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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期13卷 329-338页

作者： Giulio Gorgolini Alessandro Caterini Lorenzo Nicotra Fernando De Maio kristian efremov Pasquale Farsetti Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine University of Rome Tor VergataSection of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyTor Vergata HospitalRome 00133Italy

BACKGROUND Surgical correction of femoral deformities in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia(PFD)or McCune-Albright syndrome(MAS),such as coxa vara or shepherd’s crook deformity,is a *** To evaluate the treatment of patients with femoral deformities caused by PDF or MAS treated by osteotomies and stabilized with different methods,by analyzing the most relevant studies on the *** A literature search was performed in Medline database(PubMed).Articles were screened for patients affected by PFD or MAS surgically managed by osteotomies and stabilized with different *** The initial search produced 184 studies,with 15 fulfilling the eligibility criteria of our *** articles(1987-2019)included 111 patients overall(136 femurs).CONCLUSION Based on our results,the preferred method to stabilize corrective osteotomies is intramedullary nailing with neck cross *** the deformity is limited to the proximal part of the femur,a screw or blade plate may be used,although there is a high risk of fracture below the *** the femur is entirely involved,a two-stage procedure may be considered.

关键词： Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia McCune-Albright syndrome Coxa vara Shepherd’s crook deformity Femoral osteotomy Intramedullary nailing

Cancer-associated fibroblasts express CD1d and activate invariant natural killer T cells under cellular stress

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 91-94页

作者： Shengduo Pei Jonas Sjölund Yueyun Pan kristian Pietras Mikael C.I.Karlsson Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Division of Translational Cancer Research Department of Laboratory MedicineLund University Cancer CentreLund UniversityLundSweden

Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are part of the family of unconventional T cells,and they recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the MHC class I like molecule CD1^([1]).In humans there are five CD1 molecules named CD1a to CD1e,whereas mice use only CD1d for lipid ***,iNKT cells can elicit both cytotoxicity similarly to conventional CD8 T cells and secrete cytokines that influence the adaptive immune response including providing direct T cell help to B cells^([2]).In the context of tumors,they can use both release of granzyme B and use Fas-mediated mechanisms for killing of tumor *** iNKT cells use a restricted TCR repertoire and CD1 molecules are non-heterogenous the risk of graft vs host disease is limited and thus these T cells have been an attractive option for off the shelf immunotherapy to treat cancer^([3]).

关键词： killer CD1d Cancer

Cellulose synthesis in land plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 359-361页

作者： Gustav B.Pedersen Leonard Blaschek kristian E.H.Frandsen Lise C.Noack Staffan Persson 不详

After the original publication of the above article,we and/or attentive readers identified several instances of unclear or erroneous writing that needed correcting,as *** are added for emphasis.

关键词： synthesis instance identif

Austrian syndrome:Resurgence of an old and deadly triad

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 261-264页

作者： kristian Rivera Dolors Viles Marta Zielonka Carlos Izurieta Tania Ramírez Martínez Diego Menéndez Department of Cardiology University Hospital Arnau de VilanovaInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida(IRBLleida)LleidaSpain

Introduction The Gram-positive bacterium,Streptococcus pneumoniae(***),often colonizes the nasopharynx;however,it is one of the major microorganisms that cause pneumonia and meningitis.[[1],[2],[3]]It presents several virulence factors,such as surface proteins and enzymes,pneumolysin toxin,and a polysaccharide capsule,which is mainly responsible for the immune response;the capsule also facilitates classification of the bacterium into several serotypes.[1,2]In vulnerable individuals,the bacterium may lead to the development of invasive pneumococcal disease(IPD),which is defined as an infection of normally sterile locations.

