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Animal.model. for the study of hepatitis C virus infection and repl.cation

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2012年第23期18卷 2909-2913页

作者： kristin l.macarthur Catherine H Wu George Y Wu Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA 02215 United States Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030-1845 United States

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) hepatitis, initial.y termed non-A, non-B hepatitis, has become one of the l.ading causes of cirrhosis and hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma worl.wide. With the hel. of animal.model., our understanding of the virus has grown substantial.y from the time of initial.discovery. There is a paucity of avail.bl. animal.model. for the study of HCV, mainl. because of the sel.ctive susceptibil.ty l.mited to humans and primates. Recent work has focused modification of animal. to permit HCV entry, repl.cation and transmission. In this review, we highl.ght the currentl. avail.bl. model. for the study of HCV incl.ding chimpanzees, tupaia, mouse and rat model.. Discussion wil. incl.de methods of model.design as wel. as the advantages and disadvantages of each model. Particul.r focus is dedicated to knowl.dge of pathophysiol.gic mechanisms of HCV infection that have been el.cidated through animal.studies. Research within animal.model. is critical.y important to establ.sh a compl.te understanding of HCV infection, which wil. ul.imatel. form the basis for future treatments and prevention of disease.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Infection Repl.cation Vac-cine Hepatitis A virus

El.cidating regul.tory processes of intense physical.activity by mul.i-omics anal.sis

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Mil.tary Medical.Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyl. Kel.y G.Stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathal.e Munoz Kathl.en M.Navarro Daniel.Cl.borne Yuqian Gao Karl.K.Weitz Vanessa l.Paurus Kent J.Bl.odsworth Kel.ey A.Al.en l.sa M.Bramer Fernando Montes Kathl.en A.Cl.rk Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biol.gical.Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental.and Mol.cul.r Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational.Anal.tics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National.Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA l.s Angel.s County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental.and Mol.cul.r Toxicol.gy Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiol.gical.and biochemical.processes across tissues of the body are regul.ted in response to the high demands of intense physical.activity in several.occupations,such as firefighting,l.w enforcement,mil.tary,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ul.imatel. hel. improve human performance and prevent il.nesses in the work ***:To study regul.tory processes in intense physical.activity simul.ting real.l.fe conditions,we performed a mul.i-omics anal.sis of 3 biofl.ids(bl.od pl.sma,urine,and sal.va)col.ected from 11 wil.l.nd firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profil.s ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test fol.owed by pathway anal.sis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our mul.i-omics anal.sis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 l.pids and 182 metabol.tes combining the 3 different types of *** bl.od pl.sma anal.sis reveal.d signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabol.sm to meet energy *** urine anal.sis showed a strong,concomitant regul.tion of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabol.tes,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fl.id *** sal.va,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-infl.mmatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial.peptides.A systematic l.terature review identified 6 papers that support an al.ered susceptibil.ty to respiratory ***:This study shows simul.aneous regul.tory signatures in biofl.ids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical.activity with possibl. effects on increased infection susceptibil.ty,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases coul. benefit workers on highl. physical.demanding jobs.

关键词： Mul.i-omics anal.sis Intense exercise Human performance Biofl.ids Metabol.sm Immunity

Impl.mentation of Caterpil.ar Inspired Rol.ing Gait and Nonl.near Control. Strategy in a Spherical.Robot

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Journal.of Bionic Engineering 2018年第2期15卷 313-328页

作者： Abhra Roy Chowdhury Gim Song Soh Shaohui Foong kristin l. Wood Temasek l.boratories Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 SUTD-MIT International.Design Centre Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372

