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The effect of secondary phase on corrosion behaviors of the titanium–zirconium–molybdenum alloy

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 342-354页

作者： Song-Wei Ge Ping Hu Jie Deng Shi-Lei Li Hai-Rui Xing Jia-Yu Han Xing-Jiang Hua Li wang Jun-Zhou Yang Bo Jin Wen Zhang kuai-she wang School of Metallurgy Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Western Xinxing Rare and Precious Metals Co. Ltd.Shangluo 726000China Northwest Institute for Non-Ferrous Metal Research Xi’an 710016China

As the range of applications for molybdenum and its alloys has expanded,the corrosive environment for molybdenum alloys has become more demanding.In the past,the content of doping elements has been studied to investigate their infl uence on the corrosion performance of titanium–zirconium–molybdenum(TZM)alloys.In this paper,it is considered that the second phase in the alloy is the main factor aff ecting the corrosion performance of TZM alloys.By comparing the corrosion behavior of molybdenum metal and TZM alloy,the eff ect of the secondary phase on corrosion behaviors of TZM alloy has been investigated.The results show that the second phase reduces the corrosion resistance of the TZM alloy.The potential of the second phase is 73.7 mV higher than that of the Mo matrix,which contributes to the formation of microscopic electric couples.Under the action of microscopic electric couples,pitting corrosion is preferentially formed at the interface between the second phase and the matrix,which accelerates the corrosion of the matrix.This paper provides a theoretical basis for the application of TZM alloys in corrosive environments.

关键词： Secondary phase Electrochemical corrosion Titanium–zirconium–molybdenum(TZM) Galvanic corrosion Corrosion resistance

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,and Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Al-Ca Alloy Prepared by Friction Stir Processing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第5期35卷 703-713页

作者： Wen wang Shan-Yong Chen Ke Qiao Pai Peng Peng Han Bing Wu Chen-Xi wang Jia wang Yu-Hao wang kuai-she wang School of Metallurgical Engineering National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials ProcessingXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China

Friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy.The results demonstrated that,after FSP,the grain size of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy was decreased from 13.3 to 6.7μm.Meanwhile,the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase was broken and dispersed,and its amount was increased.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy were increased by 17.0%and 10.1%,respectively,due to the combination of fine grain,second phase,and orientation strengthening,while the elongation was slightly decreased.The immersion and electrochemical corrosion rates in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution decreased by 18.4%and 37.5%,respectively,which contributed to grain refinement.However,the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance of the modified Mg-Al-Ca alloy decreased significantly,which was mainly due to the filiform corrosion induced by the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase.SCC was mainly controlled by anodic dissolution,while the cathodic hydrogen evolution accelerated the SCC process.

关键词： Friction stir processing Mg-Al-Ca alloy Second phase Mechanical properties Stress corrosion cracking

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welded Thick Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy Plate

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第8期35卷 1329-1342页

作者： Fei Qiang Wen wang Ke Qiao Pai Peng Ting Zhang Xiao-Hu Guan Jun Cai Qiang Meng Hua-Xia Zhao kuai-she wang School of Metallurgical Engineering National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials ProcessingXi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China Northwest Institute for Non-Ferrous Metal Research Xian 710016China AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute Bejing 100024China Beijing FSW Technology Co.Ltd Bejing 101107China

In this work, 20-mm-thick aluminum-alloy plates were joined via friction stir welding. The temperature gradient was reduced by reducing the surface welding heat input to achieve uniformity of the mechanical properties across the thick plate joints. The welding temperature was measured using thermocouples. The microstructures were observed via electron backscatter diff raction and transmission electron microscopy. The tensile properties of the samples sliced along the thickness direction of the joint were evaluated. The results show that the highest welding peak temperature is 430℃ on the advancing side on the top surface of the joint. The grain size gradually decreased along the thickness direction, and grain refi nement was due to the combination of continuous, discontinuous, and geometric dynamic recrystallization. The tensile properties of the sliced samples were found to be uniform, and the ultimate tensile strength reached 62% of that of the base metal. The main strengthening mechanism of the Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy joints consists of precipitation strengthening. In addition, the η ` → η phase transition and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone were found to be responsible for the fracture of the joints.