关键词： capsule sterile infection

Data-driven discovery of 2D materials by deep generative models

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2218-2225页

作者： Peder Lyngby kristian Sommer Thygesen Computational Atomic-scale Materials Design(CAMD) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Efficient algorithms to generate candidate crystal structures with good stability properties can play a key role in data-driven materials ***,we show that a crystal diffusion variational autoencoder(CDVAE)is capable of generating two-dimensional(2D)materials of high chemical and structural diversity and formation energies mirroring the training ***,we train the CDVAE on 26152D materials with energy above the convex hullΔH_(hull)<0.3 eV/atom,and generate 5003 materials that we relax using density functional theory(DFT).We also generate 14192 new crystals by systematic element substitution of the training *** find that the generative model and lattice decoration approach are complementary and yield materials with similar stability properties but very different crystal structures and chemical *** total we find 11630 predicted new 2D materials,where 8599 of these haveΔH_(hull)<0.3 eV/atom as the seed structures,while 2004 are within 50 meV of the convex hull and could potentially be *** relaxed atomic structures of all the materials are available in the open Computational 2D Materials Database(C2DB).Our work establishes the CDVAE as an efficient and reliable crystal generation machine,and significantly expands the space of 2D materials.

关键词： crystal convex stability

Exploring Saussure’s Analogy between Linguistic and Monetary Signs

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2022年第1期8卷 114-122页

作者： kristian Bankov New Bulgarian University Bulgaria

Beginning with a few of Saussure’s ideas from Course of General Linguistics;the author tracks the development of money as signs fulfilling their pecuniary *** principle of the arbitrariness of linguistic signs,postulated in Course,is the leading concept under which all forms of money are grouped for *** its evolution from the primitive consumable forms such as salt,leather and grain to the last abstract forms of accountable digital writing,the money sign is increasing its level of arbitrariness between signifier and signified value and thus becomes “better for thinking” (Levy-Strauss) and *** second part of the paper considers the main contributions to the field of semiotics pertaining to money and economic value,and thus highlights the originality of the model,in which the arbitrariness of monetary signs and the scarcity of money tokens in circulation form the model’s *** author’s analysis,applying the dyadic sign,reveals the relationship between the value or meaning of a monetary sign and the temporal dimension of our *** article concludes with some hypotheses about the homology between the primordial finitude of human temporality (Heidegger) and the principle of scarcity/finitude of money in circulation as a condition of their value.

关键词： arbitrariness money sign fungibility scarcity sign production

Quantum point defects in 2D materials-the QPOD database

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 532-547页

作者： Fabian Bertoldo Sajid Ali Simone Manti kristian S.Thygesen CAMD Computational Atomic-Scale Materials DesignDepartment of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials are ideal host systems for quantum defects as they offer easier characterisation,manipulation and read-out of defect states as compared to bulk *** we introduce the Quantum Point Defect(QPOD)database with more than 1900 defect systems comprising various charge states of 503 intrinsic point defects(vacancies and antisites)in 82 different 2D semiconductors and *** Atomic Simulation Recipes(ASR)workflow framework was used to perform density functional theory(DFT)calculations of defect formation energies,charge transition levels,Fermi level positions,equilibrium defect and carrier concentrations,transition dipole moments,hyperfine coupling,and zero-field *** states and photoluminescence spectra were calculated for selected high-spin *** this paper we describe the calculations and workflow behind the QPOD database,present an overview of its content,and discuss some general trends and correlations in the *** analyse the degree of defect tolerance as well as intrinsic dopability of the host materials and identify promising defects for quantum technological *** database is freely available and can be browsed via a web-app interlinked with the Computational 2D Materials Database(C2DB).

关键词： database Quantum point

A combined IR and XRD study of natural well crystalline goethites(α-FeOOH)

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第5期41卷 794-810页

作者： Stephan Kaufhold kristian Ufer Melanie Hein Niko Gotze Reiner Dohrmann Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe BGRStilleweg 230655 HannoverGermany Landesamt fur Bergbau Energie und GeologieLBEGStilleweg 230655 HannoverGermany

