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Response of leaf carbon metabolism and dry matter accumulation to density and row spacing in two rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)genotypes with differing plant architectures

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 680-691页

作者： Jie kuai Xiaoyong Li Jianli Ji Zhen Li Yan Xie Bo Wang Guangsheng zhou MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430070HubeiChina College of Agriculture Jinhua Polytechni3Jinhua 321007ZhejiangChina Haimen Municipal Guidance Station for Crop Cultivation and Technology Haimen 226100JiangsuChina

Biological yield indicates the potential for increasing yield.Leaf carbon metabolism plays an important role in the biomass accumulation of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Field experiments with the hybrid HZ62(with a conventional plant architecture)grown in 2016–2017,and HZ62 and accession 1301(with a compact plant architecture)grown in 2017–2018 were conducted to characterize the physiological and proteomic responses of leaf photosynthetic carbon metabolism to density and row spacing configurations.The densities were set at 15×10;ha^(-1)(D1),30×10^(4)ha^(-1)(D2),and 45×10^(4)ha^(-1)(D3)(main plot),with row spacings of 15 cm(R15),25 cm(R25),and 35 cm(R35)(subplot).Individual and plant population biomass accumulation was greatest at R25,R15,and R15 for D1,D2,and D3,respectively,for both genotypes.In comparison with D1 R25,the individual aboveground biomass of HZ62 decreased by60.2%,whereas the population biomass increased by 31.9%,and the individual biomass of genotype1301 decreased by 54.0%and the population biomass increased by 53.9%at D3 R15.Leaf carbon metabolic enzymes varied between genotypes at flowering stage.In contrast to D1 R25,at D3 R15 the activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(Rubisco)and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)and the contents of starch,sucrose and soluble sugars in leaves were significantly decreased in HZ62 and increased in genotype 1301.The activities of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase(FBPase)decreased,in consistency with the abundance of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase in HZ62.In contrast,sucrose synthase(Su Sy)activity appeared to decrease in both genotypes,but a significant increase in abundance of a protein with sucrose synthase was found in the 1301 genotype by proteomic analysis.With increased density and reduced row spacing,the expression of most key proteins involved in carbon metabolism was elevated,and enzyme activity and carbon assimilate content were increased in 1301,whereas HZ62 showed the opposite trend,indicating that the compact plant type can accumulate mo

关键词： Rapeseed Density Row spacing Dry matter Leaf carbon metabolism

Analytical solutions for sediment concentration in waves based onlinear diffusivity

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2021年第2期11卷 77-80页

作者： Yiqin Xie Jifu zhou Xu Wang Yanrong kuai Yongjun Lu Key laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources&Hydraul En Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjingJiangsu 210024China

Two kinds of analytical solutions are derived through Laplace transform for the equation that governswave-induced suspended sediment concentration with linear sediment diffusivity under two kinds ofbottom boundary conditions,namely the reference concentration(Dirichlet)and pickup function(Nu-mann),based on a variable transformation that is worked out to transform the governing equation intoa modified Bessel equation.The ability of the two analytical solutions to describe the profiles of sus-pended sediment concentration is discussed by comparing with different experimental data.And it isdemonstrated that the two analytical solutions can well describe the process of wave-induced suspendedsediment concentration,including the amplitude and phase and vertical profile of sediment concentra-tion.Furthermore,the solution with boundary condition of pickup function provides better results thanthat of reference concentration in terms of the phase-dependent variation of concentration.

