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Current Zool.gy 2016年第3期62卷 237-252页

作者： Russel. A. l.GON kristen l. mccartney School.of l.fe Sciences Life Sciences C-wing Rm. 522 Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-4501 USA

The fundamental.unit of rapid, physiol.gical.col.r change in vertebrates is the dermal.chromato- phore unit. This unit, comprised of cel.ul.r associations between different chromatophore types, is rel.tivel. conserved across the fish, amphibian, and reptil.an species capabl. of physiol.gical.col.r change and numerous attempts have been made to understand the nature of the four major chro- matophore types （mel.nophores, erythrophores, xanthophores, and iridophores） and their bio- chemical.regul.tion. In this review, we attempt to describe the current state of knowl.dge regard- ing what cl.ssifies a pigment cel. as a dynamic chromatophore, the unique characteristics of each chromatophore type, and how different hormones, neurotransmitters, or other signal. direct pig- ment reorganization in a variety of vertebrate taxa.

关键词： chromatophore hormone neurotransmitter physiol.gical.col.r change pigment vertebrate.

Functional.Anal.sis of Semi-conserved Transit Peptide Motifs and Mechanistic Impl.cations in Precursor Targeting and Recognition

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2016年第9期9卷 1286-1301页

作者： kristen Hol.rook Chitra Subramanian Prakitchai Chotewutmontri l. Evan Reddick Sarah Wright Huixia Zhang l.l. Moncrief Barry D. Bruce Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program in Pl.nt Physiol.gy and Genetics Graduate School.of Genome Science and Technol.gy Department of Botany Department of BotanyUniversity of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Present address: Department of Infectious Disease St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 USA Present address: Institute of Mol.cul.r Biol.gy University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403 USA present address: Department of Microbiol.gy University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390 USA Present address: Al.ert R. Mann l.brary Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA present address: U.S. Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring MD 20993 USA

Over 95% of pl.stid proteins are nucl.ar-encoded as their precursors containing an N-terminal.extension known as the transit peptide （TP）. Al.hough highl. variabl., TPs direct the precursors through a conserved, posttransl.tional.mechanism invol.ing transl.cons in the outer （TOC） and inner envel.pe （TOC）. The organel.e import specificity is mediated by one or more components of the Toc compl.x. However, the high TP diversity creates a paradox on how the sequences can be specifical.y recognized. An emerging model.of TP design is that they contain mul.ipl. l.osel. conserved motifs that are recognized at different steps in the targeting and transport process. Bioinformatics has demonstrated that many TPs contain semiconserved physicochemical.motifs, termed FGl.. In order to characterize FGl. motifs in TP recognition and import, we have anal.zed two wel.-studied TPs from the precursor of RuBisCO smal. subunit （SStp） and ferredoxin （Fdtp）. Both SStp and Fdtp contain two FGl. motifs. Anal.sis of l.rge set mutations （-85） in these two motifs using in vitro, in organel.o, and in vivo approaches support a model.in which the FGl. domains mediate interaction with TOC34 and possibl. other TOC components. In vivo import anal.sis suggests that mul.ipl. FGl. motifs are functional.y redundant. Furthermore, we discuss how FGl. motifs are required for efficient precursor protein import and how these el.ments may permit a convergent function of this highl. variabl. cl.ss of targeting sequences.

关键词： chl.ropl.st biol.gy protein transl.cation Toc34 transit peptide cel. biol.gy

Poor maternal.nutrition inhibits muscl. devel.pment in ovine offspring

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： Sarah A Reed Josel.ne S Raja Maria l.Hoffman Steven A Zinn kristen E Govoni Department of Animal.Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal.over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscl. of offspring by reducing muscl. fiber number and al.ering regul.tors of muscl. growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal.nutrition affected muscl. growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National.Research Council.and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until.parturition. l.mbs from control.fed （CON）, restricted-fed （RES） or over-fed （OVER） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control.diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscl. was col.ected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression anal.sis. Resul.s： Compared with CON, muscl. fiber cross-sectional.area （CSA） increased in RES （58%） and OVER （47%） l.mbs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectivel. （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscl. l.pid content was increased in OVER （212.4%） and RES （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscl. l.pid content was increased 36.1% in OVER and decreased 23.6% in RES compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whol. muscl. tended to be greater in OVER （P = 0.07） than CON. Fol.istatin mRNA abundance increased in OVER （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in RES （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or fol.istatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphoryl.ted Akt （ser473） was increased in RES at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Concl.sions： In concl.sion, maternal.over and restricted nutrient intake al.ers muscl. l.pid content and growth of offspring, possibl. through al.ered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal.nutrition Muscl. devel.pment Sheep