Goethite(a-FeOOH)is one of the most abundant minerals on the Earth surface,occurring in temperate,tropical and equatorial *** in goethite can be substituted by many cations such as Al,Ni for instance.A large amount of research has been conducted on the effect of varying elemental compositions(mainly Al-content)on the spectral features of goethites with most of the studies based on materials synthesized with different elemental *** different elemental ratios,however,may not only affect the composition of the products but also their crystallinity and/or particle size and *** parameters are known to affect results of both X-ray diffraction(XRD)and infrared spectroscopy(IR).These methods are predominantely used to characterize *** the present study,therefore,a significant set of natural goethites was considered in order to investigate the effect of elemental composition on XRD and IR *** focus was on crystallised samples which had a limited chemical variability but artefacts caused by the presence of admixtures could be excluded in most *** of all Rietveld refinement was optimized based on varying different parameters.A fairly good correlation of Rietveld derived crystallite sizes and specific surface area determined by N-adsorption(SSA)was found which proves the importance of considering the crystallite size parameters for Rietveld refinement and at the same times proves the quality of *** IR spectroscopy yet published relations of band position and Al-content could be confirmed despite the fact that the range of Al-contents was ***,the band position of the Fe–O stretching,previously used as proxy for crystallinity assessment,was found to be least variable hence contradicting yet published *** results were also published for the effect of the Al-content on the position of the asymmetric FeOH stretching band at 450 *** goethites investigated in the present study indicate that the crystall

关键词： Crystallinity Goethite IR-spectrometry X-ray diffraction XRD rietveld refinement Characterization

Three-dimensional crystal plasticity and HR-EBSD analysis of the local stress-strain fields induced during twin propagation and thickening in magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 657-670页

作者： Filip Siska Daria Drozdenko kristian Mathis Jan Cizek Tingting Guo Matthew Barnett Institute of Physics of Materials The Czech Academy of SciencesZizkova 513/22Brno 61662Czech Republic Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Prague 12116Czech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics The Czech Academy of SciencesZa Slovankou 1782/3Prague 18200Czech Republic Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin UniversityGeelongVictoria 3216Australia

Present work focuses on analysis of the stress and strain fields inside and around the individual {10–12} twin in magnesium alloy. The 3D crystal plasticity model represents twin as an ellipsoidal inclusion surrounded by the matrix. Five different twin thicknesses and three different lateral twin lengths are used for stress/strain analysis. The simulations are complemented with experimental observations using high-resolution electron backscattered diffraction. The simulations and experiments show a similar distribution of the shear stress and the spatial activity of individual slip systems(basal, prismatic, pyramidal). Plasticity induced inside the twin is dominantly caused by the prismatic dislocations slip and does not influence twin back stress which is identical to pure elastic twin. The twin with larger lateral dimension requires lower equilibrium stress which suggests anisotropic twin propagation and increased thickness of such twins. The lateral twin propagation is mostly influenced by prismatic and pyramidal slip in the twin vicinity. The twin thickness can reach a maximal level that is driven by the critical resolved shear stress values for dislocation slip with the significant influence of basal slip.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Twinning FEM Crystal plasticity HR-EBSD

Two-dimensional ferroelectrics from high throughput computational screening

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1901-1911页

作者： Mads Kruse Urko Petralanda Morten N.Gjerding Karsten W.Jacobsen kristian S.Thygesen Thomas Olsen CAMD Department of PhysicsTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark

We report a high throughput computational search for two-dimensional ferroelectric *** starting point is 252 pyroelectric materials from the computational 2D materials database(C2DB)and from these we identify 63 *** particular we find 49 materials with in-plane polarization,8 materials with out-of-plane polarization and 6 materials with coupled in-plane and out-of-plane *** of the known 2D ferroelectrics are recovered by the screening and the far majority of the predicted ferroelectrics are known as bulk van der Waals bonded compounds,which makes them accessible by direct *** roughly 25%of the materials we find a metastable state in the non-polar structure,which may imply a first order transition to the polar ***,we list the magnetic pyroelectrics extracted from the C2DB and focus on the case of VAgP2Se6,which exhibits a three-state switchable polarization vector that is strongly coupled to the magnetic excitation spectrum.

关键词： materials polarization plane