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Non-spherical aluminum nanoparticles fabricated using picosecond laser ablation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第7期27卷 980-986页

作者： A.Brahma Swamulu S.Venugopal Rao g.krishna Podagatlapalli Department of Physics Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge TechnologiesNuzvidAndhra Pradesh 521202India Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials(ACRHEM) University of HyderabadHyderabad 500046TelanganaIndia Department of Electronics&Physics Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management Institute of ScienceGandhi Institute of Technology and Management deemed to be UniversityVisakhapatnam 530045Andhra PradeshIndia

We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid(chloroform,CHCl3)with^2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of^350μ*** synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at^340 *** electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of(27±3.6)*** formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al *** addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles,triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal *** emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures(LIPSSs),which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs(HSF-LIPSSs)since their grating period was^280 ***,coarse structures with a period of^700 nm were observed.

关键词： ablation picosecond silver polar periodic surfaces electric double layers

Endosonographic diagnosis of advanced neoplasia in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2020年第23期26卷 3201-3212页

作者： Andrew Eiterman Ali Lahooti Somashekar g krishna Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate with minimal proven *** Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms(IPMNs) are known precursor lesions for pancreatic cancer. Identification of pancreatic cysts has improved from advances in abdominal imaging. Despite multiple revisions of the international consensus recommendations and various guidelines by other major societies,successful risk stratification of the malignant potential of mucinous pancreatic cysts remains challenging. Specifically, detection and accurate classification of advanced neoplasia(high-grade dysplasia and/or adenocarcinoma) in IPMNs is suboptimal with current diagnostic strategies. Development of interventional techniques utilizing endoscopic ultrasound include-through-the-needle microforceps biopsy, next-generation or whole genome molecular analysis of cyst fluid, and needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy. These techniques suffer from a series of limitations in technical success, diagnostic yield, and clinical feasibility, but a combination approach may offer a solution that optimizes their cyst evaluation and risk stratification. Assessment and comparison of these techniques is restricted by lack of adequate surgical specimens for testing of diagnostic accuracy, resulting in a possible sample bias. Additional large-scale multicenter studies are needed to accumulate evidence for the utility and feasibility of their translation into clinical practice. great strides have been made in pancreatic cyst evaluation, but further research is required to improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of IPMNs.

关键词： Pancreatic cyst Confocal endomicroscopy Microforceps biopsy Cyst fluid molecular analysis Endoscopic ultrasound Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Investigations on Low Speed Axial Compressor with Forward and Backward Sweep

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第2期16卷 121-133页

作者： M.govardhan O.g.krishna Kumar N.Sitaram Thermal Turbomachines Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

In the recent past, experimental studies have shown some advantages of blade lean and sweep in axial compressors. As most of the experimental results are combined with other features, it is difficult to determine the effect of individual parameters on the performance of the compressor. The present numerical studies are aimed at understanding the performance and three-dimensional flow pattern at the exit of swept and unswept rotors. Three rotors, namely; unswept, 200 forward swept and 200 backward swept rotors are analysed with a specific intention of understanding the pattern of the blade boundary layer flow. The analysis was done using a fully three-dimensional viscous CFD code CFX-5. Results indicated reduction in pressure rise with sweep. Backward sweep is detrimental as far as the performance near endwalls is considered. On the other hand total pressure loss in the wake in mid span region is less with backward sweep, which favours its application here. However, backward sweep adversely affects the stall margin. The ability of the forward sweep to deflect the streamlines towards hub gets diminished at low flow rates. Forward sweep changes the streamline pattern in such a way that the suction surface streamlines are deflected towards the hub and the pressure surface streamlines are deflected towards the easing. An opposite behaviour is observed in backward swept rotors.

关键词： Sweep pressure rise streamline shift stall margin blade loading

The Rationale for Reviewing Current Concepts of Urban Planning and Developing New Ones in India

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Built Heritage 2017年第3期1卷 34-43页

作者： A.g.krishna Menon Departments of Architecture and Urban Design School of Planning and ArchitectureNew DelhiIndia

Urban planning in India is heir to a colonial paradigm that imposed practices developed from the experiences of Western urbanisation to the local Indian *** paper suggests that this paradigm exacerbates the complex problems of contemporary urbanisation,but there is little attempt among Indian urban planners to acknowledge and address the consequences of their colonial *** forces of globalisation are reinforcing this postcolonial intellectual malaise by reposing greater faith in capital-and technology-intensive solutions to solve problems instead of reforming the inherited processes of urban *** paper argues that the nascent field of urban conservation in India offers the potential to review the dominant paradigms of urban planning and develop more context-specific and appropriate strategies for tackling the problems of Indian urbanisation.

关键词： historic space historic metropolitan context evolution reflection

Nomograms and prognosis for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1291-1294页

作者： Hong Tao Lin Ahmed Abdelbaki Somashekar g krishna Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

In recent years,endoscopic resection,particularly endoscopic submucosal dis-section,has become increasingly popular in treating non-metastatic superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).In this evolving paradigm,it is crucial to identify factors that predict higher rates of lymphatic invasion and poorer *** tumor size,deeper invasion,poorer differentiation,more infiltrative growth patterns(INF-c),higher-grade tumor budding,positive lymphovascular invasion,and certain biomarkers have been associated with lymph node metastasis and increased morbidity through retrospective reviews,leading to the construction of comprehensive nomograms for outcome *** validated by future prospective studies,these nomograms would prove highly applicable in guiding the selection of treatment for superficial ESCC.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Lymph node metastasis

Treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in left ventricular assist devices:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2550-2558页

