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Security in edge-assisted Internet of Things:challenges and solutions

Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 27-40页

作者： Shuaiqi SHEN kuan zhang Yi ZHOU Song CI Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University

The flourish of 5th generation wireless systems(5G) network has brought numerous benefits to the Internet of Things(IoT) with universal connectivity, improved data rate, and decreased latency. The development of IoT extends the computation-intensive applications from centralized servers to the edge of the network, promoting the paradigm of edge computing. Edge computing brings great assistance to IoT architecture by efficiently accomplishing tasks with lower latency, less energy consumption and reduced network bandwidth. Edge-assisted IoT emerges to provide location-aware services and offload computational tasks to edge nodes near the IoT devices. However, a series of security challenges still exist in edge-assisted IoT owing to the inherent vulnerabilities of edge nodes and sensitive nature of the collected data. Among the emerging and existing security schemes in IoT applications, security and energy consumption are two overriding yet conflicting requirements. The tradeoff between security and energy is critical to the sustainability of the IoT ecosystem but still lacks sufficient discussion. In this article, we investigate the security challenges in edge-assisted IoT and how the constraints in energy consumption can affect the design of security ***, we firstly present the architecture of edge-assisted IoT and its unique characteristics. Secondly,we identify the security threats in the edge-assisted IoT applications and the security-energy tradeoff during implementation. Thirdly, in a case study of distributed denial of service(DDoS) and malware injection attack, we propose a preliminary solution to address the conflict between security and energy ***, we discuss some open issues and identify future research directions for security and energy efficiency in edge-assisted IoT.

关键词： Internet of Things edge computing network security machine learning data analytics

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Data complexity-based batch sanitization method against poison in distributed learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 416-428页

作者： Silv Wang Kai Fan kuan zhang Hui Li Yintang Yang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68588USA Key Lab.of the Minist.of Educ.for Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices Xidian UniversityXi'an710071China

The security of Federated Learning(FL)/Distributed Machine Learning(DML)is gravely threatened by data poisoning attacks,which destroy the usability of the model by contaminating training samples,so such attacks are called causative availability indiscriminate *** the problem that existing data sanitization methods are hard to apply to real-time applications due to their tedious process and heavy computations,we propose a new supervised batch detection method for poison,which can fleetly sanitize the training dataset before the local model *** design a training dataset generation method that helps to enhance accuracy and uses data complexity features to train a detection model,which will be used in an efficient batch hierarchical detection *** model stockpiles knowledge about poison,which can be expanded by retraining to adapt to new *** neither attack-specific nor scenario-specific,our method is applicable to FL/DML or other online or offline scenarios.

关键词： Distributed machine learning security Federated learning Data poisoning attacks Data sanitization Batch detection Data complexity

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Response of nearshore circulation outside Yangtze Estuary to El Nino events

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Water Science and Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 145-154页

作者： Wen-yan zhang Zheng Gong Chang-kuan zhang Wei Tan State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co. Ltd. Shanghai 210030 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

With consideration of the comprehensive effects of runoff from the Yangtze River, East China Sea background circulation, and tidal currents,a regional circulation model, including the Yangtze Estuary, Hangzhou Bay, and adjacent sea areas was established. The 2002/2003 El Ni^no event was chosen for study of the anomalies of circulation outside the Yangtze Estuary. The coastal and ocean current systems of the East China Sea and the current structure outside the Yangtze Estuary were accurately described. The results of vertical circulation analysis basically coincide with those of horizontal circulation analysis, showing that the circulation outside the Yangtze Estuary is mainly affected by the Taiwan warm current, runoff from the Yangtze Estuary, and the tide-induced residual current. The El Ni^no event weakens Yangtze Estuary circulation to a certain degree, and the impacts are more significant in summer than in winter. During the 2002/2003 El Ni^no event, the flux of the Taiwan warm current decreases, and the northward component of the Taiwan warm current decreases by half in February 2003 compared to the previous year. However, its path is relatively stable.