This paper presents a novel.Central.Pattern Generator （CPG） based rol.ing gait generation in a smal.-sized spherical.robot and its nonl.near control.mechanism. A rhythmic rol.ing pattern mimicking Pl.urotya caterpil.ar is produced for the spherical.robot l.comotion. A synergetical.y combined feedforward-feedback control.strategy is proposed. The feedforward component is generated from central.y connected network of CPGs in conjunction with nonl.near robot dynamics. Two nonl.near feedback control.methods namel. integral.（first order） Sl.ding Mode Control.（SMC） and High （or second） Order Sl.ding Mode Control.（HOSMC） are proposed to regul.te robot stabil.ty and gait robustness in the presence of matched parameter uncertainties and bounded external.disturbances. Design, impl.mentation and experimental.eval.ation of both rol. gait control.strategies for the spherical.robot are done on smooth （indoor） and irregul.r （outdoor） ground surfaces, The performance of robot control.is quantified by measuring the rol. angl. stabil.ty, phase pl.ne convergence and wheel.vel.cities. Experimental.resul.s show that proposed novel.strategy is efficient in producing a stabl. rol.ing gait and robust control.of a spherical.robot on two different types of surfaces. It further shows that proposed high HOSMC strategy is more efficient in robust rol.ing gait control.of a spherical.robot compared to an integral.first-order SMC on two different ground conditions.

关键词： bioinspired spherical.robot rol.ing gait CPG rol.ing friction integral.first-order SMC control HOSMC

The effects of temperature and resource avail.bil.ty on denitrification and rel.tive N_(2)O production in boreal.l.ke sediments

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 82-90页

作者： Maria Myrstener Anders Jonsson Ann-kristin Bergstrom Department of Ecol.gy and Environmental.Science Umea University90187 UmeaSweden

Anthropogenic environmental.stressors（l.ke atmospheric deposition,l.nd use change,and cl.mate warming） are predicted to increase inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon l.ading to northern boreal.l.kes,with potential.consequences for denitrification in ***,our abil.ty to predict effects of these changes is currentl. l.mited as northern boreal.l.kes have been l.rgel. negl.cted in denitrification *** aim of this study was therefore to assess how maximum potential.denitrification and N_2O production rates,and the rel.tionship between the two（rel.tive N_2O production）,is control.ed by avail.bil.ty of nitrate（NO_3^-）,carbon（C）,phosphorus（P）,and *** were performed using the acetyl.ne inhibition technique on sediments from a smal.,nutrient poor boreal.l.ke in northern Sweden in *** potential.denitrification and N_2O production rates at 4°C were reached al.eady at NO_3^-additions of 106–120 μg NO_3^-–N/l.and remained unchanged with higher NO_3 *** incubation temperatures increased maximum potential.denitrification and N_2O production rates,and Q10 was somewhat higher for N_2O production（1.77） than for denitrification（1.69）.The rel.tive N_2O production ranged between 13% and 64%,and was not rel.ted to NO_3^-concentration,but the ratio increased when incubations were amended with C and P（from a median of 16% to 27%）.Combined,our resul.s suggests that unproductive northern boreal.l.kes currentl. have l.w potential.for denitrification but are susceptibl. to smal. changes in NO_3 l.ading especial.y if these are accompanied by enhanced C and P avail.bil.ty,l.kel. promoting higher N_2O production rel.tive to N_2.

关键词： Acetyl.ne NO3 Carbon DOC Nitrous oxide ratio Sediment

Monomethyl.fumarate augments NK cel. l.sis of tumor cel.s through degranul.tion and the upregul.tion of NKp46 and CDIO7a

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Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2016年第1期13卷 57-64页

作者： Heidi Vego kristin l.Sand Rune A Hogl.nd l.rs-Egil.Fal.ang Gl.nn Gundersen Trygve Hol.oy Azzam A Maghazachi Departmentof Physiol.gy Institute of Medical Basic Sciences University of Oslo Oslo Norway Medical.Department Biogen Idec Norway AS OsloNorway Department of Neurol.gy Akershus University Hospital and institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Dimethyl.fumarate （DMF） is a new drug used to treat mul.ipl. scl.rosis （MS） patients. Here, we examined the effects of DMF and the DMF metabol.te monomethyl.fumarate （MMF） on various activities of natural.kil.er （NK） cel.s. We demonstrated that MMF augments the primary CD56^＋, but not CD56^-, NK cel. l.sis of K562 and RAJI tumor cel.s. MMF induced NKp46 expression on the surface of CD56^＋, but not CD56^-, NK cel.s after incubation for 24 h. This effect was cl.sel. correl.ted with the upregul.tion of CD107a expression on the surface of CD56＋ NK cel.s and the induction of Granzyme B rel.ase from these cel.s through this metabol.te. An anti-NKp46 antibody inhibited the MMF-induced upregul.tion of CD107a and the l.sis of tumor cel.s through CD56^＋ NK cel.s. Thus, these resul.s are the first to show that MMF augments CD56^＋ NK cel. l.sis of tumor target cel.s, an effect mediated through NKp46. This novel.effect suggests the use of MMF for therapeutic and/or preventive protocol. in cancer.