关键词： Friction stir welding Aluminum alloy thick plate Dynamic recrystallization Mechanical properties Precipitated phase

Development and Property Tuning of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第8期35卷 1231-1265页

作者： Xing-Jiang Hua Ping Hu Hai-Rui Xing Jia-Yu Han Song-Wei Ge Shi-Lei Li Chao-Jun He kuai-she wang Chun-Juan Cui School of Metallurgy Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

In the past decade, multi-principal element high-entropy alloys (referred to as high-entropy alloys, HEAs) are an emerging alloy material, which has been developed rapidly and has become a research hotspot in the fi eld of metal materials. It breaks the alloy design concept of one or two principal elements in traditional alloys. It is composed of five or more principal elements, and the atomic percentage (at.%) of each element is greater than 5%but not more than 35%. The high-entropy eff ect caused by the increase of alloy principal elements makes the crystals easy form body-centered cubic or face-centered cubic structures, and may be accompanied by intergranular compounds and nanocrystals, to achieve solid solution strengthening,precipitation strengthening, and dispersion strengthening. The optimized design of alloy composition can make HEAs exhibit much better than traditional alloys such as high-strength steel, stainless steel, copper-nickel alloy, and nickel-based superalloy in terms of high strength, high hardness, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance. At present,refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) containing high-melting refractory metal elements have excellent room temperature and high-temperature properties, and their potential high-temperature application value has attracted widespread attention in the high-temperature fi eld. This article reviews the research status and preparation methods of RHEAs and analyzes the microstructure in each system and then summarizes the various properties of RHEAs, including high strength, wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and the common property tuning methods of RHEAs are explained, and the existing main strengthening and toughening mechanisms of RHEAs are revealed. This knowledge will help the on-demand design of RHEAs, which is a crucial trend in future development. Finally, the development and application prospects of RHEAs are prospected to guide future research.

关键词： Refractory high-entropy alloys Research status Microstructure Property tuning Strengthening and toughening

Microstructure and corrosion behaviors of friction stir-welded Q235 low-carbon steel joint

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第12期30卷 2517-2530页

作者： Hong-duo wang Zhi-yong Zhou kuai-she wang Wen wang Peng Han Cheng-wen Zhang Yong-xin Lu Guang Li Yi-di Lu Xiao Li Yan-ming Liu Xiao-yong Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an710065ShaanxiChina School of Metallurgical Engineering National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials ProcessingXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055ShaanxiChina

Friction stir welding(FSW)was used to prepare Q235 low-carbon steel joint,and the microstructure of different zones of the joint was characterized.The electrochemical corrosion behavior of different macroscopic zones of the joint was evaluated in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution.The results showed that the retreated-side heat-affected zone(HAZRS)and the advanced-side heat-affected zone(HAZAS)did not undergo phase transformation during FSW,and their microstructures were similar to those of the base material(BM),which was mainly composed of blocky ferrite and pearlite.The retreated-side thermo-mechanical affected zone(TMAZRS),the stirring zone(SZ),and the advanced-side thermo-mechanical affected zone(TMAZAS)underwent phase transformation,and the microstructure was mainly composed of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite.The order of the corrosion resistance of different micro-zones from high to low was:HAZRS>BM>HAZAS>TMAZRS>SZ>TMAZAS.The corrosion mechanism for BM,HAZRS,and HAZAS was mainly the dissolution of ferrite.By contrast,the corrosion mechanism for TMAZRS,SZ,and TMAZAS was mainly galvanic corrosion between proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite.

关键词： Q235 low-carbon steel Friction stir welding Microstructure Electrochemistry.Corrosion resistance

冷喷摩擦复合增材制造制备ZrO_(2)颗粒增强钛基复合材料组织与磨损性能

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塑性工程学报 2024年第2期31卷 105-112页

作者：王俣豪乔柯张兵王快社王文孙琦西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院陕西西安710055 功能材料加工国家地方联合工程研究中心陕西西安710055

采用冷喷涂增材制造和冷喷摩擦复合增材制造技术制备了ZrO_(2)颗粒增强钛基复合材料,使用SEM和EBSD等表征了微观组织特征,研究了模拟体液环境下的磨损性能和磨损机制。结果表明:相较于冷喷涂增材制造试样,冷喷摩擦复合增材制造试样中孔... 详细信息

采用冷喷涂增材制造和冷喷摩擦复合增材制造技术制备了ZrO_(2)颗粒增强钛基复合材料,使用SEM和EBSD等表征了微观组织特征,研究了模拟体液环境下的磨损性能和磨损机制。结果表明:相较于冷喷涂增材制造试样,冷喷摩擦复合增材制造试样中孔洞缺陷消失,组织明显致密化,ZrO_(2)均匀分布于Ti基体中,试样的致密度达99.1%。冷喷摩擦复合增材制造过程中发生了连续动态再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸均匀化至2.5μm。相较冷喷涂增材制造试样,冷喷摩擦复合增材制造试样显微硬度显著提升(由221 HV 0.2提升至544 HV 0.2)。在模拟体液环境下,冷喷摩擦复合增材制造试样具有较低的磨损率(1.09×10^(-3)mm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1)),表现出较好的耐磨性。磨粒磨损和粘着磨损是冷喷涂增材制造试样的主要磨损机制,而磨粒磨损是冷喷摩擦复合增材制造试样的主要磨损机制。