关键词： Analytical solution Wave-induced sediment concentration Reference concentration Pickup function Sediment diffusivity

Effects of paclobutrazol on biomass production in relation to resistance to lodging and pod shattering in Brassica napus L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第11期16卷 2470-2481页

作者： kuai Jie LI Xiao-yong YANG Yang zhou Guang-sheng College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P.R. China

Paclobutrazol was sprayed at 0, 150, and 300 mg L-1 during the closed canopy stage and the early bud stage with two high-yielding cultivars of rapeseed, Yangguang 2009 and Fengyou 520. The impact of paclobutrazol on the accumulation and distribution of biomass and its relationship with yield, resistance to lodging and pod shattering were determined. All the treatments increased the resistance as well as yield. The maximum yield was obtained when paclobutrazol was applied during the closed canopy stage at 150 mg L-1. The plant＇s resistance to both lodging and pod shattering was the maximum when paclobutrazol was applied during the early bud stage at 300 mg L-1. Paclobutrazol also delayed senescence, with the higher concentration or later spraying leading to more obvious effects; improved the net assimilation rate before the early bud stage; and promoted the relative growth rate of the main growth organ at each stage of growth and maximized the rate and quantities of biomass accumulation. However, at the higher concentration and later spraying, the increments were smaller. The spraying also increased the rates of biomass allocation to roots, leaves, and pods, but the rate of allocation to stems decreased as the plants grew shorter. The higher allocation to roots and the lower allocation to stems favoured resistance to both lodging and pod shattering whereas higher allocation to leaves and pods favoured yield. The higher concentration or late spraying led to excessive biomass being allocated to roots, which decreased leaf biomass during the bud stage, leading to greater resistance but lower yields.

关键词： rapeseed paclobutrazol biomass yield resistance to lodging and shattering

Study of preferred background luminance in watching computer screen in children

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第11期127卷 2073-2077页

作者： Shen Yang kuai Shuguang zhou Weixi Peng Sheng Tian Mi Liu Kangjun zhou Xingtao Department of Ophthalmology Eye and Ear Nose and Throat Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200031 China Philips Research China Shanghai 200233 China

Background In recent years,computers have been intensively used at home.In contrast to paper-based books and documents,computer screen is self-illuminated with larger screen-background luminance difference,which greatly induces visual discomfort.To compensate for that,one effective solution is to offer an additional background luminance.In this study,we investigated whether and to what extent additional background lighting is needed in looking at a computer display comfortably.Methods In this study,60 healthy children aged from 9 to 12 years and 58 adults aged from 21 to 39 years participated in the experiments.They were asked to choose their most preferred background luminance intensities at three screen luminance levels.The data were analyzed by Matlab （R2012b） and SPSS 20.0.Results Both children and adult participants selected a non-dark background as their comfortable lighting condition when watching a computer display （children：t （59）=22.0,P 〈0.01,adults：t （57）=15.5,P 〈0.01）.Comparatively,children preferred brighter background in general （F （1,116）=7.0,P 〈0.01）.More importantly,participants＇ preferred background luminance levels were linearly correlated with screen luminance intensities （children：slope=0.97,R2=0.98; adults：slope=0.38,R2=1.00）.Conclusion These results indicate that varying background luminance to maintain screen-background luminance ratio is beneficial to human visual comfort.

关键词： eye fatigue antrast sensitivity myopia lighting

The NPR1-WRKY46-WRKY6 signaling cascade mediates probenazole/salicylic acid-elicited leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第5期63卷 924-936页

作者： Dingyu Zhang Zheng Zhu Jiong Gao Xin zhou Shuai Zhu Xiaoyan Wang Xiaolei Wang Guodong Ren Benke kuai State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture Institute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of Neurology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Endogenous salicylic acid(SA) regulates leaf senescence, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. The exogenous application of SA to living plants is not efficient for inducing leaf senescence. By taking advantage of probenazole(PBZ)-inducedbiosynthesisof endogenous SA, we previously established a chemical inducible leaf senescence system that depends on SA biosynthesis and its core signaling receptor NPR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here,using this system, we identified WRKY46 and WRKY6 as key components of the transcriptional machinery downstream of NPR1 signaling. Upon PBZ treatment, the wrky46 mutant exhibited significantly delayed leaf senescence. We demonstrate that NPR1 is essential for PBZ/SA-induced WRKY46 activation, whereas WRKY46 in turn enhances NPR1 expression. WRKY46 interacts with NPR1 in the nucleus, binding to the W-box of the WRKY6 promoter to induce its expression in response to SA signaling. Dysfunction of WRKY6 abolished PBZ-induced leaf senescence, while overexpression of WRKY6 was sufficient to accelerate leaf senescence even under normal growth conditions, suggesting that WRKY6 may serve as an integration node of multiple leaf senescence signaling pathways. Taken together,these findings reveal that the NPR1-WRKY46-WRKY6 signaling cascade plays a critical role in PBZ/SA-mediated leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.