关键词： El Nino Princeton ocean model Yangtze Estuary Circulation Taiwan warm current

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Research of network technology for Intelligent Circuit Breaker Controller

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第3期8卷 464-468页

作者： LIU Jiao-min FAN Tong-rang TONG kuan-zhang Electrical Apparatus Research Institute Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China Department of Information Engineering Shijiazhuang Railway Institute Sho＇iazhuang 050043 China

With the current development trend of Ethernet gradually towards the control network of plant-floor layer and devices layer, much management information on Intelligent Circuit Breaker Controller (ICBC) is becoming distributed and networked. This paper describes a mixing structure of complex industrial field control network based on Ethernet frame, then mainly discusses three network management methods of ICBC, such as the interconnection method based on PCI, embedded gateway and em- bedded Web server. At the same time, it also gives the basic hardware framework of implementing interconnection, the type of main components, and the real-time operation system supporting the embedded TCP/IP protocols and Web server.

关键词： CAN bus Control network Ethernet TCP/IE Embedded Web

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Operational effects of the UNOT gate on classical and quantum correlations

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Science Bulletin 2018年第12期63卷 765-770页

作者： kuan zhang Jiajun Ma Xiang zhang Jayne Thompson Vlatko Vedral Kihwan Kim Mile Gu Center for Quantum Information Institute for Interdisciplinary Informotion SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Atomic and Laser Physics.Clarendon Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX1 3PUUK Department of Physics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Department of Physics Notional University of SingaporeSingapore 117551Singapore School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Complexity Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637335Singapore

The NOT gate that flips a classical bit is ubiquitous in classical information *** its quantum analogue,the universal NOT(UNOT) gate that flips a quantum spin in any alignment into its antipodal counterpart is strictly *** we explore the connection between this discrepancy and how UNOT gates affect classical and quantum *** show that while a UNOT gate always preserves classical correlations between two spins,it can non-locally increase or decrease their shared discord in ways that allow violation of the data processing *** experimentally illustrate this using a multi-level trapped ^(171)Yb^+ ion that allows simulation of anti-unitary operations.

关键词： Quantum information Universal NOT gate Quantum correlations Quantum discord Data processing inequality Embedding quantum simulation Ion trap

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Effect of Martensite Fine Structure on Mechanical Properties of an 1100 MPa Grade Ultra-high Strength Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2015年第7期22卷 645-651页

作者： Fan ZHEN kuan zhang Zhi-long GUO Jin-bo QU Institute of Research of Iron and Steel(IRIS) Sha-steel Heavy Plate Plant Sha-steel

An 1100 MPa grade ultra-high strength steel with different martensite fine structures, characterized by prior austenite grain size, martensite packet size, block width and lath width, was studied by various heat treatment processes. The result shows that with decreasing prior austenite grain size, both the packet size and block width decrease, while the lath width has virtually no change. Accordingly, both strength and toughness increase, while total elongation decreases. The yield strength has a Hall Petch type relationship with the prior austenite grain size, packet size and block width, and the block width may be regarded as a key factor influencing strength. On the other hand, the ductile to brittle transition temperature （DBTT） is found to be more related lo the packet size, which may be considered as a dominant factor influencing toughness.

关键词： martensite fine structure ultra-high strength steel austenitization time packet size block width

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Microstructure evolution and thixoforming behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy in the semi-solid state prepared by RAP method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第12期23卷 1404-1415页

作者： Jin-long Fu Kai-kun Wang Xiao-wei Li Hai-kuan zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Tianjin Zhonglian Precision Casting Co. Ltd.

The effects of isothermal treatments on the microstructural evolution and coarsening rate of semi-solid 7075 aluminum alloy produced via the recrystallization and partial remelting （RAP） process were investigated. Samples of 7075 aluminum alloy were subjected to cold extrusion, and semi-solid treatment was carried out for 5-30 min at temperatures ranging from 580 to 605℃. A backward-extrusion experiment was conducted to investigate liquid segregation during the thixoforming process. The results revealed that obvious grain coarsening and spheroidization occurred during prolonged isothermal treatments. In addition, higher soaking temperatures promoted the spheroidization and coarsening process because of the increased liquid fraction and the melting of second phases. Segregation of the liquid phase caused by the difference in fluidity between the liquid and the solid phases was observed in different regions of the thixoformed specimens.