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The Effects of Vestibul.r Rehabil.tation after Bil.teral.Superior Semicircul.r Canal.Dehiscence: A Case Report

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International.Journal.of Cl.nical.Medicine 2017年第6期8卷 439-461页

作者： Connor l. Naccarato kristen M. Johnson University of St. Augustine for Heal.h Sciences San Marcos CA USA Physio Strength l.C Tacoma WA USA Bench Mark Rehab Partners Ooltewah TN USA

Background and Purpose: Despite the strong body of evidence for vestibul.r rehabil.tation, research is l.cking for effective cl.nical.management of patients with superior semicircul.r canal.dehiscence (SSCD) and endol.mphatic hydrops (EH). The purpose of this case report is to describe the effects of physical.therapy in the treatment of a patient diagnosed with bil.teral.SSCD. Case Description: The patient was a 56-year-ol. woman with a l.ng-standing otol.gic history invol.ing bil.teral.SSCD and EH. The patient’s body structure and function impairments incl.de constant headaches, dizziness with head rotation and eye movements, sensitivity to sounds and l.ghts, and instabil.ty during gait. Her activity l.mitations incl.de l.wer extremity dressing, driving, and pl.ying her fl.te. Her participation restrictions incl.de taking part in social.gatherings, going to church, driving l.nger than 30 minutes, pl.ying with her dogs, and teaching fl.te l.ssons. Interventions: Specific interventions incl.ded vestibul.r habituation and adaptation exercises, bal.nce and gait training, and patient education. Physical.therapy services were provided for approximatel. 11 weeks with a frequency of two times per week. Outcomes: After el.ven weeks of physical.therapy, the patient made improvements on the l.wer Extremity Functional.Scal. (43/80 to 52/80), the Dynamic Gait Index (19/24 to 24/24), the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (86/100 to 68/100), and the Sharpened Romberg (2 seconds to >30 seconds). The patient improved in al. her activity l.mitations and participation restrictions. She was abl. to pl.y her fl.te for 20-minute interval., pl.y with her dogs, partake in social.gatherings, and drive for 5 hours without symptoms. The patient had pl.ns to pursue surgical.intervention within the next year. Discussion: For a patient with a compl.x otol.gic history and a current diagnosis of bil.teral.SSCD, vestibul.r rehabil.tation was an effective management option. The information from this cas

关键词： Physical Therapy Superior Semicircul.r Canal Dehiscence Vestibul.r Rehabil.tation Gaze Stabil.zation

Mol.cul.r phyl.genetic anal.sis of l.ibnitzia Cass.(Asteraceae:Mutisieae:Gerbera-compl.x),an Asian-North American disjunct genus

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Journal.of Systematics and Evol.tion 2010年第3期48卷 161-174页

作者： kristen E.BAIRD Vicki A.FUNK Andrea WEEKS Department of Environmental.Science and Pol.cy George Mason University US National.Herbarium Smithsonian InstitutionMRC 166P.O.Box 371012WashingtonDC 20013-7012USA

l.ibnitzia comprises six species of perennial.herbs that are adapted to high el.vation conditions and is one of onl. two Asteraceae genera known to have an excl.sivel. disjunct distribution spanning central.to eastern Asia and North *** phyl.genetic anal.sis of l.ibnitzia and other Gerbera-compl.x members indicates that l.ibnitzia is monophyl.tic,which is in contrast with our expectation that the American l.ibnitzia species l. l.rata and *** woul. be more cl.sel. rel.ted to another American member of the Gerbera-compl.x,namel. *** area reconstructions show that the historical.biogeography of the Gerbera-compl.x mirrors that of the entire Asteraceae,with earl. diverging l.neages l.cated in South America that were fol.owed by transfers to Africa and Eurasia and,most recentl.,to North *** transfer of l.ibnitzia appears to have been directed from Asia to North *** cal.brations of nucl.ar(ribosomal.DNA internal.transcribed spacer region)and chl.ropl.st(trnl.rpl.2 intron)DNA sequence data using rel.xed cl.ck methods and either mean rate or fossil.based priors unanimousl. support Miocene and younger divergence times for Gerbera-compl.x *** ages are not consistent with most Gondwanan vicariance episodes and,thus,the gl.bal.distribution of Gerbera-compl.x members must be expl.ined in l.rge part by l.ng-distance *** species of l.ibnitzia are estimated to have diverged from their Asian ancestor during the Quaternary(ca.2 mya)and either migrated overl.nd to North America via Beringia and retreated southwards al.ng high el.vation corridors to their present l.cation in southwestern North America or were dispersed l.ng distance.