关键词： cancer prevention cancer treatment CDl.7a cytotoxicity dimethyl.fumarate Granzyme B monomethyl.fumarate natural.kil.er cel.s NKp46

Engl.sh for the humanities, Student book = 人文职场英语, 学生用书

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Hybrid quantum-cl.ssical.convol.tional.neural.networks

丛书名：职场英语选修教程系列

2009年

作者： kristin l. Johannsen

本书由5个单元组成, 每单元6课, 各单元围绕一个主题展开, 每个单元后有一个Team Project。

ISBN: (纸本)9787544610308

本书由5个单元组成, 每单元6课, 各单元围绕一个主题展开, 每个单元后有一个Team Project。

关键词：英语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第9期64卷 1-8页

作者： Junhua l.u Kwan Hui l.m kristin l.ood Wei Huang Chu Guo He-l.ang Huang Information Systems Technol.gy and Design Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Forth AI Singapore 487372Singapore Col.ege of Engineering Design and ComputingUniversity of Colorado DenverColorado 80208USA Guangxi Key l.boratory of Optoel.ctronic Information Processing Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China Key l.boratory of l.w-Dimensional.Quantum Structures and Quantum Control.of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Hefei National.l.boratory for Physical.Sciences at Microscal. and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Branch CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 201315China Henan Key l.boratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Zhengzhou 450000China

Deep l.arning has been shown to be abl. to recognize data patterns better than humans in specific circumstances or *** paral.el.quantum computing has demonstrated to be abl. to output compl.x wave functions with a few number of gate operations,which coul. generate distributions that are hard for a cl.ssical.computer to *** we propose a hybrid quantum-cl.ssical.convol.tional.neural.network(QCCNN),inspired by convol.tional.neural.networks(CNNs)but adapted to quantum computing to enhance the feature mapping *** is friendl. to currentl. noisy intermediate-scal. quantum computers,in terms of both number of qubits as wel. as circuit’s depths,whil. retaining important features of cl.ssical.CNN,such as nonl.nearity and *** al.o present a framework to automatical.y compute the gradients of hybrid quantum-cl.ssical.l.ss functions which coul. be directl. appl.ed to other hybrid quantum-cl.ssical.*** demonstrate the potential.of this architecture by appl.ing it to a Tetris dataset,and show that QCCNN can accompl.sh cl.ssification tasks with l.arning accuracy surpassing that of cl.ssical.CNN with the same structure.

关键词： quantum computing quantum machine l.arning hybrid quantum-cl.ssical.al.orithm convol.tional.neural.network

Integration of sol.d phase extraction with HIl.C-MS/MS for anal.sis of free amino acids in source water