关键词： aluminum alloys microstructural evolution thixoforming grain coarsening segregation

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Cascade Human Activity Recognition Based on Simple Computations Incorporating Appropriate Prior Knowledge

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 79-96页

作者： Jianguo Wang kuan zhang Yuesheng Zhao Xiaoling Wang Muhammad Shamrooz Aslam School of Biomedical Engineering Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100054China School of Automation Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou545006China

The purpose of Human Activities Recognition(HAR)is to recognize human activities with sensors like accelerometers and *** normal research strategy is to obtain better HAR results by finding more efficient eigenvalues and classification *** this paper,we experimentally validate the HAR process and its various algorithms *** the base of which,it is further proposed that,in addition to the necessary eigenvalues and intelligent algorithms,correct prior knowledge is even more *** prior knowledge mentioned here mainly refers to the physical understanding of the analyzed object,the sampling process,the sampling data,the HAR algorithm,***,a solution is presented under the guidance of right prior knowledge,using Back-Propagation neural networks(BP networks)and simple Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN).The results show that HAR can be achieved with 90%–100%*** analysis shows that intelligent algorithms for pattern recognition and classification problems,typically represented by HAR,require correct prior knowledge to work effectively.

关键词： Human activities recognition prior knowledge physical understanding sensors HAR algorithms

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Modeling and Utilization of Biomass-to-syngas for Industrial Multi-energy Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第5期7卷 932-942页

作者： kuan zhang Bin Zhou Qiuwei Wu Yijia Cao Nian Liu Nikolai Voropai Evgeny Barakhtenko College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Center for Electric Power and Energy.Department of Electrical Engineering.Technical University of Denmark.Kgs.Lynghy 28(M)Denmark. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China. Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences IrkutskRussia.

Excessive consumption of fossil fuels in the industry sector has caused hij»h operating costs and severe environmental pollution,advocating a cost-effective and sustainable substitute for fossil fuels.I'his paper proposes an enhanced utilization mechanism of biomass-to-syngas(B2S)to provide various types of steam flows in industrial multi-energy systems(MESs).In this mechanism,the available generations from renewable energy sources(RESs)can be harvested to assist in the biomass gasification in a B2S gasifier for enhancing the syngas yield and its calorific value.A thermodynamic interaction model for B2S is formulated to capture gasification temperature dynamics under high-temperature steam injections and optimally control the thermochemical behaviors of biomass drying,pyrolysis,and gasification.A B2S based energy hub framework with its multienergy coupling matrix is formulated for mapping the input hiomass-wind-solar energy into electricity,syngas,and various types of’steam carriers to satisfy industrial energy cieniands.A hierarchical multi-timeframe dispatch scheme is developed for the energy-efficient conversion and utilization of multi-energy carriers to minimize the system operation *** studies are implemented to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed methodology on system operational economy and sustainability.

关键词： Biomass energy microgrid multi-energy systems renewable energy sources syngas

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High-efficiency inspecting method for mobile robots based on task planning for heat transfer tubes in a steam generator

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第2期18卷 161-175页

作者： Biying XU Xuehe zhang Yue OU kuan zhang Zhenming XING Hegao CAI Jie ZHAO Jizhuang FAN State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Many heat transfer tubes are distributed on the tube plates of a steam generator that requires periodic inspection by *** inspection robots are usually involved in issues:Robots with manipulators need complicated installation due to their fixed base;tube mobile robots suffer from low running efficiency because of their structural *** there are thousands of tubes to be checked,task planning is essential to guarantee the precise,orderly,and efficient inspection *** in-service robots check the task tubes using row-by-row and column-bycolumn *** leads to unnecessary inspections,resulting in a long shutdown and affecting the regular operation of a nuclear power ***,this paper introduces the structure and control system of a dexterous robot and proposes a task planning *** method proceeds into three steps:task allocation,base position search,and sequence *** allocate the task regions,this method calculates the tool work matrix and proposes a criterion to evaluate a *** then all tasks contained in the sub-region are considered globally to search the base ***,we apply an improved ant colony algorithm for base sequence planning and determine the inspection orders according to the planned *** validated the optimized algorithm by conducting task planning experiments using our robot on a tube *** results show that the proposed method can accomplish full task coverage with few repetitive or redundant inspections and it increases the efficiency by 33.31% compared to the traditional planning algorithms.

关键词： steam generator transfer tubes mobile robot dexterous structure task planning efficient inspection

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