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Symposia Report Immunoglobulin G for the Treatment of Chronic Pain：Report of an Expert Workshop

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2014年第11期20卷 769-777页

作者： Stefano Tamburin kristian borg Xavier J. Caro Stefano Jann Alexander J. Clark Francesca Magrinelli Gen Sobue Lars Werhagen Giampietro Zanette Haruki Koike Peter J. Spath Angela Vincent Andreas Goebel Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Department of Neurosciences Hospital Niguarda Ca Granda Milan Section of Neurology Pederzoli Hospital Peschiera del Garda Verona Italy Division of Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Karolinska Institute at Danderyds Hospital Stockholm Sweden Division of Rheumatology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA Department of Neurology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan Department of Anesthesia Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada Institute of pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford Pain Research Institute University of Liverpool Clinical Sciences Building University Hospital Aintree Liverpool UK

背景:慢性疼痛的治疗效果仍不理想。尽管现在治疗慢性疼痛的药物种类较多,但许多患者对疗效仍不满意或诉药物的副作用太大。越来越多的证据表明,免疫系统参与了伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛的病理过程。设计:在英国利物浦的专题会议上,... 详细信息

背景:慢性疼痛的治疗效果仍不理想。尽管现在治疗慢性疼痛的药物种类较多,但许多患者对疗效仍不满意或诉药物的副作用太大。越来越多的证据表明,免疫系统参与了伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛的病理过程。设计:在英国利物浦的专题会议上,专家们出示了免疫系统参与慢性疼痛的证据。近来的研究表明,静脉(IVIg)或皮下(SCIg)注射免疫调节药物——多价免疫球蛋白(Ig G)可缓解外周神经病理性疼痛和其他疼痛性疾病。专题会议讨论了IVIg和SCIg治疗的适应证、效价比及其副作用。结果:Ig G可缓解某些伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛,如糖尿病、干燥综合征、纤维肌痛症、复杂性区域疼痛综合征、小儿麻痹后遗症和继发于病理性自身抗体的疼痛。结论:Ig G对某些慢性疼痛具有一定的治疗前景。Ig G是一种相对安全的治疗方法,副作用少而轻,但价格较贵。今后有必要对Ig G治疗顽固性疼痛进行随机对照研究和预测性临床试验。

关键词：慢性疼痛患者临床治疗副作用后遗症

Cancer-associated fibroblasts express CD1d and activate invariant natural killer T cells under cellular stress

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 91-94页

作者： Shengduo Pei Jonas Sjölund Yueyun Pan kristian Pietras Mikael C.I.Karlsson Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Division of Translational Cancer Research Department of Laboratory MedicineLund University Cancer CentreLund UniversityLundSweden

Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are part of the family of unconventional T cells,and they recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the MHC class I like molecule CD1^([1]).In humans there are five CD1 molecules named CD1a to CD1e,whereas mice use only CD1d for lipid ***,iNKT cells can elicit both cytotoxicity similarly to conventional CD8 T cells and secrete cytokines that influence the adaptive immune response including providing direct T cell help to B cells^([2]).In the context of tumors,they can use both release of granzyme B and use Fas-mediated mechanisms for killing of tumor *** iNKT cells use a restricted TCR repertoire and CD1 molecules are non-heterogenous the risk of graft vs host disease is limited and thus these T cells have been an attractive option for off the shelf immunotherapy to treat cancer^([3]).

关键词： killer CD1d Cancer

Cellulose synthesis in land plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 359-361页

作者： Gustav B.Pedersen Leonard Blaschek kristian E.H.Frandsen Lise C.Noack Staffan Persson 不详

After the original publication of the above article,we and/or attentive readers identified several instances of unclear or erroneous writing that needed correcting,as *** are added for emphasis.

关键词： synthesis instance identif

Austrian syndrome:Resurgence of an old and deadly triad

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 261-264页

作者： kristian Rivera Dolors Viles Marta Zielonka Carlos Izurieta Tania Ramírez Martínez Diego Menéndez Department of Cardiology University Hospital Arnau de VilanovaInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida(IRBLleida)LleidaSpain

Introduction The Gram-positive bacterium,Streptococcus pneumoniae(***),often colonizes the nasopharynx;however,it is one of the major microorganisms that cause pneumonia and meningitis.[[1],[2],[3]]It presents several virulence factors,such as surface proteins and enzymes,pneumolysin toxin,and a polysaccharide capsule,which is mainly responsible for the immune response;the capsule also facilitates classification of the bacterium into several serotypes.[1,2]In vulnerable individuals,the bacterium may lead to the development of invasive pneumococcal disease(IPD),which is defined as an infection of normally sterile locations.

关键词： capsule sterile infection

Data-driven discovery of 2D materials by deep generative models

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2218-2225页

作者： Peder Lyngby kristian Sommer Thygesen Computational Atomic-scale Materials Design(CAMD) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Efficient algorithms to generate candidate crystal structures with good stability properties can play a key role in data-driven materials ***,we show that a crystal diffusion variational autoencoder(CDVAE)is capable of generating two-dimensional(2D)materials of high chemical and structural diversity and formation energies mirroring the training ***,we train the CDVAE on 26152D materials with energy above the convex hullΔH_(hull)<0.3 eV/atom,and generate 5003 materials that we relax using density functional theory(DFT).We also generate 14192 new crystals by systematic element substitution of the training *** find that the generative model and lattice decoration approach are complementary and yield materials with similar stability properties but very different crystal structures and chemical *** total we find 11630 predicted new 2D materials,where 8599 of these haveΔH_(hull)<0.3 eV/atom as the seed structures,while 2004 are within 50 meV of the convex hull and could potentially be *** relaxed atomic structures of all the materials are available in the open Computational 2D Materials Database(C2DB).Our work establishes the CDVAE as an efficient and reliable crystal generation machine,and significantly expands the space of 2D materials.