关键词： leaf senescence NPR1 probenazole salicylic acid WRKY46 WRKY6

ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 Promote ABA-Mediated Chlorophyll Degradation and Leaf Senescence by Transcriptional Activation of Chlorophyll Catabolic Genes and Senescence-Associated Genes in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第9期9卷 1272-1285页

作者： Shan Gao Jiong Gao Xiaoyu Zhu Yi Song Zhongpeng Li Guodong Ren Xin zhou Benke kuai State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan University Shanghai 200438 China These authors contributed equally to this article.

Chlorophyll （Chl） degradation is an integral process of leaf senescence, and NYE1/SGR1 has been demonstrated as a key regulator of Chl catabolism in diverse plant species. In this study, using yeast one-hybrid screening, we identified three abscisic acid （ABA）-responsive element （ABRE）-binding transcription factors, ABF2 （AREB1）, ABF3, and ABF4 （AREB2）, as the putative binding proteins of the NYE1 promoter. Through the transactivation analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 directly bound to and activated the NYE1 promoter in vitro and in vivo. ABA is a positive regulator of leaf senescence, and exogenously applied ABA can accelerate Chl degradation. The triple mutant of the ABFs, abf2abf3abf4, as well as two ABA-insensitive mutants, abil-1 and snrk2.2/2.3/2.6, exhibited stay-green phenotypes after ABA treatment, along with decreased induction of NYE1 and NYE2 expression. In contrast, overexpression of ABF4 accelerated Chl degradation upon ABA treatment. Interestingly, ABF2/3/4 could also activate the expression of two Chl catabolic enzyme genes, PAO and NYCl, by directly binding to their promoters. In addition, abf2abf3abf4 exhibited a functional stay-green phenotype, and senescence-associated genes （SAGs）, such as SAG29 （SWEET15）, might be directly regulated by the ABFs. Taken together, our results suggest that ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 likely act as key regulators in mediating ABA-triggered Chl degradation and leaf senescence in general in Arabidopsis.

关键词： abscisic acid ABF transcription factor chlorophyll degradation leaf senescence Arabidopsisthaliana

Numerical Simulation of Solitary Wave Forces on A Vertical Cylinder on A Slope Beach

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China Ocean Engineering 2021年第3期35卷 317-331页

作者： kuai Yan-rong zhou Ji-fu DUAN Jin-long WANG Xu Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Wave forces acting on a vertical cylinder at different locations on a slope beach in the near-shore region are investigated considering solitary waves as incoming waves.Based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the k-ε turbulence model,wave forces due to the interaction between the solitary wave and cylinder are simulated and analyzed with different incident wave heights and cylinder locations.The numerical results are first compared with previous theoretical and experimental results to validate the model accuracy.Then,the wave forces and characteristics around the cylinder are studied,including the velocity field,wave surface elevation and pressure.The effects of relative wave height,Keulegan-Carpenter(KC)number and cylinder locations on the wave forces are also discussed.The results show that the wave forces exerted on a cylinder exponentially increase with the increasing incident wave height and KC number.Before the wave force peaks,the growth rate of the wave force shows an increasing trend as the cylinder moves onshore.The cylinder location has a notable effect on the wave force on the cylinder in the near-shore region.As the cylinder moves onshore,the wave force on the cylinder initially increases and then decreases.For the cases considered here,the maximum wave force appears when the cylinder is located one cylinder diameter below the still-water shoreline.Furthermore,the fluid velocity peaks when the maximum wave force appears at the same location.

