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Barrett’s esophagus following treatment of achalasia with botulinum toxin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第4期2卷 168-171页

作者： Christopher D. Wells Susanne Carpenter Kevin l. Huguet Daniel J. Krochmal David E. Fleischer kristi l. harold Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Division of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic Rochester USA

Achalasia is an uncommon primary motor disorder of the esophagus with an annual incidence of 0.8/100,000. Very few cases of coexistent Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and achalasia in patients without prior surgical myotomy or pneumatic dilation have been reported. We report the case of a 65 year old female who was diagnosed with achalasia in June 2002. Endoscopy at that time revealed biopsy-confirmed normal esophageal mucosa. The patient subsequently underwent two trials of botox injection with progressively worsening dysphagia. A repeat endoscopy two years later showed a short segment of salmon-colored mucosa in the distal esophagus which was biopsy-confirmed Barrett’s epithelium with no dysplasia. The patient eventually underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Toupet fundoplication. Postoperatively, she recovered well and with significant alleviation of her dysphagia. This study reviews reported cases of coexistent achalasia and BE, and discusses possible etiologies of concurrent BE and achalasia, and implications for treatment.

关键词： Barrett’s Esophagus Achalasia Botulinum Toxin

Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 17-28页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen lan Huu Shedrawy Jad l?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh luong Annerstedt kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Plted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;Plated stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

Barrett’s esophagus following treatment of achalasia with botulinum toxin

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Modelling Regional land Change Scenarios to Assess land Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

Open Journal of Gastroenterology（肠胃病学期刊） 2012年第4期

作者： Christopher D. Wells Susanne Carpenter Kevin l. Huguet Daniel J. Krochmal David E. Fleischer kristi l. harold

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 905-920页

作者： laure A.VACQUIE Thomas HOUET Terry l.SOHl Ryan REKER kristi l.SAYlER GEODE laboratory Toulouse Jean Jaurès University U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center ASRC Federal – Inu Teq Contractor to U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

Over the last decades and centuries,European mountain landscapes have experienced substantial *** and anthropogenic lUlC changes(land use and land cover changes), especially agro-pastoral activities,have directly influenced the spatial organization and composition of European mountain *** the past sixty years, natural reforestation has been occurring due to a decline in both agricultural production activities and rural ***, to better anticipate future changes,need spatially and temporally explicit models to identify areas at risk of land change and possible *** paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a lUlC changes simulation model to assess where lUlC changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical lUlC trends and a range of future socio-economic *** proposed methodologyconsiders local specificities of the Pyrenean valleys,sub-regional climate and topographical properties,and regional economic *** indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardless of the scenario ***, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where land productivity is highly dependent on socio-economic drivers and climatic and environmental conditions limit intensive(agricultural and/or pastoral) production and *** combination of the results for the four scenarios allows assessments of where encroachment(*** by shrublands) and reforestation are the most *** assessment intends to provide insight into the potential future development of the Pyrenees to help identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to help their management decisions.

关键词： Pyrenees land use change land cover change land abandonment Mountain landscapeReforestation lUlC Model

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Oxide-on-graphene field effect bio-ready sensors

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1263-1270页

作者： Bei Wang kristi l. liddell Junjie Wang Brandon Koger Christine D. Keating Jun Zhu Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Electrical detection schemes using nanoscale devices offer fast and label-free alternatives to biosensing techniques based on chemical and optical interactions. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and operation of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensor arrays using large-area graphene sheets synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. In this scheme, HfO2 and SiO2 thin films are deposited atop the graphene sheet and play the dual role of the sensing interface, as well as the passivation layer protecting the channel and electrodes underneath from direct contact with the electrolyte. We further demonstrate the functionalization of the SiO2 surface with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane （APTMS）. The oxide-on-graphene sensors operate in solution with high stability and a high average mobility of 5,000 cm2/（V＇s）. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate pH sensing using the bare or the APTMS-functionalized SiO2 as the sensing surface. The measured sensitivities, 46 mV/pH and 43 mV/pH, respectively, agree well with existing studies. We further show that by applying the solution gate voltage in pulse, the hysteresis in the transfer curve of the graphene transducer can be eliminated, greatly improving the ionic potential resolution of the sensor. These experiments demonstrate the potential of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensors in on-chip, label-free and real-time biosensing applications.

关键词： graphene biosensor pH sensor ISFET APTMS label-free

Role of seed size, phenology, oogenesis and host distribution in the specificity and genetic structure of seed weevils (Curculio spp.) in mixed forests

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 267-279页

作者： harold ARIAS-lEClAIRE Raúl BONAl Daniel GARCÍA-lÓPEZ Josep Maria ESPElTA CREAF Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry ApplicationsCerdanyola del Vallès08193Spain Exact and Natural Sciences School State Distance University of Costa RicaUNEDMercedes de Montes de OcaSan JoséCosta Rica Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Zoology Department Autonomous University of BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain

Synchrony between seed growth and oogenesis is suggested to largely shape trophic breadth of seed-feeding insects and ultimately to contribute to their co-existence by means of resource partitioning or in the time when infestation *** we investigated:(i)the role of seed phenology and sexual maturation of females in the host specificity of seed-feeding weevils(Curculio spp.)predating in hazel and oak mixed forests;and(ii)the consequences that trophic breadth and host distribution have in the genetic structure of the weevil *** analyses were used to establish unequivocally host specificity and to determine the population genetic *** identified 4 species with different specificity,namely Curculio nucum females matured earlier and infested a unique host(hazelnuts,Corylus avellana)while 3 species(Curculio venosus,Curculio glandium and Curculio elephas)predated upon the acorns of the 2 oaks(Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens).The high specificity of *** coupled with a more discontinuous distribution of hazel trees resulted in a significant genetic structure among *** addition,the presence of an excess of local rare haplotypes indicated that *** populations went through genetic expansion after recent ***,these effects were not observed in the more generalist Curculio glandium predating upon ***,co-existence of weevil species in this multi-host-parasite system is influenced by both resource and time *** what extent the restriction in gene flow among *** populations may have negative consequences for their persistence in a time of increasing disturbances(*** in Mediterranean areas)deserves further research.

