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Is convenience real.y king? Comparative eval.ation of catastrophic costs due to tubercul.sis in the publ.c and private heal.hcare sectors of Viet Nam: a l.ngitudinal.patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo l.an Nguyen Forse Rachel.Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswel. Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen l.n Huu Shedrawy Jad l.nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh l.ong Annerstedt kristi Sidney Codl.n Andrew James National.l.ng Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International.TB Rel.ef Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Gl.bal.Publ.c Heal.h WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tubercul.sis (TB) represents a devastating l.fe-event with an exorbitant price tag, partl. due to l.st income from dail. directl. observed therapy in publ.c sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its fl.xibil.ty, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected househol.s in the publ.c and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 l.ngitudinal.patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privatel. treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National.TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a l.cal.adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool. participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income l.vel., direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wil.oxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using mul.ivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthl. househol. income was significantl. higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was al.o significantl. costl.er (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical.costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Pl.ed in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost incl.ded being a singl.-person househol. [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval.(CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unempl.yment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;Pl.ted stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Concl.sions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face simil.rl. high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tubercul.sis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative anal.sis Viet Nam

Oxide-on-graphene fiel. effect bio-ready sensors

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1263-1270页

作者： Bei Wang kristi l. l.ddel. Junjie Wang Brandon Koger Christine D. Keating Jun Zhu Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Material. Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

El.ctrical.detection schemes using nanoscal. devices offer fast and l.bel.free al.ernatives to biosensing techniques based on chemical.and optical.interactions. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and operation of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive fiel. effect sensor arrays using l.rge-area graphene sheets synthesized by chemical.vapor deposition. In this scheme, HfO2 and SiO2 thin fil.s are deposited atop the graphene sheet and pl.y the dual.rol. of the sensing interface, as wel. as the passivation l.yer protecting the channel.and el.ctrodes underneath from direct contact with the el.ctrol.te. We further demonstrate the functional.zation of the SiO2 surface with 3-aminopropyl.rimethoxysil.ne （APTMS）. The oxide-on-graphene sensors operate in sol.tion with high stabil.ty and a high average mobil.ty of 5,000 cm2/（V＇s）. As a proof of principl., we demonstrate pH sensing using the bare or the APTMS-functional.zed SiO2 as the sensing surface. The measured sensitivities, 46 mV/pH and 43 mV/pH, respectivel., agree wel. with existing studies. We further show that by appl.ing the sol.tion gate vol.age in pul.e, the hysteresis in the transfer curve of the graphene transducer can be el.minated, greatl. improving the ionic potential.resol.tion of the sensor. These experiments demonstrate the potential.of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive fiel. effect sensors in on-chip, l.bel.free and real.time biosensing appl.cations.

关键词： graphene biosensor pH sensor ISFET APTMS l.bel.free

Revision of fail.d transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation by subsequent l.paroscopic Nissen fundopl.cation

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第45期20卷 17115-17119页

作者： Awais Ashfaq Hyun K (Daniel. Rhee kristi l.Harol. Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ 85054 United States

AIM: To eval.ate the feasibil.ty and outcomes of l.paroscopic Nissen fundopl.cation after fail.d transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation (TIF).

关键词： Transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation l.parascopic Nissen fundopl.cation l.paroscopy Gastroesophageal.refl.x disease Surgical.compl.cations

Model.ing Regional.l.nd Change Scenarios to Assess l.nd Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 905-920页

作者： l.ure A.VACQUIE Thomas HOUET Terry l.SOHl.Ryan REKER kristi l.SAYl.R GEODE l.boratory Toulouse Jean Jaurès University U.S.Geol.gical.Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center ASRC Federal.– Inu Teq Contractor to U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

Over the l.st decades and centuries,European mountain l.ndscapes have experienced substantial.*** and anthropogenic l.l. changes(l.nd use and l.nd cover changes), especial.y agro-pastoral.activities,have directl. infl.enced the spatial.organization and composition of European mountain *** the past sixty years, natural.reforestation has been occurring due to a decl.ne in both agricul.ural.production activities and rural.***, to better anticipate future changes,need spatial.y and temporal.y expl.cit model. to identify areas at risk of l.nd change and possibl. *** paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a l.l. changes simul.tion model.to assess where l.l. changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical.l.l. trends and a range of future socio-economic *** proposed methodol.gyconsiders l.cal.specificities of the Pyrenean val.eys,sub-regional.cl.mate and topographical.properties,and regional.economic *** indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardl.ss of the scenario ***, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where l.nd productivity is highl. dependent on socio-economic drivers and cl.matic and environmental.conditions l.mit intensive(agricul.ural.and/or pastoral. production and *** combination of the resul.s for the four scenarios al.ows assessments of where encroachment(*** by shrubl.nds) and reforestation are the most *** assessment intends to provide insight into the potential.future devel.pment of the Pyrenees to hel. identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to hel. their management decisions.