关键词： wave force cylinder location Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations solitary wave numerical simulation

Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 protects cortical neurons from excitotoxicity:a mechanistic pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1552-1560页

作者： Kuai Zhou Hai-Yuan Yang Peng-Yu Tang Wei Liu Yong-Jun Luo Bin Lv Jian Yin Tao Jiang Jian Chen Wei-Hua Cai Jin Fan Department of Orthopedics First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Department of Orthopedics Ben Q Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Department of Orthopedics Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1（Mdivi-1） is a selective cell-permeable inhibitor of dynamin-related protein-1（Drp1） and mitochondrial division.To investigate the effect of Mdivi-1 on cells treated with glutamate,cerebral cortex neurons isolated from neonatal rats were treated with 10 m M glutamate for 24 hours.Normal cultured cells and dimethyl sulfoxide-cultured cells were considered as controls.Apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry.Changes in mitochondrial morphology were examined by electron microscopy.Drp1,Bax,and casp ase-3 expression was evaluated by western blot assays and immunocytochemistry.Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected using the JC-1 probe.Twenty-four hours after 10 m M glutamate treatment,Drp1,Bax and caspase-3 expression was upregulated,Drp1 and Bax were translocated to mitochondria,mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased and the rate of apoptosis was increased.These effects were inhibited by treatment with 50 μM Mdivi-1 for 2 hours.This finding indicates that Mdivi-1 is a candidate neuroprotective drug that can potentially mitigate against neuronal injury caused by glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

关键词： nerve regeneration mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 neurons apoptosis mitochondria division dynamin-related protein-I phospho-dynamin-related protein-1 Bax glutamate colocalization neural regeneration

Efficacy and safety of Huzhang Granule,a compound Chinese herbal medicine,for acute gouty arthritis:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 270-278页

作者： Hao Wang Si-ting Chen Xiao-jie Ding Le kuai Liang Hua Xin Li Yi-fei Wang Ming Zhang Bin Li Rui-ping Wang Mi zhou Department of Dermatology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Dermatology the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200443China Institute of Dermatology School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200443China

Background:Acute gouty arthritis(AGA)is an inflammatory joint disease with a high prevalence.Typical medical interventions,including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,colchicine and glucocorticoids,can have serious adverse reactions.Huzhang Granule(HZG),a compound Chinese herbal medicine,has been used to treat AGA for more than 30 years with satisfactory effects and no significant adverse reactions.However,the efficacy and safety of HZG in AGA patients remains unknown.Objective:The present investigation was designed to examine the efficacy and safety profile of HZG in managing AGA patients.Design,setting,participants and interventions:The current study was conducted as a noninferiority,randomized controlled clinical trial on 180 eligible enrolled participants.Participants were randomly assigned into the HZG and etoricoxib groups.Treatments were administered for 5 d,during which the HZG group received HZG and placebo etoricoxib,while the etoricoxib group received etoricoxib and placebo HZG in the same ratio(1:1).Main outcome measures:The primary outcome was pain experienced by the patient in the gout-afflicted joint from days 2 to 5 of the treatment window.The pain level was measured via a visual analogue scale,ranging from 0 mm to 100 mm.The secondary outcomes comprised joint tenderness and swelling,reduction of inflammatory biomarkers,and the patient’s and investigator’s global evaluations of therapeutic response.Results:The mean reduction in pain was-51.22 mm(95%confidence interval[CI],[-53.42,-49.03]mm)for the HZG and-52.00 mm(95%CI,[-54.06,-49.94]mm)for the etoricoxib groups.The mean difference between the two groups was 0.78 mm(95%CI,[-2.25,3.81]mm).All additional efficacy endpoints,covering decreased inflammation and pain relief,yielded compelling proof of noninferiority.Patients in the HZG group exhibited a comparatively lower rate of adverse events compared to those in the etoricoxib group(4.44%vs 13.33%;P≤0.05).Conclusion:HZG and etoricoxib groups demonstrated similar levels of analgesic effectiveness

关键词： Acute gouty arthritis Huzhang Granule Randomized controlled trial Blind