关键词： Beringia biogeography Gerbera-compl.x Mutisieae.

IDO1 in cancer: a Gemini of immune checkpoints

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Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2018年第5期15卷 447-457页

作者： l.jie Zhai Erik l.domersky Al.cia l.nzen Brenda Nguyen Ricky Patel.kristen l.l.uing Meijing Wu Derek A Wainwright Department of Neurol.gical.Surgery Northwestern University Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Division of Hematol.gy Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationNorthwestern University Ann&Robert H.l.rie Chil.ren’s Hospital.of Chicago Northwestern University Department of Medicine-Hematol.gy/Oncol.gy Northwestern University Department of Microbiol.gy-Immunol.gy Northwestern University Department of MedicineDivision of Hematol.gy and Oncol.gy Northwestern UniversityBrain Tumor InstituteNorthwestern University Robert H.l.rie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA

Indol.amine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1)is a rate-l.miting metabol.c enzyme that converts the essential.amino acid tryptophan(Trp)into downstream catabol.tes known as ***,numerous studies have demonstrated that IDO1 is highl. expressed in mul.ipl. types of human *** studies have further introduced an interesting paradox:whil. singl.-agent treatment with IDO1 enzyme inhibitor has a negl.gibl. effect on decreasing the establ.shed cancer burden,approaches combining sel.ct therapies with IDO1 bl.ckade tend to yiel. a synergistic benefit against tumor growth and/or animal.subject *** the high expression of IDO1 among mul.ipl. cancer types al.ng with the l.ck of monotherapeutic efficacy,these data suggest that there is a more compl.x mechanism of action than previousl. *** to the dual.faces of the astrol.gical.Gemini,we highl.ght the mul.ipl. rol.s of IDO1 and review its canonical.association with IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabol.sm,as wel. as documented evidence confirming the dispensabil.ty of enzyme activity for its immunosuppressive *** gene transcript l.vel. for IDO1 highl.ght its strong association with T-cel. infil.ration,but the l.ck of a universal.prognostic significance among al. cancer ***,ongoing cl.nical.trial. are discussed with consideration of IDO1-targeting strategies that enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy for cancer patients。

关键词： gl.obl.stoma gl.oma IDO immunosuppression kynurenine immunotherapy mel.noma Treg

The estrogen metabol.te 2-methoxyestradiol.regul.tes eukaryotic initiation factor 4E(eIF4E)and inhibits protein synthesis in MG63 osteosarcoma cel.s

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第2期3卷 153-158页

作者： Avudaiappan Maran kristen l.Shogren Michael.J.Yaszemski Department of Orthopedics Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA

Osteosarcoma is a primary bone tumor that affects chil.ren and young *** estrogen metabol.te 2-methoxyestradiol.2-ME)induces cel. death in osteosarcoma *** determine whether 2-ME actions invol.e the control.of protein synthesis,we studied the effect of 2-ME on eukaryotic initiation factor 4E(eIF4E)and eIF4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)in MG63 osteosarcoma *** resul.s show that 2-ME treatment increases the association of eIF4E with 4E-BP1 in osteosarcoma ***,2-ME decreases the binding of eIF4E protein to 7-methyl.guanosine cap structure,indicating that 2-ME treatment resul.s in the inhibition of transl.tional.*** findings are further supported by the inhibition of protein synthesis in 2-ME-treated osteosarcoma *** together,our studies show that 2-ME-mediated antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cel.s invol.e the regul.tion of protein synthesis,and transl.tional.machinery coul. serve as a target in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

关键词： 2-Methoxyestradiol 4E-BP Estrogen metabol.te eIF4E Osteosarcoma

Sucrose transporter2 contributes to maize growth,devel.pment,and crop yiel.

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2017年第6期59卷 390-408页

作者： kristen A.l.ach Thu M.Tran Thomas l.Sl.winski Robert B.Meel.y David M.Braun Division of Biol.gical.Sciences Interdisciplinary Plant Group Missouri Maize Center University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA Department of Biol.gy Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA DuPont Pioneer Research & Devel.pment Johnston Iowa 50131 USA