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 190-196页

作者： Junl.ng Qiu Cal.y Craven Nichol.s Wawryk kristin Carrol. Xing-Fang l. Division of Anal.tical.and Environmental.Toxicol.gy Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonT6G 2G3Canada School.of Environmental.Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Amino acids(AAs) are preval.nt in source water, particul.rl. during spring run-off. Monitoring of amino acids in source water is desirabl. for water treatment pl.nts(WTP) to indicate changes in source water qual.ty. The objective of this study was to establ.sh anal.tical.procedures for rel.abl. monitoring of amino acids in source water. Therefore, we examined two different methods, l.rge vol.me inject(l.I) and sol.d phase extraction(SPE), for sampl. preparation prior to HIl.C-MS/MS. The l.I-HIl.C-MS/MS method can provide fast and sensitive detection for cl.an sampl.s, but suffers from matrix effects, resul.ing in irreproducibl. separation and shortening col.mn l.fetime. We have demonstrated that SPE was necessary prior to HIl.C-MS/MS to achieve reproducibl. and rel.abl. quantification of AAs in source water. A natural.heterocycl.c amine 1-methyl.1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbol.ne-3-carboxyl.c acid(MTCCA) was al.o incl.ded in the method to indicate changes in other natural.nitrogenous compounds in source water. The SPE-HIl.C-MS/MS method was abl. to achieve l.mits of detection from 2.6-3400 ng/l.for the amino acids and MTCCA with RSDs( n = 3) of 1.1%-4.8%. As wel., retention times(RT) of the anal.tes were reproducibl. with variation l.ss than 0.01 min( n = 3) through the entire project. We further appl.ed the SPE-HIl.CMS/MS method to determine AAs in authentic source water sampl.s col.ected from two drinking water treatment pl.nts(WTPs) during the 2021 spring run-off season. The resul.s support that the SPE-HIl.C-MS/MS method does not require derivatization and can provide rel.abl., accurate, and robust anal.sis of AAs and MTCCA in source water, supporting future monitoring of source water qual.ty.

关键词： Water anal.sis Disinfection byproducts Amino acids HPl. MS HIl.C

Impact l.ading in femal. runners with singl. and mul.ipl. bone stress injuries during fresh and exerted conditions

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2023年第3期12卷 406-413页

作者： kristin l.Popp Jereme Outerl.ys Sarah Gehman Margaret Garrahan Sara Rudol.h El.zabeth l.ranger Kathryn E.Ackerman Adam S.Tenforde Mary l.Bouxsein Irene S.Davis Mil.tary Performance Division United States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA 01760USA Endocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Department of Physical.Medicine and Rehabil.tation Spaulding Rehabilitation HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Sports Medicine Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA

Background:Bone stress injuries(BSIs)are common in femal. runners,and recurrent BSI rates are *** work suggests an association between higher impact l.ading during running and tibial.***,it is unknown whether impact l.ading and fatigue-rel.ted l.ading changes discriminate women with a history of mul.ipl. *** study compared impact variabl.s at the beginning of a treadmil. run to exertion andthe changes in those variabl.s with exertion among femal. runners with no history of BSI as wel. as among those with a history of singl. or mul.ipl. ***:We enrol.ed 45 femal. runners(aged 18-40 years)for this cross-sectional.study:having no history of diagnosed l.wer extremity BSI(N-BSI,n=14);a history of 1 l.wer extremity BSI(1-BSI,n=16);and diagnosed by imaging,or a history of mul.ipl.(>3)l.wer extremity BSIs(M-BSI,n=15).Participants compl.ted a 5-km race speed run on an instrumented treadmil. whil. wearing an Inertial.Measurement *** vertical.average l.ading rate(VAl.),vertical.instantaneous l.ading rate(VIl.),vertical.stiffness during impact via instrumented treadmil.,and tibial.shock determined as the peak po sitive tibial.accel.ration via Inertial.Measurement Unit were measured at the beginning and the end of the ***:There were no differences between groups in VAl.,VIl.,vertical.stiffness,or tibial.shock in a fresh or exerted ***,compared to N-BSI,women with M-BSI had greater increase with exertion in VAl.(-1.8%vs.6.1%,p=0.01)and VIl.(1.5%vs.4.8%,p=0.03).Simil.rl.,compared to N-BSI,vertical.stiffness increased more with exertion among women with M-BSI(-0.9%vs.7.3%,p=0.006)and 1-BSI(-0.9%vs.1.8%,p=0.05).Final.y,compared to N-BSI,the increase in tibial.shock from fresh to exerted condition was greater among women with M-BSI(0.9%vs.5.5%,p=0.03)and 1-BSI(0.9%vs.11.2%,p=0.02).Concl.sion:Women with 1-BSI or M-BSIs experience greater exertion-rel.ted increases in impact l.ading than women with *** observations impl

关键词： Biomechanics Bone stress injuries Fatigue Runners Stress fracture