作者： Srikanth Vedachalam gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian garrie J Haas Somashekar g krishna Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Cardiovascular Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Left ventricular assist devices(LVAD)are increasingly become common as life prolonging therapy in patients with advanced heart *** devices are now used as definitive treatment in some patients given the improved durability of continuous flow ***,continuous flow LVADs are fraught with complications such as gastrointestinal(gI)bleeding that are primarily attributed to the formation of arteriovenous *** frequent gI bleeding,antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies are usually discontinued increasing the risk of life-threatening *** bowel bleeds account for 15%as the source and patients often undergo multiple endoscopic *** strategies include resuscitative measures and endoscopic *** treatment is with *** treatment options include thalidomide,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensinⅡreceptor blockers,estrogen-based hormonal therapies,doxycycline,desmopressin and *** research has explored the mechanism of frequent gI bleeds in this population,including destruction of von Willebrand factor,upregulation of tissue factor,vascular endothelial growth factor,tumor necrosis factor-α,tumor growth factor-β,and angiopoetin-2,and downregulation of *** addition,healthcare resource utilization is only increasing in this patient population with higher admissions,readmissions,blood product utilization,and *** some of the novel endoscopic and medical therapies for LVAD bleeds are still in their development stages,these tools will yet be crucial as the number of LVAD placements will likely only increase in the coming years.

关键词： Left ventricular assist device Push enteroscopy Double balloon enteroscopy Video capsule endoscopy Octreotide Bevacizumab gastrointestinal bleeding

Call for action:Increased healthcare utilization with growing use of percutaneous cholecystectomy tube over initial cholecystectomy in cirrhotics

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第1期21卷 56-62页

作者： Srikanth Vedachalam Sajid Jalil Somashaker g krishna Kyle Porter Na Li Sean g Kelly Lanla Conteh Khalid Mumtaz Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Biostatistics Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA

Background:Acute calculous cholecystitis(ACC)is frequently seen in cirrhotics,with some being poor candidates for initial ***,these patients may undergo percutaneous cholecystostomy tube(PCT)*** studied the healthcare utilization and predictors of cholecystectomy and PCT in patients with ***:The National Database was queried to study all cirrhotics and non-cirrhotics with ACC between 2010-2014 who underwent initial PCT(with or without follow-up cholecystectomy)or *** patients were divided into compensated and decompensated *** predictors and outcomes of initial PCT and failure to undergo subsequent cholecystectomy were ***:Out of 919189 patients with ACC,13283(1.4%)had *** cirrhotics,cholecystec-tomy was performed in 12790(96.3%)and PCT in the remaining 493(3.7%).PCT was more frequent in cirrhotics(3.7%)than in non-cirrhotics(1.4%).Multivariate analyses showed increased early readmis-sions[odds ratio(OR)=2.12,95%confidence interval(CI):1.43-3.13,Pgth of stay(effect ratio=1.39,95%CI:1.20-1.61,Pgoing initial PCT compared to *** cirrhosis(OR=2.25,95%CI:1.67-3.03,Pghest odds of getting initial ***,regardless of compensated(OR=0.56,95%CI:0.34-0.90,P=0.020)or decompensated(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.14-0.59,Pgetting a subsequent ***:Cirrhotic patients undergo fewer cholecystectomy incurring initial PCT ***,the rates of follow-up cholecystectomy are lower in *** healthcare utilization is seen with initial PCT amongst cirrhotic *** situation reflects suboptimal management of ACC in cirrhotics and a call for action.

关键词： National Healthcare Cholecystectomy Percutaneous cholecystostomy Cirrhosis Decompensated cirrhosis

Update on endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3586-3594页

作者： Shiva Rangwani Devarshi R Ardeshna Khalid Mumtaz Sean g Kelly Samuel Y Han Somashekar g krishna Division of gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineOhio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Endoscopic ultrasound guided liver biopsy(EUS-LB)has emerged as a minimally-invasive alternative to the traditional(percutaneous or transjugular)liver biopsy techniques for the diagnosis of liver parenchymal ***,EUS-LB combines the advantages of percutaneous and transjugular liver biopsy in addressing focused sampling in addition to measuring portal ***,EUS-LB facilitates access to both the lobes of the liver which is not considered with the traditional percutaneous liver *** studies have compared EUS-LB with conventional liver biopsy and reported comparable diagnostic yield,increased acquisition of complete portal tracts,and longer specimen length as compared to the traditional ***-LB is associated with lesser post-procedural pain and shorter recovery time,while providing lower risk of complications when compared to traditional liver *** in needle types,needle sizes and suction techniques have aimed at further optimizing the EUS-LB *** review article updates current literature with focus on the variations in the technique and equipment used for EUS-LB,and compares EUS-LB with traditional methods of liver biopsy.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound guided liver biopsy Liver biopsy Percutaneous liver biopsy Transjugular liver biopsy Liver parenchymal disease Portal pressure gradient

MicroRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment:Charting the path forward

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1470-1474页

作者： Hong T Lin Antonio F Alvarez Castaneda Somashekar g krishna Khalid Mumtaz Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are recognized for their involvement in the regulation of gene expression and exhibit significant potential in both the prognostic assessment and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC,like other tumors,seldom occurs in isolation;instead,it evolves within a microenvironment featuring oncogenic and tumor-suppressive *** combined with suitable delivery vehicles,miRNA technology provides the capability to directly engage with these elements,thereby hindering tumor formation and *** research in this domain holds the promise of enabling a more efficacious and multi-modal treatment approach for HCC in the near future.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor microenvironment MicroRNA Mesenchymal stem cell Exosome