关键词： Corylus avellana Curculio spp. genetic structure Quercus spp. trophic breadth

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Risk factors, screening, and early detection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11182-11198页

作者： Andrew E Becker Yasmin G Hernandez harold Frucht Aimee l lucas Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029 United States Division of Digestive and liver Diseases Columbia University College New York NY 10032 United States

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with over 38000 deaths in 2013. The opportunity to detect pancreatic cancer while it is still curable is dependent on our ability to identify and screen high-risk populations before their symptoms arise. Risk factors for developing pancreatic cancer include multiple genetic syndromes as well as modifiable risk factors. Genetic conditions include hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, lynch Syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome, hereditary pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and ataxia-telangiectasia; having a genetic predisposition can raise the risk of developing pancreatic cancer up to 132-fold over the general population. Modifiable risk factors, which include tobacco exposure, alcohol use, chronic pancreatitis, diet, obesity, diabetes mellitus, as well as certain abdominal surgeries and infections, have also been shown to increase the risk of pancreatic cancer development. Several largevolume centers have initiated such screening protocols, and consensus-based guidelines for screening high-riskgroups have recently been published. The focus of this review will be both the genetic and modifiable risk factors implicated in pancreatic cancer, as well as a review of screening strategies and their diagnostic yields.

关键词： Pancreatic neoplasms Pancreas cancer screening Genetic predisposition to disease Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome lynch syndrome Peutz-Jeghers BRCA PAlB2 p16 Pancreatitis

Determinants of household catastrophic costs for drug sensitive tuberculosis patients in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第4期10卷 18-32页

作者： Beatrice Kirubi Jane Ong'angto Peter Nguhiu Knut lonnroth Aiban Rono kristi Sidney-Annerstedt Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Social Medicine StockholmSweden The Health and Social Protection Action Research&Knowledge Sharing Network(SPARKS) StockholmSweden Centre for Respiratory Disease Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya Health Economics Research Unit KEMRI-WellcomeTrust Research ProgramNairobiKenya Monitoring Evaluation&ResearchNational TuberculosisLeprosy and Lung Disease ProgramMinistry of HealthNairobiKenya

Background::Despite free diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis(TB),the costs during treatment impose a significant financial burden on patients and their *** study sought to identify the determinants for cata-strophic costs among patients with drug-sensitive TB(DSTB)and their households in ***::The data was collected during the 2017 Kenya national patient cost survey from a nationally representative sample(n=1071).Treatment related costs and productivity losses were *** costs exceeding 20%of household income were defined as catastrophic and used as the *** Poisson regression analysis was performed to measure the association between selected individual,household and disease characteristics and occurrence of catastrophic costs.A deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried using different thresholds and the significant predictors were ***::The proportion of catastrophic costs among DSTB patients was 27%(n=294).Patients with catastrophic costs had higher median productivity losses,39 h[interquartile range(IQR):20-104],and total median costs of USD 567(IQR:299-1144).The incidence of catastrophic costs had a dose response with household *** poorest quintile was 6.2 times[95%confidence intervals(CI):4.0-9.7]more likely to incur catastrophic costs compared to the *** prevalence of catastrophic costs decreased with increasing household expenditure quintiles(proportion of catastrophic costs:59.7%,32.9%,23.6%,15.9%,and 9.5%)from the lowest quintile(Q1)to the highest quintile(Q5).Other determinants included hospitalization:prevalence ratio(PR)=2.8(95%CI:1.8-4.5)and delayed treatment:PR=1.5(95%CI:1.3-1.7).Protective factors included receiving care at a public health facility:PR=0.8(95%CI:0.6-1.0),and a higher body mass index(BMI):PR=0.97(95%CI:0.96-0.98).Pre TB expenditure,hospitalization and BMI were significant predictors in all sensitivity analysis ***::There are signif

关键词： Tuberculosis Health expenditure Income loss Social protection Kenya

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Context-free Grammars for Triangular Arrays

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2015年第3期31卷 445-455页

作者： Robert X.J.HAO larry X.W.WANG harold R.l.YANG Center for Combinatorics LPMC-TJKLC Nankai University

We consider context-free grammars of the form G = {f → f^b1＋b2＋1g^a1＋a2, g → f^b1 g^a1＋1},where ai and bi are integers sub ject to certain positivity conditions. Such a grammar G gives rise to triangular arrays {T（n, k）}0≤k≤n satisfying a three-term recurrence relation. Many combinatorial sequences can be generated in this way. let Tn （x） =∑k=0^n T（n, k）x^k. Based on the differential operator with respect to G, we define a sequence of linear operators Pn such that Tn＋1（x） = Pn（Tn（x））. Applying the characterization of real stability preserving linear operators on the multivariate polynomials due to Borcea and Br？ndén, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the operator Pn to be real stability preserving for any n. As a consequence, we are led to a sufficient condition for the real-rootedness of the polynomials defined by certain triangular arrays, obtained by Wang and ***, as special cases we obtain grammars that lead to identities involving the Whitney numbers and the Bessel numbers.

关键词： Context-free grammar stable polynomials real-rootedness Bessel numbers Whitneynumbers

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