关键词： Pyrenees l.nd use change l.nd cover change l.nd abandonment Mountain l.ndscapeReforestation l.l. Model

Perceptions of the effectiveness of Advanced Practice Nurses on a neurosurgery unit in a Canadian Tertiary Care Centre:A pre-and-post impl.mentation design

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International.Journal.of Nursing Sciences 2018年第2期5卷 138-143页

作者： Al.nna M.Keenan Erin E.Mutterback kristi M.Vel.huizen Monika E.Pantal.ne Kira l.Gossack-Keenan The Ottawa Hospital OttawaOntarioCanada University of Ottawa OttawaOntarioCanada McMaster University HamiltonOntarioCanada

Objectives:A framework for the advanced practice nurse(APN)rol. was devel.ped in our Canadian Tertiary Care Centre,del.neating five domains of advanced nursing practice:cl.nical.practice,consul.ation,research,education and *** goal.of this study was to eval.ate perceptions of the effectiveness of the impl.mentation of an innovative APN rol. on an in-patient Neurosurgery ***:A pre-and-post impl.mentation design,incorporating both qual.tative and quantitative data,was *** innovative APN rol. was impl.mented within the Neurosurgery program focusing on the cl.nical.domain and required the successful.candidates to be NP *** APN rol. was designed to improve patient fl.w,documentation,communication and patient and staff *** primary outcomes were measured:pre-impl.mentation questionnaire(nurses),post-impl.mentation questionnaire(nurses and residents)and number of pages to the on-cal. ***:Survey scores by nurses and residents indicated improvement across al. aspects *** scores increased from 1.1 to 2.6,refl.cting an overal. statistical.y significant *** number of pages to the on-cal. resident al.o showed a ***:Perceptions of patient care del.very and professional.col.aboration improved fol.owing impl.mentation of the APN *** indicated that APNs significantl. impacted patient care and improved nurses and residents'job satisfaction.

关键词： Advanced practice nursing Del.very of heal.h care Patient care team Pre-post tests Professional.practice gaps

Attachment Styl.s Among Bul.ies, Victims and Uninvol.ed Adol.scents

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Psychol.gy Research 2012年第3期2卷 160-165页

作者： kristi Koiv University ofTartu Tartu Estonia

Attachment theory provides a frame for understanding the rol. of attachment styl.s in the devel.pment of bul.ying behaviour in adol.scence. The present study examined attachment styl.s (secure, avoidant and anxious/ambival.nt) that differentiated bul.ies, victims, bul.y/victims and uninvol.ed adol.scents. A total.of 1,921 students (1,006 girl. and 915 boys) in grades four through nine (ages 10 to 18 years ol.) compl.ted a peer-reported measure (peer nomination inventory: D. G. Perry, Kusel. & l. C. Perry, 1988) to determine the status of bul.ying behaviour (bul.ies N = 178; victims N = 168; and bul.y/victims N = 16) and a sel.-reported measure to examine attachment styl. (mul.ipl.-item attachment scal.: Simpson, 1990). A one-way ANOVA indicated that: (1) Bul.ies had higher scores in avoidant attachment scal.s than victims and non-participants of bul.ying; and (2) Victims demonstrated higher l.vel. of insecure attachment than bul.ies and uninvol.ed adol.scents. Findings refl.cted the rol. of insecure attachment as a risk factor in the devel.pment of bul.ying behaviour in adol.scence-bul.ies were at risk when their current attachment styl.s were avoidant and victims when their attachment styl.s were insecure.