关键词： crystal convex stability

A FUZZY MATCH BASED EXPERT SYSTEM FOR SYNTHESIS OF SEPARATION PROCESSES

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1996年第2期4卷 83-91页

作者：钱宇 kristian M. Lien Department of Chemical Engineering NTH Trondheim University Trondheim N-7034 Norway

A predictive parallel search algorithm,the fuzzy match inference strategy,is implemented ina prototype expert *** of separation technologies and sequencing of separators are beingapproached in an integrated *** fuzzy match mechanism results in a relatively smaller subsetof favored schemes,constituting a hyperstructure for further quantitative evaluation and *** industrial application example of aromatics extraction separation is presented.

关键词： separation process synthesis expert system fuzzy set knowledge base

Disaster Knowledge Gaps: Exploring the Interface Between Science and Policy for Disaster Risk Reduction in Europe

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Kristoffer Albris kristian Cedervall Lauta Emmanuel Raju Department of Anthropology Faculty of Social Scienceand COPE–Copenhagen Center for Disaster ResearchUniversity of Copenhagen1353 CopenhagenDenmark Center for International Law Conflict and CrisisFaculty of Lawand COPE–Copenhagen Center for Disaster ResearchUniversity of Copenhagen2300 CopenhagenDenmark Global Health Section Faculty of Health and Medical Scienceand COPE–Copenhagen Center for Disaster ResearchUniversity of Copenhagen1353 CopenhagenDenmark African Centre for Disaster Studies Unit for Environmental Sciences and ManagementNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2531South Africa

Expert scientific knowledge is fast becoming an integral part of disaster management, and, in the process, is changing the role of science for the reduction of disaster risks at the policy level. Yet science and policy operate in different domains between which there are often competing interests and modes of valuing knowledge. Based on research done as part of the research project Enhancing Synergies for Disaster Prevention in the European Union(ESPREssO), we discuss three major issues facing European Union member states with respect to the interface between science and policy for disaster risk reduction:knowledge transfer, disaster expertise, and risk *** doing so, we hone in on three gaps: an epistemological gap, an institutional gap, and a strategic gap. We argue that these gaps can help explain underlying systematic challenges for the integration between science and policy for disaster risk reduction. These gaps need to be addressed by focusing on changes at the governance level.

关键词： Disaster governance Disaster risk reduction Europe Knowledge sharing Risk expertise Science-policy interface

Using coloured roots to study root interaction and competition in intercropped legumes and non-legumes

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第3期3卷 191-199页

作者： Giacomo Tosti kristian Thorup-Kristensen Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of PerugiaBorgo XX Giugno 7406121 PerugiaItaly Department of Agriculture and Ecology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenHøjbakkegaards Alle 13DK-2630 TaastrupDenmark

Aims Root interactions between neighbour plants represent a fundamental aspect of the competitive dynamics in pure stand and mixed cropping *** comprehension of such phenomena places big methodological challenges,and still needs *** objectives of this work were(i)to test if a species with coloured roots can be used to examine the interaction in a legume-non-legume intercropping system;(ii)to verify the importance of initial root growth on the successive root development ofmixture component plants;(iii)to test if the root interaction in the shallowlayers has consequences for deep root growth and(iv)to compare the effect of intraspecific and interspecific competition on root development and biomass *** A detailed study on root growth and interaction was carried out using rhizotron tubes where two legume species were grown in pure stands or were intercropped with red beet,a variety of Beta vulgaris *** clear red *** the rhizotrons,the three species were grown either without competitors,with two plants of the same species to measure intraspecific competition or with one legume and one red beet plant to study interspecific *** use of mixtures where one component has clearly coloured roots,together with several scalar measurements of root depth and proliferation,allowed the measurement of the root system of each species when grown in the *** findings The use of rhizotron tubes coupled with species with coloured roots represented a valuable method to study the belowground interaction in mixed cropping *** initial root growth was a very important feature for the subsequent dominance of a species and it was not related to seed *** root growth was also important because the root interactions in the shallower soil layers were found to influence the root growth in deeper *** root system of the red beet showed much faster and deeper growth than that of the legumes,and made red beet

关键词： red beet root competition root interaction root proliferation rhizotron

Exploring Saussure’s Analogy between Linguistic and Monetary Signs

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2022年第1期8卷 114-122页

作者： kristian Bankov New Bulgarian University Bulgaria

Beginning with a few of Saussure’s ideas from Course of General Linguistics;the author tracks the development of money as signs fulfilling their pecuniary *** principle of the arbitrariness of linguistic signs,postulated in Course,is the leading concept under which all forms of money are grouped for *** its evolution from the primitive consumable forms such as salt,leather and grain to the last abstract forms of accountable digital writing,the money sign is increasing its level of arbitrariness between signifier and signified value and thus becomes “better for thinking” (Levy-Strauss) and *** second part of the paper considers the main contributions to the field of semiotics pertaining to money and economic value,and thus highlights the originality of the model,in which the arbitrariness of monetary signs and the scarcity of money tokens in circulation form the model’s *** author’s analysis,applying the dyadic sign,reveals the relationship between the value or meaning of a monetary sign and the temporal dimension of our *** article concludes with some hypotheses about the homology between the primordial finitude of human temporality (Heidegger) and the principle of scarcity/finitude of money in circulation as a condition of their value.

关键词： arbitrariness money sign fungibility scarcity sign production