区使用寿命延长;干熄焦炉顶水封槽、装入装置及冷却套管等升级换代后,使用性能提高。

关键词：干熄焦扩容改造性能改善

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