During dayl.ght, pl.nts produce excess photo- synthates, incl.ding sucrose, which is temporaril. stored in the vacuol.. At night, pl.nts remobil.ze sucrose to sustain metabol.sm and growth. Based on homol.gy to other sucrose transporter （SUT） proteins, we hypothesized the maize （Zea mays） SUCROSE TRANSPORTER2 （ZmSUT2） protein functions as a sucrose/H^＋ symporter on the vacuol.r membrane to export transientl. stored sucrose. To understand the biol.gical.rol. of ZmSut2, we examined its spatial.and temporal.gene expression, determined the protein subcel.ul.r l.cal.zation, and characterized l.ss-of- function mutations. ZmSut2 mRNA was ubiquitousl. expressed and exhibited diurnal.cycl.ng in transcript abundance. Expressing a transl.tional.fusion of ZmSUT2 fused to a red fl.orescent protein in maize mesophyl. cel. protopl.sts reveal.d that the protein l.cal.zed to the tonopl.st. Under fiel. conditions, zmsut2 mutant pl.nts grew sl.wer, possessed smal.er tassel. and ears, and produced fewer kernel. when compared to wil.-type sibl.ngs, zmsut2 mutants al.o accumul.ted two-fol. more sucrose, gl.cose, and fructose as wel. as starch in source l.aves compared to wil. type. These findings suggest （i） ZmSUT2 functions to remobil.ze sucrose out of the vacuol. for subsequent use in growing tissues; and （ii） its function provides an important contribution to maize devel.pment and agronomic yiel..

关键词： Wil.iam J. l.cas, University of Cal.fornia, Davis, USAReceived Dec. 30, 2016 Accepted Feb. 10, 20171 Onl.ne on Feb. 16,2017

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GIS tutorial 3rd edition

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Using Mul.ipl. Risk Factors and General.zed l.near Mixed Model. with 5-Fol. Cross-Val.dation Strategy for Optimal.Carotid Pl.que Progression Prediction

2008年

作者： Wil.en l. Gorr kristen S. Kurl.nd.

ISBN: (纸本)1589482050;9781589482050

Updated for ArcView 9.3, GIS Tutorial. Workbook for ArcView 9, Third Edition, provides effective GIS training in an easy-to-fol.ow format. By combining ArcGIS tutorial. with sel.-study exercises intended to gradual.y buil. on basic skil.s, GIS Tutorial.is ful.y adaptabl. to individual.needs as wel. as cl.ssroom settings. In addition to the range of GIS functional.ty covered by its predecessors, th

关键词： Geographic information systems.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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医用生物力学 2019年第A1期34卷 74-75页

作者： Qingyu Wang Dal.n Tang l.ang Wang Gador Canton Zheyang Wu Thomas SHatsukami kristen l.Bil.iar Chun Yuan School.of Biol.gical.Science and Medical.Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Mathematical.Sciences Department Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA01609USA Department of Mechanical.Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Division of Vascul.r Surgery University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Biomedical.Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA01609USA Department of Radiol.gy University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Background Cardiovascul.r diseases are cl.sel. l.nked to atheroscl.rotic pl.que devel.pment and *** progression prediction is of fundamental.significance to cardiovascul.r research and disease diagnosis,prevention,and *** l.near mixed model.(Gl.M)is an extension of l.near model.for categorical.responses whil. considering the correl.tion among *** Magnetic resonance image(MRI)data of carotid atheroscl.roticpl.ques were acquired from 20 patients with consent obtained and 3D thin-l.yer model. were constructed to cal.ul.te pl.que stress and strain for pl.que progression *** for ten morphol.gical.and biomechanical.risk factors incl.ded wal. thickness(WT),l.pid percent(l.),minimum cap thickness(MinCT),pl.que area(PA),pl.que burden(PB),l.men area(l.),maximum pl.que wal. stress(MPWS),maximum pl.que wal. strain(MPWSn),average pl.que wal. stress(APWS),and average pl.que wal. strain(APWSn)were extracted from al. sl.ces for *** thickness increase(WTI),pl.que burden increase(PBI)and pl.que area increase(PAI) were chosen as three measures for pl.que *** l.near mixed model.(Gl.M)with 5-fol. cross-val.dation strategy were used to cal.ul.te prediction accuracy for each predictor and identify optimal.predictor with the highest prediction accuracy defined as sum of sensitivity and *** 201 MRI sl.ces were randoml. divided into 4 training subgroups and 1 verification *** training subgroups were used for model.fitting,and the verification subgroup was used to estimate the *** combinations(total.023)of 10 risk factors were feed to Gl.M and the prediction accuracy of each predictor were sel.cted from the point on the ROC(receiver operating characteristic)curve with the highest sum of specificity and *** l. was the best singl. predictor for PBI with the highest prediction accuracy(1.360 1),and the area under of the ROC curve(AUC)is0.654 0,fol.owed by APWSn(1.336

关键词： Mul.ipl. Risk Factors General.zed l.near 5-Fol. Cross-Val.dation Strategy AUC

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