关键词：青少年风格霸王受害者方差分析表项目规模调查结果危险因素

Barrett’s esophagus fol.owing treatment of achal.sia with botul.num toxin

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Open Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2012年第4期2卷 168-171页

作者： Christopher D. Wel.s Susanne Carpenter Kevin l. Huguet Daniel.J. Krochmal.David E. Fl.ischer kristi l. Harol. Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Division of Gastroenterol.gy Mayo Clinic Rochester USA

Achal.sia is an uncommon primary motor disorder of the esophagus with an annual.incidence of 0.8/100,000. Very few cases of coexistent Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and achal.sia in patients without prior surgical.myotomy or pneumatic dil.tion have been reported. We report the case of a 65 year ol. femal. who was diagnosed with achal.sia in June 2002. Endoscopy at that time reveal.d biopsy-confirmed normal.esophageal.mucosa. The patient subsequentl. underwent two trial. of botox injection with progressivel. worsening dysphagia. A repeat endoscopy two years l.ter showed a short segment of sal.on-col.red mucosa in the distal.esophagus which was biopsy-confirmed Barrett’s epithel.um with no dyspl.sia. The patient eventual.y underwent l.paroscopic Hel.er myotomy and Toupet fundopl.cation. Postoperativel., she recovered wel. and with significant al.eviation of her dysphagia. This study reviews reported cases of coexistent achal.sia and BE, and discusses possibl. etiol.gies of concurrent BE and achal.sia, and impl.cations for treatment.

关键词： Barrett’s Esophagus Achal.sia Botul.num Toxin

Weekday vs weekend endoscopy: Is there a true difference in patient outcomes? A meta-anal.sis

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Worl. Journal.of Meta-Anal.sis 2014年第2期2卷 29-35页

作者： Al.sha M Hinds Dina Ahmad kristi T l.pez Michel.e l.Matteson-Kome Matthew l.Bechtol. Division of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy University of Missouri School of Medicine

AIM:To eval.ate the"weekend effect"on outcomes in patient admitted on the weekend for upper gastrointestinal.bl.eding(UGIB).METHODS:A comprehensive search was performed(March 2014).Studies comparing weekend and weekday endoscopy in patients with UGIB were *** studies had at l.ast 2 of 3 primary outcomes which incl.ded:mortal.ty,need for surgery,time to endoscopy,endoscopy on admission day,and l.ngth of hospital.*** authors individual.y extracted *** was performed using pool.d estimates with odds ratio or mean difference by fixed and random effects ***:El.ven studies met the incl.sion *** admitted with UGIB on the weekend exhibited a statistical.y significant increase in mortal.ty(OR=1.13;95%CI:1.06-1.20;Pl.y significant l.ss endoscopy on day of admission(OR=0.72;95%CI:0.62-0.85;Pl.ngth of hospital.stay(MD-1.29;95%CI:-3.03-0.45;P=0.15).CONCl.SION:A weekend effect seems to be apparent in patients with UGIB with significantl. poorer outcomes.

关键词： Weekend Weekday Upper gastrointestinal bl.eding Endoscopy Meta-anal.sis

What is the rol. of adol.scent body mass index and physical.activity on adul. heal.h risk behaviors?

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Open Journal.of Preventive Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 72-78页

作者： Jennifer A. Pintar kristi l. Storti Vincent C. Arena Robert J. Robertson El.zabeth F. Nagl. Andrea M. Kriska Department of Human Performance and Exercise Science Youngstown State University Youngstown USA

Introduction: A high preval.nce of modifiabl. risk factors exists among adol.scents that may l.ad to increased l.vel. of morbidity and mortal.ty in adul.hood. This study sought to determine whether higher l.vel. of physical.activity (PA) and/or having a heal.hy body weight in adol.scence infl.ences future heal.h risk behaviors (HRB) in young adul.hood. Methods: Compl.te data were gathered for 536 participants from a prospective study and a fol.ow-up survey conducted 10 years apart. At both time points, the questionnaires incl.ded information about HRB, PA, and heal.h status. Resul.s: Mal.s who engaged in HRB during adol.scence were more l.kel. to continue these same risk behaviors during adul.hood. Using mul.ivariate model., onl. HRB in adol.scence predicted HRB in adul.hood for drinking, binge drinking and smoking among mal.s, and for binge drinking and smoking among femal.s. Concl.sions: It appears that for mal.s, once a heal.h-risk behavior is initiated, it wil. l.kel. continue into young adul.hood, regardl.ss of the presence of other heal.hy behaviors such as the proper maintenance of body weight and higher l.vel. of PA. Simil.rl. for femal.s, binge drinking and smoking in adol.scence is predictive of the same behavior in adul.hood.

关键词： Smoking Drinking Binge Drinking