关键词：冷喷涂搅拌摩擦加工钛基复合材料微观组织磨损性能

Spheroidization of molybdenum powder by radio frequency thermal plasma

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第11期22卷 1212-1218页

作者： Xiao-ping Liu kuai-she wang Ping Hu Qiang Chen Alex A.Volinsky School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Metallurgical Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province State Technical Center Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co.Ltd Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Florida

To control the morphology and particle size of dense spherical molybdenum powder prepared by radio frequency（RF） plasma from irregular molybdenum powder as a precursor, plasma process parameters were optimized in this paper. The effects of the carrier gas flow rate and molybdenum powder feeding rate on the shape and size of the final products were studied. The molybdenum powder morphology was examined using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. The powder phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The tap density and apparent density of the molybdenum powder were investigated using a Hall flow meter and a Scott volumeter. The optimal process parameters for the spherical molybdenum powder preparation are 50 g/min powder feeding rate and 0.6 m^3/h carrier gas rate. In addition, pure spherical molybdenum powder can be obtained from irregular powder, and the tap density is enhanced after plasma processing. The average size is reduced from 72 to 62 μm, and the tap density is increased from 2.7 to 6.2 g/cm^3. Therefore, RF plasma is a promising method for the preparation of high-density and high-purity spherical powders.

关键词： powder materials molybdenum radio frequency plasma spheroidization processing parameters

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Pure Zirconium via Friction Stir Processing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第1期33卷 147-153页

作者： Wen wang Peng Han Jie Yuan Pai Peng Qiang Liu Fei Qiang Ke Qiao kuai-she wang School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing Xi’an 710055China

Friction stir processing(FSP), as a new kind of severe plastic deformation technique, can refine and homogenize the microstructure of metallic material. In this study, the effect of FSP on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Zr was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction analysis, microhardness and room-temperature tensile testing. The fine-grained(FG) structure with an average grain size of ~ 5.3 μm was obtained in the processed zone, where the average microhardness was ~ 198 HV, 1.6 times higher than that of base metal. Furthermore, tensile property of FG pure Zr exhibited obvious anisotropy owing to strong texture. Both grain size and texture had a significant effect on strength and ductility of FG pure Zr. High yield strength(248 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength(483 MPa), as well as good uniform elongation(10%) were achieved, which demonstrated that FSP was an effective method to fabricate bulk FG pure Zr with high strength and good ductility.

关键词： Friction stir processing Pure zirconium Grain size Texture Mechanical property

Cu和Ni中间层对铝/钢异种金属搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头界面微观组织及剪切性能的影响

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塑性工程学报 2024年第3期31卷 214-221页

作者：王元一乔柯张婷郝政扬王佳王文王快社西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院陕西西安710055 功能材料加工国家地方联合工程研究中心陕西西安710055

采用搅拌摩擦搭接焊(FSLW)对添加Cu和Ni中间层的6061-T6铝合金和QP1180钢进行焊接,研究接头微观组织及力学性能。结果表明, FSLW可以成功制备出成形性良好的Al-Cu-Fe及Al-Ni-Fe接头, Cu粉和Ni粉均与基体结合良好。Cu粉阻隔了Al-Fe之间... 详细信息

采用搅拌摩擦搭接焊(FSLW)对添加Cu和Ni中间层的6061-T6铝合金和QP1180钢进行焊接,研究接头微观组织及力学性能。结果表明, FSLW可以成功制备出成形性良好的Al-Cu-Fe及Al-Ni-Fe接头, Cu粉和Ni粉均与基体结合良好。Cu粉阻隔了Al-Fe之间的元素扩散,接头金属间化合物(IMCs)种类为Al Cu和Al_(3)Cu_(2),无Al-Fe IMCs生成;Ni粉无法完全阻隔Al-Fe之间的反应, IMCs种类为Al_(3)Ni_(2)和Al Fe_(3)。Al-Ni-Fe接头中产生的IMCs与基体之间的平均错配度低于Al-Cu-Fe接头中IMCs与基之间的平均错配度,表明Al-Ni-Fe接头中产生的IMCs与基体之间的结合强度优于Al-Cu-Fe接头中产生的IMCs与基体之间的结合强度,因此Al-Ni-Fe接头剪切强度(7.86 k N)优于Al-Cu-Fe接头剪切强度(4.62 k N)。

关键词：搅拌摩擦搭接焊铝/钢界面金属间化合物错配度剪切性能